scholarly journals Transmembrane Kinases are essential for plant development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Li ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Fen Wang ◽  
Mingzeng Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Kinase Family

SUMMARYTransmembrane kinase family proteins (TMKs) have been implicated in regulating both auxin signaling and plant development. To obtain insights of the potential TMKs’ function in plant development, we regenerated new full sets of tmk mutants, and discovered many new phenotypes, such as defective organogenesis, smaller rosette leaves, fertility defects and selfing population defects in different combination of tmk mutants. Taken together, our results demonstrated that TMKs participated in multiple aspects of plant development, which provided a great reference for any future research.One-sentence summaryMultiple tmk mutants analysis illustrated the key roles of TMKs in plant development.

The Role of MiRNAs in Auxin Signaling and Regulation During Plant Development

2017 ◽  
pp. 23-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clelia De-la-Peña ◽  
Geovanny I. Nic-Can ◽  
Johny Avilez-Montalvo ◽  
José E. Cetz-Chel ◽  
Víctor M. Loyola-Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Auxin Signaling

scholarly journals Rapid auxin-mediated phosphorylation of Myosin regulates trafficking and polarity in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huibin Han ◽  
Inge Verstraeten ◽  
Mark Roosjen ◽  
Ewa Mazur ◽  
Nikola Rydza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Auxin Transport ◽  
Adaptor Protein ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Central Component ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Auxin Response ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Myosin Xi

The signaling molecule auxin controls plant development through a well-known transcriptional mechanism that regulates many genes. However, auxin also triggers cellular responses within seconds or minutes, and mechanisms mediating such fast responses have remained elusive. Here, we identified an ultrafast auxin-mediated protein phosphorylation response in Arabidopsis roots that is largely independent of the canonical TIR1/AFB receptors. Among targets of this novel response are Myosin XI and its adaptor protein MadB2. We show that their auxin-mediated phosphorylation regulates trafficking and polar, subcellular distribution of PIN auxin transporters. This phosphorylation-based auxin signaling module is indispensable during developmental processes that rely on auxin-mediated PIN repolarization, such as termination of shoot gravitropic bending or vasculature formation and regeneration. Hence, we identified a fast, non-canonical auxin response targeting multiple cellular processes and revealed auxin-triggered phosphorylation of a myosin complex as the mechanism for feedback regulation of directional auxin transport, a central component of auxin canalization, which underlies self-organizing plant development.

scholarly journals Receptor kinase module targets PIN-dependent auxin transport during canalization

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 370 (6516) ◽  
pp. 550-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Hajný ◽  
Tomáš Prát ◽  
Nikola Rydza ◽  
Lesia Rodriguez ◽  
Shutang Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Auxin Transport ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Receptor Complex ◽  
Receptor Kinase ◽  
Subcellular Trafficking ◽  
Leaf Venation ◽  
Receptor Like Kinase ◽  
Self Organizing

Spontaneously arising channels that transport the phytohormone auxin provide positional cues for self-organizing aspects of plant development such as flexible vasculature regeneration or its patterning during leaf venation. The auxin canalization hypothesis proposes a feedback between auxin signaling and transport as the underlying mechanism, but molecular players await discovery. We identified part of the machinery that routes auxin transport. The auxin-regulated receptor CAMEL (Canalization-related Auxin-regulated Malectin-type RLK) together with CANAR (Canalization-related Receptor-like kinase) interact with and phosphorylate PIN auxin transporters. camel and canar mutants are impaired in PIN1 subcellular trafficking and auxin-mediated PIN polarization, which macroscopically manifests as defects in leaf venation and vasculature regeneration after wounding. The CAMEL-CANAR receptor complex is part of the auxin feedback that coordinates polarization of individual cells during auxin canalization.

scholarly journals Selective auxin agonists induce specific AUX/IAA protein degradation to modulate plant development

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (13) ◽  
pp. 6463-6472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Vain ◽  
Sara Raggi ◽  
Noel Ferro ◽  
Deepak Kumar Barange ◽  
Martin Kieffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Chemical Biology ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Transcriptional Repressors ◽  
Transport Inhibitor ◽  
Specific Subset ◽  
Protein Ligases ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Auxin phytohormones control most aspects of plant development through a complex and interconnected signaling network. In the presence of auxin, AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (AUX/IAA) transcriptional repressors are targeted for degradation by the SKP1-CULLIN1-F-BOX (SCF) ubiquitin-protein ligases containing TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESISTANT 1/AUXIN SIGNALING F-BOX (TIR1/AFB). CULLIN1-neddylation is required for SCFTIR1/AFBfunctionality, as exemplified by mutants deficient in the NEDD8-activating enzyme subunit AUXIN-RESISTANT 1 (AXR1). Here, we report a chemical biology screen that identifies small molecules requiring AXR1 to modulate plant development. We selected four molecules of interest, RubNeddin 1 to 4 (RN1 to -4), among which RN3 and RN4 trigger selective auxin responses at transcriptional, biochemical, and morphological levels. This selective activity is explained by their ability to consistently promote the interaction between TIR1 and a specific subset of AUX/IAA proteins, stimulating the degradation of particular AUX/IAA combinations. Finally, we performed a genetic screen using RN4, the RN with the greatest potential for dissecting auxin perception, which revealed that the chromatin remodeling ATPase BRAHMA is implicated in auxin-mediated apical hook development. These results demonstrate the power of selective auxin agonists to dissect auxin perception for plant developmental functions, as well as offering opportunities to discover new molecular players involved in auxin responses.

