scholarly journals Integrated Use of Compost and Nitrogen Fertilizer and their Effects on the Yield and Yield Components of Wheat: A Pot Experiment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayu Dume Gari ◽  
Gezahegn Berecha ◽  
Melkamu Mamuye ◽  
Obsu Hirko Diriba ◽  
Amsalu Nebiyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

AbstractThere is a research gap related to the combined effects of compost produced from coffee husks and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer (urea). The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under the integrated application of compost and nitrogen fertilizer (urea). A pot experiment was conducted in a lath house to determine the effects of the integrated use of compost produced from coffee husks and nitrogen fertilizer (urea) on the yield and yield components of wheat. The experiment consisted of nine treatments: T1, control (untreated); T2, 5 t ha−1 (8.12 g pot−1) compost; T3, 10 t ha−1 (16.24 g pot−1) compost; T4, 0 t ha−1 compost + 50 kg ha−1 nitrogen fertilizer (NF) (0.09 g pot−1); T5, 5 t ha−1 compost + 50 kg ha−1 NF; T6, 10 t ha−1 compost + 50 kg ha−1 NF; T7, 0 t ha−1 compost + 100 kg ha−1 (0.18 g pot−1) NF; T8, 5 t ha−1 compost + 100 kg ha−1 NF; and T9, 10 t ha−1 compost + 100 kg ha−1 NF. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The compost was prepared from coffee husks and applied in wet conditions. The findings showed that the addition of compost had little effect on wheat yield and yield components in the absence of nitrogen fertilizer (urea). However, the application of the highest amount of nitrogen fertilizer (urea), which is equivalent to the recommended field rate (100 kg ha−1) (equivalent to 0.18 g pot−1), and compost (5 t ha−1) (equivalent to 8.12 g pot−1) led to a significant (P≤0.05) increase in grain yield. Under this treatment, the grain yield was 26 g pot−1 (equivalent to 14.741 t ha−1) which is a 66.29% increase compared with the control (8.9 g pot−1 (4.969 t ha−1)); in the treatment in which only the recommended amount of nitrogen fertilizer was used (21.98 g pot−1 (12.273 t ha−1)) grain yield increased by 16.74%. Spike length and dry matter yield also significantly (P≤0.05) increased with the application of integrated compost and nitrogen fertilizer (urea). The results of this experiment revealed that compost-based soil management strategies can enhance wheat production, thereby contributing positively to the viability and benefits of agricultural production systems. However, nutrient-compost interactions should receive special attention due to the great variability in the properties of compost, which may depend on the type of organic materials used.

The effect of seeding date, seeding rate and N fertilization on winter wheat yield and yield components in eastern Newfoundland

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Spaner ◽  
A. G. Todd ◽  
D. B. McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

Livestock farmers in Newfoundland presently import most of their feed grain, and local self-sufficiency in grain production is a desirable long-term goal. The overall objective of this work was to refine our understanding of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in Newfoundland, with the aim of improving present cropping recommendations. We conducted trials near St. John's in 1998 and 1999 to examine the effect of seeding rate and topdress ammonium nitrate (N) fertilization rate on Borden winter wheat yield and yield components. We also conducted four seeding date trials in the same region. Optimum-treatment grain yields in our six trials ranged from 2.76 to 5.39 t ha−1. In years of variable winter kill, increasing seeding rate up to 450 seeds m−2 increased spikes m−2 at harvest, resulting in increased grain yield. Seeding rate, however, was not as important as N fertilization in maximizing grain yield. Increasing topdress fertilization to 60 kg N ha–1 increased spikes m–2 at harvest in years of variable winter kill, resulting in greater grain yield. In years of high winter survival, the main source of higher grain yield levels (through higher N application rates) was not achieved through greater spikes m−2 at harvest, but rather through an increase in kernel weight. Optimum grain yields occurred at seeding rates of 400 ± 50 seeds m−2, and at topdress fertilizer applications up to a rate of at least 30 kg N ha−1. Given the results of our seeding date experiments, in conjunction with previously developed climatic models, we now consider the optimum seeding date for the eastern region of Newfoundland to be August 31. Key words: Yield component analysis, two-dimensional partitioning, Triticum aestivum L., ammonium nitrate

EFFECTS OF TILLAGE METHODS ON WHEAT YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN CONTINUOUS WHEAT CROPPING

2002 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Bahrani ◽  
M. Kheradnam ◽  
Y. Emam ◽  
H. Ghadiri ◽  
M. T. Assad
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Residue Removal ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Tillage Methods

