scholarly journals The “throwaways”. Conflicts of interest in dermatology publications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Roman ◽  
David J. Elpern
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Financial Conflict ◽  
News Magazines ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Open Payments ◽  
Clinical Dermatology

AbstractImportanceConflict of interest as it relates to medical education is a topic of concern. Dermatology journals, periodicals, editorials, and news magazines are influential resources that are not uniformly regulated and subject to influence from the pharmaceutical industry.ObjectiveThis study evaluates industry payments to physician editorial board members of common dermatology publications, including “throwaway” publications.DesignA list of editorial board members was compiled from a collection of clinical dermatology publications received over a 3-month period. To analyze the nature and extent of industry payments to this cohort, payments data from the Open Payments database from 2013 to 2019 were collected. Analysis of the total payments, number of transactions, categories of payments, payment sources, and physician specific characteristics was performed.ResultsTen publications were evaluated, and payments data for 466 physicians were analyzed. The total compensation across all years was $75,622,369.64. Services other than consulting, consulting, and travel/lodging payments comprised most of the payments. A faction of dermatologists received the majority of payments. The top payers were manufacturers of biologic medications. Payment amounts were higher for throwaway publications compared to peer-reviewed journals.ConclusionsEditorial board members of dermatology publications received substantial payments from the pharmaceutical industry. A minority of physicians receive the lion’s share of payments from industry. “Throwaway” publications have more financial conflict of interest than peer-reviewed journals. The impact of these conflicts of interest on patient care, physicians practice patterns, and patient perception of physicians is noteworthy.

scholarly journals Report of the Editors of the American Political Science Review, 2008–2009

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (02) ◽  
pp. 383-385
Author(s):  
Ronald Rogowski
Keyword(s):  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
American Political Science Review ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Senior Editor ◽  
Good Advice ◽  
Dedicated Service ◽  
American Political Science ◽  
The Impact

We report here on the journal's operations during the year from July 1, 2008, to June 30, 2009. In doing so, we want first to express our thanks to the APSA: its staff, Council, and Publications Committee, both for good advice and for important material support. The impact of both is documented, albeit only partially, in the following article. TheAPSREditorial Board and its Executive Committee have also been invaluable, and we have benefited particularly from the concentrated counsel that a subcommittee provided during a two-day site visit to UCLA in July. Editorial Board members have also given unstintingly of their time to serve as guest editors on UCLA-connected submissions that might otherwise raise conflicts of interest. We owe very special debts of gratitude to our Senior Editor, Joseph Riser, whose serene and wise disposition seems never to falter; our graduate editorial assistants (EAs), Megan Gallagher, Diana Ichpekova, Rebekah Sterling, and Matt Spence; two of our original co-editors, Kathleen Bawn and Michael Chwe, who gave extraordinarily dedicated service but decided to leave the group effective July 1, 2009; and Gary Cox (UCSD) and Arthur Lupia (Michigan), who agreed to join our weekly meetings via videoconference—in Gary's case, for the long term; in Skip's, temporarily. Finally, we thank the authors of the nearly 700 papers submitted to us and the over 2,000 referees who gave, unremunerated and anonymously as always, their astute and often admirably detailed counsel.

scholarly journals Settlement of conflict of interest in the process of beneficial housing at the expense of budget funds as a guarantee of the constitutional law

