Single-cell RNA expression profiling of ACE2, the receptor of SARS-CoV-2

AbstractA novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 was identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December of 2019. According to WHO report, this new coronavirus has resulted in 76,392 confirmed infections and 2,348 deaths in China by 22 February, 2020, with additional patients being identified in a rapidly growing number internationally. SARS-CoV-2 was reported to share the same receptor, Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), with SARS-CoV. Here based on the public database and the state-of-the-art single-cell RNA-Seq technique, we analyzed the ACE2 RNA expression profile in the normal human lungs. The result indicates that the ACE2 virus receptor expression is concentrated in a small population of type II alveolar cells (AT2). Surprisingly, we found that this population of ACE2-expressing AT2 also highly expressed many other genes that positively regulating viral entry, reproduction and transmission. This study provides a biological background for the epidemic investigation of the COVID-19, and could be informative for future anti-ACE2 therapeutic strategy development.

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Single-cell RNA expression profiling of ACE2, the putative receptor of Wuhan 2019-nCoV, in the nasal tissue

10.1101/2020.02.11.20022228 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Chao Wu ◽

Shufa Zheng ◽

Yu Chen ◽

Min Zheng

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cells ◽

Single Cell ◽

Nasal Swab ◽

Throat Swab ◽

Strategy Development ◽

Rna Expression ◽

Alveolar Cells ◽

Nasal Epithelial Cells ◽

Nasal Tissue ◽

Novel Coronavirus

AbstractA novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was first identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, and then spreads to the other Provinces of China. WHO decides to determine a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) of 2019-nCoV. 2019-nCov was reported to share the same receptor, Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), with SARS-Cov. Here based on the public single-cell RNA-Seq datasets, we analyzed the ACE2 RNA expression profile in the tissues at different locations of the respiratory tract. The result indicates that the ACE2 expression appears in nasal epithelial cells. We found that the size of this population of ACE2-expressing nasal epithelial cells is comparable with the size of the population of ACE2-expression type II alveolar cells (AT2) in the Asian sample reported by Yu Zhao et al. We further detected 2019-nCoV by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from the nasal-swab and throat-swab of seven suspected cases. We found that 2019-nCoV tends to have a higher concentration in the nasal-swab comparing to the throat-swab, which could attribute to the ACE2-expressing nasal epithelial cells. We hope this study could be informative for virus-prevention strategy development, especially the treatment of nasal mucus.

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DO Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) reduce severity of pneumonia in 2019-nCov course of illness and improve survival?

10.31219/osf.io/eg2vt ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Elhassan Hussein Eltom Abdalla

Keyword(s):

Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽

Receptor Site ◽

Small Population ◽

Receptor Expression ◽

World Health ◽

Unknown Etiology ◽

Alveolar Cells ◽

Viral Receptor ◽

Course Of Illness ◽

Novel Coronavirus

Cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province of China had been reported to World Health Organization (WHO) on 31 December 2019. A novel coronavirus (2019-nCov) was identified and isolated by Chinese health authorities on 7 January 2020, and it was reported to share the same receptor, Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as SARS-CoV do, ACE2 RNA expression profile in the normal human lung and ACE2 virus receptor expression is concentrated in a small population of type II alveolar cells, recalling lessons from SARS, we can postulate that the use of ARBs empirically for patient infected with 2019-nCoV will stimulate AT2 receptor, and at the same time the free Angiotensin II can compete to the viral receptor site, therefore, we will promisingly noticed reduce in pneumonia severity, increase the recovery rate and improve overall survival.

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Single-cell RNA Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Factors in Human Endometrium during Preconception

10.1101/2020.09.14.296806 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Felipe Vilella ◽

Wanxin Wang ◽

Inmaculada Moreno ◽

Stephen R. Quake ◽

Carlos Simon

Keyword(s):

Single Cell ◽

Rna Sequencing ◽

Viral Entry ◽

Embryo Implantation ◽

Human Endometrium ◽

Cell Entry ◽

Rna Expression ◽

Endometrial Cells ◽

Single Cell Rna Sequencing ◽

Low Efficiency

AbstractWe investigated potential SARS-CoV-2 tropism in human endometrium by single-cell RNA-sequencing of viral entry-associated genes in healthy women. Percentages of endometrial cells expressing ACE2, TMPRSS2, CTSB, or CTSL were <2%, 12%, 80%, and 80%, respectively, with 0.7% of cells expressing all four genes. Our findings imply low efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the endometrium before embryo implantation, providing information to assess preconception risk in asymptomatic carriers.

