scholarly journals Lost in time: temporal monitoring elicits clinical decrements in sustained attention post-stroke

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
MB Brosnan ◽  
PM Dockree ◽  
S Harty ◽  
DJ Pearce ◽  
JM Levenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Target Detection ◽  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Temporal Duration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Right Hemisphere Stroke

AbstractMental fatigue, ‘brain fog’ and difficulties maintaining engagement are commonly reported issues in a wide range of neurological and psychiatric conditions. These compromise the ability to effectively engage with rehabilitative intervention and limit plasticity processes necessary for optimal recovery.Traditional sustained attention tasks commonly measure this capacity as the ability to detect target stimuli based on sensory features in the auditory and visual domains. However, with this approach, discrete sudden onset target stimuli may exogenously capture attention and/or result in automatic stimulus-response mappings to aid target detection, thereby masking deficits in the ability to endogenously sustain attention over time. We have developed a sustained attention test (the continuous temporal expectancy test; CTET) which requires individuals to continuously monitor a stream of patterned stimuli alternating at a fixed temporal interval (690ms) and detect an infrequently occurring target stimulus defined by a prolonged temporal duration (1020ms or longer). Because sensory properties of target and non-target stimuli are perceptually identical and differ only in temporal duration, the CTET taxes continuous monitoring processes which are critical for sustaining attention.Here, using the CTET we assessed stroke survivors with unilateral right hemisphere damage (N=14), a cohort in which sustained attention deficits have been extensively reported. The right hemisphere stroke survivors had overall lower target detection accuracy on the CTET compared to neurologically-healthy age-matched older controls (N=18). In addition, performance of the stroke survivors was characterised by significantly steeper within-block performance decrements in target detection accuracy compared with controls. These decrements occurred within short temporal windows (∼3 ½ minutes) and were restored by the break periods between blocks.These findings outline a precise measure of the endogenous processes hypothesized to underpin deficits of sustained attention following right hemisphere stroke and suggest that continuous temporal monitoring may be a particularly sensitive way to capture clinical deficits in the capacity to sustain attention over time.

scholarly journals Lost in Time: Temporal Monitoring Elicits Clinical Decrements in Sustained Attention Post-Stroke

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
M.B. Brosnan ◽  
P.M. Dockree ◽  
S. Harty ◽  
D.J. Pearce ◽  
J.M. Levenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Attention Deficits ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Temporal Duration ◽  
Attention Tasks ◽  
Sensory Features ◽  
Precise Measure ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Objectives: Mental fatigue, ‘brain fog’, and difficulties maintaining engagement are commonly reported issues in a range of neurological and psychiatric conditions. Traditional sustained attention tasks commonly measure this capacity as the ability to detect target stimuli based on sensory features in the auditory or visual domains. However, with this approach, discrete target stimuli may exogenously capture attention to aid detection, thereby masking deficits in the ability to endogenously sustain attention over time. Methods: To address this, we developed the Continuous Temporal Expectancy Task (CTET) where individuals continuously monitor a stream of patterned stimuli alternating at a fixed temporal interval (690 ms) and detect an infrequently occurring target stimulus defined by a prolonged temporal duration (1020 ms or longer). As such, sensory properties of target and non-target stimuli are perceptually identical and differ only in temporal duration. Using the CTET, we assessed stroke survivors with unilateral right hemisphere damage (N = 14), a cohort in which sustained attention deficits have been extensively reported. Results: Stroke survivors had overall lower target detection accuracy compared with neurologically healthy age-matched older controls (N = 18). Critically, stroke survivors performance was characterised by significantly steeper within-block performance decrements, which occurred within short temporal windows (˜3 ½ min), and were restored by the break periods between blocks. Conclusions: These findings suggest that continuous temporal monitoring taxes sustained attention processes to capture clinical deficits in this capacity over time, and outline a precise measure of the endogenous processes hypothesised to underpin sustained attention deficits following right hemisphere stroke.

scholarly journals Inconsistency of performance on neglect subtype tests following acute right hemisphere stroke

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.H. HAMILTON ◽  
H.B. COSLETT ◽  
L.J. BUXBAUM ◽  
J. WHYTE ◽  
M.K. FERRARO
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Hemispatial Neglect ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
The Third ◽  
Performance Patterns ◽  
Multiple Symptoms ◽  
Patient Performance ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Right Hemisphere Stroke

Hemispatial neglect has been conceptualized as having dissociable and potentially clinically relevant subtypes. However, the question of whether patient performance on neglect subtype measures is consistent over time remains largely unanswered. We examined changes in performance over time on measures of motor, perceptual, and personal neglect in 21 patients with neglect from acute right hemisphere stroke. Patients were assessed on three occasions, separated by at least one week, using a lateralized target test, lateralized response test, and modified fluff test. Across three testing timepoints, 18 (85.7%) patients changed subtype performance patterns at least once. In 13 (61.9%) of these patients, inconsistency between timepoints was not adequately accounted for by recovery. On initial testing, seven, patients (33.3%) demonstrated more than one neglect subtype symptom; by the third testing timepoint none of the patients demonstrated multiple symptoms. In the setting of acute stroke, performance on three measures of neglect symptoms is inconsistent across time. However, the distribution of neglect subtype symptoms appears to become more discrete over time. These findings complicate our understanding of the pathophysiology and potential prognostic value of neglect subtypes, and suggest that treatment decisions based on subtype performance assessed at a single timepoint, may be of limited utility. (JINS, 2008,14, 23–32.)