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Olena HALUS ◽  
Oleksandr BRYHINETS ◽  
Iryna RYZHUK
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The paper proves that the realization of the right to a dignified life can be effective only in the framework of legal activities, and the presence of special legal means, which are tools to ensure a dignified human existence, also plays an important role. The analysis revealed that each society has its own standards of understanding the right to a sufficient standard of living, the basis in this case should be the only generally accepted norms and standards, especially those enshrined in international legal instruments. Guarantees of constitutional law and housing and the right to an adequate standard of living are interrelated and represented by a system of political, economic, social conditions, legal means and mechanisms aimed at ensuring the proper exercise of these rights. The system of guarantees of the constitutional right to housing and a sufficient standard of living is represented by general and special (legal) guarantees. The purpose of preventing corruption due to conflict of interest is to form a unified approach of persons authorized to perform state or local government functions and persons equated to them, to understand and comply with the rules of prevention and settlement of conflicts of interest introduced by the Law of Ukraine “On Prevention of Corruption”. Preferential provision of housing for citizens is carried out through certain mechanisms: providing citizens with affordable housing, provided by the Law of Ukraine “On Prevention of the Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on the Development of the Construction Industry and Housing Construction”; state, regional and local housing programs for certain categories of the population; providing social housing to socially vulnerable groups of the population of Ukraine.

Conflict of Interest and Decision Making

2021 ◽  
pp. 265-282
Author(s):  
Geneviève Helleringer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Professional Norms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Harmful Effects

This chapter looks at conflicts of interest (COI). It first considers tools of analytic philosophy to highlight the notion of COI, and in particular, the connection between COIs, choice and judgment, emphasising why decision making is a central element in the characterisation of COIs. Drawing on these elements, it is clear that any question of regulation and institutional design requires a sophisticated understanding of the capacity of individuals to recognise and resist bias in themselves and others when making judgments and decisions. The chapter then studies two specific mechanisms—bounded rationality and cognitive biases—that affect the behaviour of people in COI situations. It starts by analysing how rationalisation can reframe questionable behaviour as appearing acceptable, and how a sense of invulnerability encourages people to downplay the impact of COIs. The chapter then looks at techniques (policies, procedures, incentives, etc.) used to address COI situations in the light of insights from psychological studies. It concludes that both fiduciary duties and procedural requirements reflect an erroneous understanding of psychology and have led institutions and policies to deal ineffectively—if not indeed counterproductively—with the problems caused by COIs. Finally, the chapter assesses how alternative mechanisms may overcome the highlighted deficiencies. It specifically focuses on the key role that professional norms can play in dealing with unavoidable COIs while preserving trust between the affected parties, and the potential for self-regulation to provide worthwhile tools in combatting the harmful effects of COIs.

scholarly journals Conflict of Interest Disclosure in a Top-Tier Portuguese Medical Journal

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 652
Author(s):  
Nuno Moreira Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Medical Journal ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
Clinical Images ◽  
Independent Information ◽  
Financial Relationships

Introduction: Scientific medical publications are considered to be a source of unbiased and independent information. Authors are required to disclose relationships with the pharmaceutical industry for transparency purposes. The aim of this work was to assess conflict of interest disclosure in a Portuguese top-tier medical journal by comparing authors’ self-reported conflicts of interest with payments listed in the official database of Portuguese Ministry of Health.Material and Methods: All articles published in the Portuguese Journal of Cardiology from December 2015 to May 2016 were reviewed. Articles based on clinical images, with authors affiliated to foreign institutions, editorials, letters to the editor, or submitted before January 1st 2015 were excluded. Authors were categorized on concordance between self-reported disclosures and payments listed in the database. Authors who authored multiple articles were counted as new authors, since each paper offered a new opportunity for financial disclosure.Results: Of the 155 authors surveyed, 82 (53%) were in perfect concordance with the sunshine database, while 73 authors (47%) had one or more undisclosed payments. Undisclosed payments totaled over € 210 000. Four (17%) articles mentioned a conflict of interest, 24 articles (96%) had at least one author with undisclosed payments.Discussion: None of the payments listed in the database was acknowledged in self-reported conflicts of interest. This might indicate that authors do not consider their financial relationships with the industry to be relevant.Conclusion: The lack of concordance between self-reported conflicts of interest and payments found in the database raises concerns about incomplete disclosure.