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Erratum: Single-Cell RNA Expression Profiling of ACE2, the Receptor of SARS-CoV-2

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine ◽

10.1164/rccm.v203erratum4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 203 (6) ◽

pp. 782-782

Keyword(s):

Single Cell ◽

Expression Profiling ◽

Rna Expression ◽

Rna Expression Profiling

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DENTAL CONSIDERATIONS AMIDST COVID-19 SCARE

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v4i3.1058 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nitish Mathur ◽

Sanjeev Tyagi ◽

Vartul Dwivedi ◽

Anu Narang ◽

Parimala Tyagi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rna Virus ◽

Respiratory Illness ◽

Host Cells ◽

Alveolar Cells ◽

Face To Face ◽

Dental Procedures ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Type Ii Alveolar Cells ◽

To Come ◽

Novel Coronavirus

A Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) identified in Wuhan city of china capable of causing life threatening respiratory illness declared as a pandemic by WHO and has become a global fear among the community and healthcare professionals in 2020. 2019-nCoV is a positive stranded RNA virus having an origin from bats targets the host cells via the enzyme Angiotensin Converting enzyme 2(ACE2), which is most abundant in the type II alveolar cells of the lungs. This virus has usual incubation period of approximate 5 days and typically spread from one person to another via respiratory droplets produced during coughing and sneezing. Spread of this virus in the community has been reported through direct transmission route such as cough, droplet transmission, aerosols, salivary route, ocular and through the contact spread. As the dental practice compels dentists to come in face to face contact with the patients and aerosols during certain dental procedures leading to the heightened risk of 2019-nCoV transmission from infected patients. We hereby make an attempt to discuss 2019-nCoV infection spread in the community and among dentist, including precautions and considerations pertaining to the practice of dentistry amidst 2019-nCoV scare.

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Rod and cone interactions in the retina

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.14412.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 657 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Gordon Fain ◽

Alapakkam P. Sampath

Keyword(s):

Signal Processing ◽

Visual Perception ◽

Single Cell ◽

Expression Profiling ◽

Cell Labeling ◽

Specific Cell ◽

Rna Expression ◽

Single Cell Recording ◽

Cell Recording ◽

Rna Expression Profiling

We have long known that rod and cone signals interact within the retina and can even contribute to color vision, but the extent of these influences has remained unclear. New results with more powerful methods of RNA expression profiling, specific cell labeling, and single-cell recording have provided greater clarity and are showing that rod and cone signals can mix at virtually every level of signal processing. These interactions influence the integration of retinal signals and make an important contribution to visual perception.

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Public Database-Driven Insights Into Aging Stress-Associated Defective Gut Barrier With Low SARS-CoV-2 Receptors

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2020.606991 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Author(s):

Yuseok Moon

Keyword(s):

Viral Entry ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Metabolic Stress ◽

Case Fatality ◽

The Elderly ◽

Receptor Expression ◽

Gut Barrier ◽

Stress Signals ◽

Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to a global pandemic, and resulted in high case-fatality rate in the elderly. In addition to typical respiratory responses, ~50% of clinical cases include gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and persistent fecal shedding of the virus even after its clearance from the pulmonary system. In the present study, we assessed aging-associated gut transcriptomic responses considering the gastrointestinal symptoms contributing to COVID-19 severity. Intestinal expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptors and defense biomarkers decreased with increasing age. Moreover, aging-associated integrated stress responses (ISR) and mTOR-linked cell metabolic stress signals counteracted gut defense biomarkers. However, SARS-CoV-2 receptor expression was positively associated with gut barrier integrity potently via downregulation of the two stress-responsive signals. Gut transcriptome-based mechanistic prediction implicates that high susceptibility to COVID-19 in the elderly with low SARS-CoV-2 receptors is due to aging stress-associated defective gut defense, providing a new avenue for viral entry receptor-independent interventions.

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