A three-year field experiment was undertaken to evaluate the effects of tillage methods on grain yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in continuous cropping. The experiment was conducted on a Ramjerd, fine, mixed, mesic, typic Calcixerepts soil. Wheat was sown: (1) after burning residues followed by conventional tillage, (2) after complete residue removal followed by conventional tillage, (3) after soil incorporation of residues followed by conventional tillage, (4) into untilled residues, (5) using chisel seeder after field irrigation, (6) using chisel seeder plus herbicide application, and (7) after disking. Residue burning and removal increased spikes per square metre, grain per spike, 1000-grain weight, grain yield and harvest index compared with other treatments. This was due primarily to weed interference and lack of uniform crop establishment in the presence of residues. Reduced tillage methods retained more residues on the soil surface, which provided unsuitable conditions for crop emergence and growth. The incorporation of residues led to a build up of carbon in the soil, with lower grain yields compared with residue burning and removal, but these yields were higher than those of chisel-seeded plots.

scholarly journals Impact of Livestock Manure, Nitrogen and Biofertilizer (Azotobacter) on Yield and Yield Components Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Esmailpour ◽  
M. Hassanzadehdelouei ◽  
A. Madani
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

Abstract Integrated nutrient management strategies involving chemical and biologic fertilizer is a real challenge to stop using the high rates of agrochemicals and to enhance sustainability of crop production. In order to study the effects of livestock manure, chemical nitrogen, and biologic (Azotobacter) fertilizers on yield and yield components of wheat, an agricultural experiment in the form of split factorial design with three replications was conducted in Elam region, Iran. The aim of this research was assessment of the effects of these fertilizers separately and in integrated forms; and setting out the best fertilizer mixture. The results showed that treatment with livestock manure, Azotobacter and chemical nitrogen increased plant height, biological and grain yield. Using livestock manure and Azotobacter increased biologic yield through increase in plant height which cause to increase in grain yield without any significant changes in harvest index and other yield components, but the use of chemical nitrogen caused an increase in plant height, No. of spikelete/spike, No. of grain/spike, one thousand grain weight and harvest index, biologic and grain yield. In the light of the results achieved, we may conclude that using livestock manure and chemical nitrogen fertilizer together with the Azotobacter had the maximum impact on yield; and that we can decrease use of chemical fertilizers through using livestock manure and biologic fertilizers and to reach to the same yield when we use only chemical fertilizers.

scholarly journals RESPONS OF BREAD WHEAT YIELD AND IT,S COMPONENTS TO BORON AND VITAMIN C FOLIAR APPLIED

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-Hilfy & Zeboon
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Spike Number

Field experiment was conducted during 2010 – 2011 and 2011 – 2012 winter seasons at the Experimental Farm, Department of Field Crops, College of Agriculture University of Baghdad. RCBD design with four replications were used to study the effect of Boron and vitamin C foliar applied on yield and some it,s components of bread  wheat Triticum aestivum L. cv. Abu – Ghraib-3. The experiment involved two factors ,the first was boron foliar in five concentrations  0,100, 200, 300, 400 mg L-1  the second was vitamin C foliar applied in five concentrations 0,1,2,3,4, gmL-1 at booting stage. Results of the experiment showed :300 mg B L-1 was  superior in grain yield 6.726,6.771 Mg ha-1)   for both seasons and some yield components ( spike number for the second season 574.9 spike m-2 , fertility 97.27% 97.34% and number of grain 66.39 , 65,22 grain spik-1 ) for both seasons . Foliar of Vitamin C with 4 gm L-1 was significantly affected grain yield (6.820 , 6.879 Mg ha-1 ) for both seasons respectively . Foliar of Vitamin C with 4 gm L-1 was significantly affected on grain yield and some it,s components (6.820 , 6.878 Mg ha-1 ) as compared to control which gave (4.882 ,4.906 Mg ha-1) for both seasons, respectively .The interaction between two factors was significant in some characters ( number of spike and grain yield ).

Nitrogen fertilizer effects on growth, grain yield, and yield components of malting barley

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 87-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter E. Baethgen ◽  
C.Bruce Christianson ◽  
Adriana García Lamothe
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

scholarly journals Effects of Varieties and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Maize on Farmers Field in Mid Altitude Areas of Western Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tolera Abera ◽  
Tolessa Debele ◽  
Dagne Wegary
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Fertilizer Rates ◽  
Western Ethiopia

Yield of maize hybrids could be low when grown below optimum management practices. Use of improved varieties and optimum nitrogen fertilizer application practices are unlocking the high yielding potential of hybrids maize. With these in view, a field experiment was executed on farmers’ field to determine the effect of varieties and nitrogen fertilizer rate on yield and yield components of maize in two cropping seasons. It is laid out with randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement with three replications. Five maize varieties (BH-540, BH-543, BH-661, BH-660, and BH-140) as main factor and two levels of nitrogen (55 and 110 Kg N ha−1) as subfactor were used with one maize variety (BH-543) without fertilizer as control. Leaf area and leaf area index of maize varieties were significantly affected by application of nitrogen fertilizer rates. Interaction of maize varieties with nitrogen fertilizer rates significantly affected all yield and yield components of maize. Application of half and full recommended nitrogen fertilizer produced mean grain yield advantages of 31 and 41% over control. Therefore, application of half and full recommended nitrogen fertilizer for improved maize varieties has significantly improved grain yield and recommended for maize production in midaltitude area of western Ethiopia.

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