CTLA-4 Polymorphisms and Haplotype Correlate with Survival and aGVHD after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation from Related HLA-Haplotype-Mismatched Donor

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 2006-2006
Author(s):  
Xiao-Ying Qin ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Guo-Xuan Li ◽  
Yazhen Qin ◽  
Lan-Ping Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mismatched Donor

Abstract Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) has been established as an effective treatment for patients with hematological malignancies. Disease relapse remains a major cause of transplant failure.T cell homeostasis is critical to determine the potency of the GVT effect. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4 or CD152) is a T cell activation negative regulator. Recent studies have shown the association of the CTLA-4 polymorphisms with the outcome after HLA-identical sibling allogeneic HSCT. Patients and Methods: In this study, we focused on four CTLA-4 polymorphisms, and analyzed the impact of donor genotypes and haplotypes on the conditions of 154 acute leukemia patients after related HLA-haplotype-mismatched transplantation. The four SNP genotypes (-1661, -318, CT60 and +49) were determined by TaqMan SNP genotyping assays. Results: Recipients of donors with +49 GG showed significantly lower OS (69.1% vs. 85.6%, P=0.024) and higher incidence of III-IV aGVHD (10.0% vs. 2.1%, P=0.032) than those with GA + AA(Fig.1,Fig.2). Multivariate analyses showed that +49GG was an independent risk factor for OS (HR:0.457,95%CI=0.227-0.920,P=0.028). Patients receiving mDLI showed significantly lower OS with +49 GG donor than those with AG+AA (P=0.011).The haplotype analysis revealed only three haplotypes in the donor population -1661/-318/CT60/+49 i.e.,ACGG,ACAA and GTGA,the frequencies were 64.3%, 19.5%, and 16.2%, respectively.Donors with and without the ACGG/ACGG haplotype had the same effect on transplant outcome as those with +49 GG and +49 AG+AA. Conclusion: The CTLA-4 +49 GG and the haplotype ACGG/ACGG reduced the overall survival and increased the aGVHD after allo-HSCT from the related HLA-haplotype-mismatched donor,knowledge of the CTLA-4 polymorphism and haplotype may provide useful information for donor selection and individual application of immunosuppressive agents and immunotherapy. CONFLICT OF INTEREST The authors declare no conflict of interest. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Policy on Conflict of Interest

2008 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
_ _
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Editorial Boards ◽  
Open Disclosure ◽  
Interest Policy ◽  
Publishing Group ◽  
Considerable Discussion

Relationships between industry and neurosurgeons engaged in both clinical practice and research have become increasingly complicated due to increased utilization of expensive devices in day-to-day neurosurgical practice. The Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG) has always had a policy of demanding open disclosure of any real, potential, or even perceived conflict of interest by authors submitting scientific manuscripts. Recently, the editor-in-chief and members of the editorial boards, after much discussion of this issue, decided that this policy of open disclosure should be enhanced and more specifically defined. In addition, we felt that such a policy should be extended to all reviewers of articles submitted for publication to JNSPG journals—both members of the editorial boards and ad hoc reviewers. To clarify, extend, and specify the JNSPG's policy in this respect, the editor and editorial boards developed a task force on “Conflict of Interest.” The task force, after considerable discussion with the full editorial boards, developed the following Conflict of Interest policy as well as the forms that submitting authors, editorial board members, and other reviewers are now required to complete.

scholarly journals Conflict of Interest - Serious Issue on Publication Ethics for Indian Medical Journals

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (190) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kusal K. Das ◽  
Tejaswini Vallabha ◽  
Jaydeb Ray ◽  
P.S.N. Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Editorial Policy ◽  
Editorial Staff ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Publication Ethics ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Medical Journals ◽  
Indian Medical ◽  
Peer Reviewers