scholarly journals The Roles of Auxin Biosynthesis YUCCA Gene Family in Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 6343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Cao ◽  
Honglei Yang ◽  
Chunqiong Shang ◽  
Sang Ma ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Auxin Biosynthesis ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Oxidative Decarboxylation ◽  
Auxin Signaling Pathway ◽  
Dynamic Expression ◽  
Environmental Responses

Auxin plays essential roles in plant normal growth and development. The auxin signaling pathway relies on the auxin gradient within tissues and cells, which is facilitated by both local auxin biosynthesis and polar auxin transport (PAT). The TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS (TAA)/YUCCA (YUC) pathway is the most important and well-characterized pathway that plants deploy to produce auxin. YUCs function as flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMO) catalyzing the rate-limiting irreversible oxidative decarboxylation of indole-3-pyruvate acid (IPyA) to form indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The spatiotemporal dynamic expression of different YUC gene members finely tunes the local auxin biosynthesis in plants, which contributes to plant development as well as environmental responses. In this review, the recent advances in the identification, evolution, molecular structures, and functions in plant development and stress response regarding the YUC gene family are addressed.

scholarly journals Redox regulation of auxin signaling and plant development in Arabidopsis

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talaat Bashandy ◽  
Yves Meyer ◽  
Jean-Philippe Reichheld
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Auxin Signaling

scholarly journals Selective auxin agonists induce specific AUX/IAA protein degradation to modulate plant development

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Vain ◽  
Sara Raggi ◽  
Noel Ferro ◽  
Deepak Kumar Barange ◽  
Martin Kieffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Chemical Biology ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Transcriptional Repressors ◽  
Transport Inhibitor ◽  
Specific Subset ◽  
Protein Ligases ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

AbstractAuxin phytohormones control most aspects of plant development through a complex and interconnected signaling network. In the presence of auxin, AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (AUX/IAA) transcriptional repressors are targeted for degradation by the SKP1-CULLIN1-F-BOX (SCF) ubiquitin-protein ligases containing TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESISTANT 1/AUXIN SIGNALING F-BOX (TIR1/AFB). CULLIN1-neddylation is required for SCFTIR1/AFB functionality as exemplified by mutants deficient in the NEDD8-activating enzyme subunit AUXIN-RESISTANT 1 (AXR1). Here, we report a chemical biology screen that identifies small molecules requiring AXR1 to modulate plant development. We selected four molecules of interest, RubNeddin1 to 4 (RN1 to 4), among which RN3 and RN4 trigger selective auxin responses at transcriptional, biochemical and morphological levels. This selective activity is explained by their ability to promote the interaction between TIR1 and a specific subset of AUX/IAA proteins, stimulating the degradation of particular AUX/IAA combinations. Finally, via a genetic screen using RN4, we revealed that the chromatin remodeling ATPase BRAHMA is implicated in auxin-mediated apical hook development. These results demonstrate the power of selective auxin agonists to dissect auxin perception for plant developmental functions.

scholarly journals Cadmium and Plant Development: An Agony from Seed to Seed

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 3971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiel Huybrechts ◽  
Ann Cuypers ◽  
Jana Deckers ◽  
Verena Iven ◽  
Stéphanie Vandionant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Vegetative Phase

Anthropogenic pollution of agricultural soils with cadmium (Cd) should receive adequate attention as Cd accumulation in crops endangers human health. When Cd is present in the soil, plants are exposed to it throughout their entire life cycle. As it is a non-essential element, no specific Cd uptake mechanisms are present. Therefore, Cd enters the plant through transporters for essential elements and consequently disturbs plant growth and development. In this review, we will focus on the effects of Cd on the most important events of a plant’s life cycle covering seed germination, the vegetative phase and the reproduction phase. Within the vegetative phase, the disturbance of the cell cycle by Cd is highlighted with special emphasis on endoreduplication, DNA damage and its relation to cell death. Furthermore, we will discuss the cell wall as an important structure in retaining Cd and the ability of plants to actively modify the cell wall to increase Cd tolerance. As Cd is known to affect concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and phytohormones, special emphasis is put on the involvement of these compounds in plant developmental processes. Lastly, possible future research areas are put forward and a general conclusion is drawn, revealing that Cd is agonizing for all stages of plant development.

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