Speech-Language Pathology Practices for Adults With Right Hemisphere Stroke: What Are We Missing?

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 741-759
Author(s):  
Ashley Ramsey ◽  
Margaret Lehman Blake
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
The United States ◽  
Special Interest Groups ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Allied Health Professionals ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Right Hemisphere Stroke

Purpose Limited evidence exists to guide the assessment and treatment of cognitive-communication disorders associated with right hemisphere stroke. The purpose of this study was to obtain information about speech-language pathologists' (SLPs') clinical practices and decision making for this population to understand what practices are being used and identify gaps in clinical practice. Method A survey was distributed via online ASHA Communities for the Special Interest Groups and other social media platforms. Respondents included 143 SLPs from across the United States representing 3–50 years of experience and a wide range of practice settings. Survey questions probed assessment practices including how tests are selected, what tests are used to diagnose specific deficits, and how confident SLPs were in their diagnoses. Treatment decisions were queried for a small set of disorders. Results SLPs routinely assess cognitive disorders using standardized tests. Communication disorders are less likely to be formally assessed. Three core right cerebral hemisphere deficits—anosognosia, aprosodia, and pragmatic deficits—are either not assessed or assessed only through observation by 80% of SLPs. Evidence-based treatments are commonly used for disorders of attention, awareness, and aprosodia. Conclusion Communication disorders are less likely to be formally assessed than cognitive disorders, creating a critical gap in care that cannot be filled by other allied health professionals. Suggestions for free or low-cost resources for evaluating pragmatics, prosody, and awareness are provided to aid SLPs in filling this gap. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12159597

Spontaneous humor among right hemisphere stroke survivors

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin L. Heath ◽  
Lee X. Blonder
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Right Hemisphere Stroke

Anosognosia, neglect and quality of life of right hemisphere stroke survivors

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 797-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-Y. Dai ◽  
W.-M. Liu ◽  
S.-W. Chen ◽  
C.-A. Yang ◽  
Y.-C. Tung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Right Hemisphere Stroke

scholarly journals Research on Airplane and Ship Detection of Aerial Remote Sensing Images Based on Convolutional Neural Network

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4696
Author(s):  
Changqing Cao ◽  
Jin Wu ◽  
Xiaodong Zeng ◽  
Zhejun Feng ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Target Detection ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Remote Sensing Images ◽  
Detection Algorithms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Aerial Remote Sensing ◽  
Small Targets ◽  
Improved Algorithm

The wide range, complex background, and small target size of aerial remote sensing images results in the low detection accuracy of remote sensing target detection algorithms. Traditional detection algorithms have low accuracy and slow speed, making it difficult to achieve the precise positioning of small targets. This paper proposes an improved algorithm based on You Only Look Once (YOLO)-v3 for target detection of remote sensing images. Due to the difficulty in obtaining the datasets, research on small targets for complex images, such as airplanes and ships, is the focus of research. To make up for the problem of insufficient data, we screen specific types of training samples from the DOTA (Dataset of Object Detection in Aerial Images) dataset and select small targets in two different complex backgrounds of airplanes and ships to jointly evaluate the optimization degree of the improved network. We compare the improved algorithm with other state-of-the-art target detection algorithms. The results show that the performance indexes of both datasets are ameliorated by 1–3%, effectively verifying the superiority of the improved algorithm.

Right-Hemisphere Specialization for Contour Grouping

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 331-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregor Volberg
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Contour Detection ◽  
Global Processing ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Frequency Spectra ◽  
Visual Hemifield ◽  
Spatial Frequencies ◽  
A Chain ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hemisphere Specialization

Previous studies often revealed a right-hemisphere specialization for processing the global level of compound visual stimuli. Here we explore whether a similar specialization exists for the detection of intersected contours defined by a chain of local elements. Subjects were presented with arrays of randomly oriented Gabor patches that could contain a global path of collinearly arranged elements in the left or in the right visual hemifield. As expected, the detection accuracy was higher for contours presented to the left visual field/right hemisphere. This difference was absent in two control conditions where the smoothness of the contour was decreased. The results demonstrate that the contour detection, often considered to be driven by lateral coactivation in primary visual cortex, relies on higher-level visual representations that differ between the hemispheres. Furthermore, because contour and non-contour stimuli had the same spatial frequency spectra, the results challenge the view that the right-hemisphere advantage in global processing depends on a specialization for processing low spatial frequencies.

Map learning may be impaired after right-hemisphere stroke

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peii Chen ◽  
C. Priscilla Galarza ◽  
Kimberly Hreha ◽  
Tara Miceli ◽  
Anna M. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Map Learning ◽  
Right Hemisphere Stroke
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