Background: There are several vested interest lies on research publication hence the editorial policy is the sole important factor to control and regulate ethical publications in medical sciences especially on ‘conflict of interest’ issue.Aim: the study was aimed to assess on awareness of ‘conflict of interest’ issue in medical research and publication among the editorial staff, peer reviewers and authors of Indian medical journals.Methods: 61 authors who have published research articles recently in Indian medical journals (2008-2012), 56 peer reviewers who reviewed the manuscripts during same period and 35 editorial board members of various Indian medical journals were assessed by questionnaire and telephone interview regarding their understanding and knowledge on ‘conflict of interest’ issue for ethical publication.Results: Only 12% of the authors knew about the ‘conflict of interest’ issue and 19% of the medical authors have just heard about it! Out of 12% of authors who knew ‘conflict of interest’ issue only 5% provided that statement to the journals. Among the peer reviewers only 30% knew about ‘conflict of interest’ of which 91.5% stated that they do not bother about this issue while reviewing the manuscripts! But interestingly 75% of the peer reviewers confessed that they had a bias on the topics written by their friends or students! Among the editorial board members of Indian medical journals only 25% have any idea on ‘conflict of interest issue’.Conclusions: Results clearly shows poor understanding of ‘conflict of interest’ like important ethical issue among Indian medical scientists or journals.Keywords: authors; conflict of Interest; editorial members; peer reviewers; Indian Medical Journals.

PP172 Recruiting Academic Physicians Without Financial Conflict Of Interest

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. 146-146
Author(s):  
Jacques Belghiti ◽  
Stéphanie Luzio ◽  
David Fuks ◽  
Gregory Emery
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
National Commission ◽  
Potential Conflict ◽  
Financial Conflict ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Second Period

INTRODUCTION:To minimize the potential impact of conflicts of interest on health recommendations, several health institutions may be reluctant to recruit academic physicians due to their potential close relationship with industry. The present study aimed at evaluating the influence of academic physicians (AP) on the “rate of deport” due to financial support in the national commission of the HAS assessing medical devices.METHODS:After the renewal of this commission in November 2015, introducing patients representatives and more academic physicians, two periods of 12 months immediately before and after that date have been compared regarding the rate of deport during the sessions. Deport were decided by the legal section of our institution one week before each meeting according to a complete analysis of potential financial conflict of interest related to the medical device assessed. Only members without significant financial conflicts were allowed to participate to the discussion and the vote. The assessment of potential conflict of interest of all members followed the same criteria during the two periods.RESULTS:The number of physicians increased in the second period (nineteen versus twenty-three) with a significant higher rate of academic physicians (63 percent versus 82 percent, p = .001). The mean attendance of physicians was significantly lower during the second period (80 percent versus 65 percent, p = .03). During the two periods, the number of meetings (n = 22) was similar and the number of dossiers assessing new products was comparable (96 versus 104, p = .872). The decision to reimburse the medical devices was similar in the two periods (78 percent versus 73 percent, p = .681). The number of cases when physicians’ members were deported for conflict of interest was similar during the two periods (30 versus 28, p = .482) with not any increase among academic physicians.CONCLUSIONS:This study showed that it is possible to recruit several academic physicians without major financial conflicts of interest providing that their status could alter their assiduity.

scholarly journals Policy on Conflict of Interest

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. E13 ◽  
Author(s):  
_ _
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Editorial Boards ◽  
Open Disclosure ◽  
Interest Policy ◽  
Publishing Group ◽  
Considerable Discussion

Relationships between industry and neurosurgeons engaged in both clinical practice and research have become increasingly complicated due to increased utilization of expensive devices in day-to-day neurosurgical practice. The Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG) has always had a policy of demanding open disclosure of any real, potential, or even perceived conflict of interest by authors submitting scientific manuscripts. Recently, the editor-in-chief and members of the editorial boards, after much discussion of this issue, decided that this policy of open disclosure should be enhanced and more specifically defined. In addition, we felt that such a policy should be extended to all reviewers of articles submitted for publication to JNSPG journals—both members of the editorial boards and ad hoc reviewers. To clarify, extend, and specify the JNSPG's policy in this respect, the editor and editorial boards developed a task force on “Conflict of Interest.” The task force, after considerable discussion with the full editorial boards, developed the following Conflict of Interest policy as well as the forms that submitting authors, editorial board members, and other reviewers are now required to complete.

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