scholarly journals Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in a population from Veracruz (Southeastern Mexico)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose María Remes-Troche ◽  
Antonio Ramos-De-la-Medina ◽  
Marisol Manríquez-Reyes ◽  
Laura Martínez-Pérez Maldonado ◽  
María Antonieta Solis-Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Private Practice ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Positive Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Previous Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Asymptomatic Subjects ◽  
Abbott Architect

AbstractIntroduction/AimRecent studies have shown that seroprevalence is quite variable depending on the country, the population and the time of the pandemic in which the serological tests are performed. Here, we investigated the prevalence of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in a population living in Veracruz City, México.MethodsFrom of June 1 to July 31, 2020, the consecutive adult patients (age ≥18 years) that attended 2 ambulatory diagnostic private practice centers for testing were included. Samples were run on the Abbott Architect instrument using the commercial Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay. The main outcome was seroprevalence. Demographics, previous infection to SARS-CoV-2 (according to a previous positive polymerase-chain reaction nasopharyngeal swab), self-suspicious of virus of infection (according to have in the previous 4 weeks either fever, headache, respiratory symptoms but not a confirmatory PCR) or no having symptoms were also evaluated.ResultsA total of 2174 subjects were tested, included 53.6% women (mean age 41.8±15.17 years, range 18-98 years). One thousand and forty-one (52.5%) subjects were asymptomatic, 722 (33.2%) had suspicious of infection and 311 (14.3%) had previous infection. Overall, 642 of 2174 (29.5% [95% CI 27.59%-31.47%]) of our population were seropositive. Seropositivity among groups was 21.3% in asymptomatic, 23.4% in self-suspicious patients and 73.9% in previous infection patients.ConclusionsWe found one of the highest seroprevalences reported for SARS-CoV-2 worldwide in asymptomatic subjects (21.3%) as well in subjects with self-suspicious of COVID-19 (23.4%). The number of infected subjects in our population is not encouraging and it should be interpreted with caution.

scholarly journals Accuracy of the serological ELISA test compared with the polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection in pregnancy

2003 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Varella Parmigiani ◽  
Ricardo Barini ◽  
Sandra Cecília Botelho Costa ◽  
Eliana Amaral ◽  
José Carlos Gama da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Test ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Molecular Biology Technique ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Positive Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

CONTEXT: The most frequently used methods for detecting antibodies are the indirect immunofluorescence test and the enzymatic immunoassay (ELISA). The polymerase chain reaction is a molecular biology technique in which the production of large amounts of specific DNA fragments is induced from very low concentrations of complex substrates aloowing the detection of very low amounts of viral particles. OBJECTIVE: To assess the accuracy of serological/ELISA tests in comparison with the polymerase chain reaction in maternal blood to diagnose cytomegalovirus infection. DESIGN: A descriptive study was performed. SETTING: High-risk outpatient clinic of Campinas University (Unicamp). PARTICIPANTS: We selected 243 pregnant women. All of them had been indicated for blood sampling because of suspicions of cytomegalovirus infection and also because of other infections. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: The group was tested for cytomegalovirus. Serological tests were run and compared to the polymerase chain reaction, which was considered to be the gold standard. Status analyses were done using Fisher's exact test, via the SAS software. RESULTS: The previous cytomegalovirus infection rate was 94.6%. The main reasons for inclusion in the study were fetal nervous system malformation (25.5%), maternal toxoplasmosis (25.5%) and Rh isoimmunization (14.8%). Only two women were included because of positive serological immunoglobulin M test for cytomegalovirus. The sensitivity and specificity of the serological tests were 94% and 6% for immunoglobulin G. CONCLUSION: Serological tests had lower sensitivity in comparison with the polymerase chain reaction test when diagnosing cytomegalovirus infection. The consequences of positive polymerase chain reaction and negative immunoglobulin M in women remain unknown.

scholarly journals Experience with the use of siltuximab in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Meira ◽  
Laia Albiach ◽  
Cristina Carbonell ◽  
José-Ángel Martín-Oterino ◽  
Mercedes Martín-Ordiales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Median Dose ◽  
First Line ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Positive Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Hospital Clinic

Objectives. The study aims to describe characteristics and clinical outcome of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection that received siltuximab according to a protocol that aimed to early block the activity of IL-6 to avoid the progression of the inflammatory flare. Patients and methods. Retrospective review of the first 31 patients with SARS-CoV-2 treated with siltuximab, in Hospital Clinic of Barcelona or Hospital Universitario Salamanca, from March to April 2020 with positive polymerase-chain reaction (PCR) from a nasopharyngeal swab. Results. The cohort included 31 cases that received siltuximab with a median (IQR) age of 62 (56-71) and 71% were males. The most frequent comorbidity was hypertension (48%). The median dose of siltuximab was 800 mg ranging between 785 and 900 mg. 7 patients received siltuximab as a salvage therapy after one dose of tocilizumab. At the end of the study, a total of 26 (83.9) patients had been discharged alive and the mortality rate was 16.1% but only 1 out of 24 that received siltuximab as a first line option (4%). Conclusions. Siltuximab is a well-tolerated alternative to tocilizumab when administered as a first line option in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia within the first 10 days from symptoms onset and high C-reactive protein.

scholarly journals Comparison of multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction with serological tests and culture for diagnosing human brucellosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuba Dal ◽  
Soner Sertan Kara ◽  
Aytekin Cikman ◽  
Cigdem Eda Balkan ◽  
Ziya Cibali Acıkgoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals USE OF THE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF ASYMPTOMATIC Leishmania INFECTION IN A VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS-ENDEMIC AREA

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Almeida Silva ◽  
Héctor Dardo Romero ◽  
Aline Fagundes ◽  
Nédia Nehme ◽  
Otávio Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Leishmania Infection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The diagnosis of asymptomatic infection with Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi has become more important over recent years. Expansion of visceral leishmaniasis might be associated with other routes of transmission such as transfusion, congenital or even vector transmission, and subjects with asymptomatic infection are potential reservoirs. Moreover, the identification of infection may contribute to the management of patients with immunosuppressive conditions (HIV, transplants, use of immunomodulators) and to the assessment of the effectiveness of control measures. In this study, 149 subjects living in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area were evaluated clinically and submitted to genus-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), serological testing, and the Montenegro skin test. Forty-nine (32.9%) of the subjects had a positive PCR result and none of them developed the disease within a follow-up period of three years. No association was observed between the results of PCR, serological and skin tests. A positive PCR result in subjects from the endemic area did not indicate a risk of progression to visceral leishmaniasis and was not associated with a positive result in the serological tests.

scholarly journals Outcome of COVID-19 in Solid Organ Malignancies: Experience From a Tertiary Cancer Center in Eastern India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1374-1379
Author(s):  
Somnath Roy ◽  
Joydeep Ghosh ◽  
Sandip Ganguly ◽  
Debapriya Mondal ◽  
Deepak Dabkara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Median Duration ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Polymerase Chain

PURPOSE The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed a unique challenge to oncology patients. Outcome data on COVID-19 in patients with cancer from the Indian subcontinent are scarce in the literature. We aimed to evaluate the outcome of patients with COVID-19 on active systemic anticancer therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective study of patients with solid organ malignancies undergoing systemic therapy with a diagnosis of COVID-19 between March 2020 and February 2021. COVID-19 was diagnosed if a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay from oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal swab was positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The objectives were to evaluate the outcome of COVID-19 and factors predicting the outcome. RESULTS A total of 145 patients were included with a median age of 58 years (range, 20-81 years). Treatment was curative in 60 (42%) patients. Of all symptomatic cases (n = 88, 61%), 50 had mild, 27 had moderate and 19 had severe COVID-19–related symptoms as per WHO criteria. Fifty (34%) patients required hospitalization with a median duration of hospital stay of 12 days (range, 4-25 days); five patients required intensive care unit admission. The rest were treated with home isolation and did not require further hospitalization. Twenty-two (15%) patients died, and the risk of death was significantly associated with severity of symptoms (odds ratio, 91.3; 95% CI, 9.1 to 919.5, P = .0001) but not with any other clinical factors. Drug holiday was given to 63 (44%) patients with a median duration of 25 days (range, 7-88 days). The median duration to reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction–negative was 16 days (range, 7-62 days). CONCLUSION COVD-19–related death rate was 15% among patients with solid organ malignancies. The severity of the symptoms was related to mortality. The majority of patients with mild symptoms were treated at home isolation.

scholarly journals Viral Load Dynamics in Sputum and Nasopharyngeal Swab in Patients with COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (11) ◽  
pp. 1239-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Liu ◽  
S. Yi ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
Z. Lv ◽  
C. Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Underlying Diseases ◽  
Temporal Profiles ◽  
Substantial Morbidity

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Nasopharyngeal swabs and sputum samples are generally collected for serial viral load screening of respiratory contagions, but temporal profiles of these samples are not completely clear in patients with COVID-19. We performed an observational cohort study at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, which involved 31 patients with confirmed COVID-19 with or without underlying diseases. We obtained samples from each patient, and serial viral load was measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We found that the viral load in the sputum was inclined to be higher than samples obtained from the nasopharyngeal swab at disease presentation. Moreover, the viral load in the sputum decreased more slowly over time than in the nasopharyngeal group as the disease progressed. Interestingly, even when samples in the nasopharyngeal swab turned negative, it was commonly observed that patients with underlying diseases, especially hypertension and diabetes, remained positive for COVID-19 and required a longer period for the sputum samples to turn negative. These combined findings emphasize the importance of tracking sputum samples even in patients with negative tests from nasopharyngeal swabs, especially for those with underlying conditions. In conclusion, this work reinforces the importance of sputum samples for SARS-CoV-2 detection to minimize transmission of COVID-19 within the community.

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