scholarly journals Global Patterns in Culturable Soil Yeast Diversity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himeshi Samarasinghe ◽  
Yi Lu ◽  
Renad Aljohani ◽  
Ahmad Al-Amad ◽  
Heather Yoell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Anthropogenic Influences ◽  
Current Estimate ◽  
Yeast Diversity ◽  
Yeast Community ◽  
Soil Ecosystems ◽  
Global Soil ◽  
Fungal Dna

Yeasts, broadly defined as unicellular fungi, fulfill essential roles in soil ecosystems as decomposers and nutrition sources for fellow soil-dwellers. Broad-scale investigations of soil yeasts pose a methodological challenge as metagenomics are of limited use on this group of fungi. Here we characterize global soil yeast diversity using fungal DNA barcoding on 1473 yeasts cultured from 3826 soil samples obtained from nine countries in six continents. We identify mean annual precipitation and international air travel as two significant predictors of soil yeast community structure and composition worldwide. Anthropogenic influences on soil yeast communities, directly via travel and indirectly via altered rainfall patterns resulting from climate change, are concerning as we found common infectious yeasts frequently distributed in soil in several countries. Our discovery of 41 putative novel species highlights the need to revise the current estimate of ~1500 recognized yeast species. Our findings demonstrate the continued need for culture-based studies to advance our knowledge of environmental yeast diversity.

scholarly journals Patterns of yeast diversity distribution and its drivers in rhizosphere soil of Hami melon orchards in different regions of Xinjiang

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ShanShan Zhu ◽  
YongHui Lei ◽  
Chong Wang ◽  
YuMei Wei ◽  
ChunCheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soil Factors ◽  
Yeast Diversity ◽  
Northern Xinjiang ◽  
Yeast Community ◽  
Solar Radiation Intensity ◽  
Total Potassium

Abstract Background The unique climatic conditions of the Xinjiang region nurture rich melon and fruit resources, the melon and fruit sugar sources provide sufficient nutrients for the survival of yeast, and the diverse habitats accompanied by extreme climatic conditions promote the production of yeast diversity and strain resources. However, the relationship between yeast species and their relationship with environmental factors in the soil of Xinjiang specialty cash crop Hami melon is not clear. Here, we aimed to characterize the diversity, community structure, and relationship between yeast species and environmental factors in Hami melon orchards soils in different regions of Xinjiang, China. Results Based on Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing analysis of the D1 domain of the LSU rRNA genes, the community richness of yeast in the soil of Northern Xinjiang was higher than in the Southern and Eastern Xinjiang, but the community diversity was significantly lower in the Northern Xinjiang than in the Southern and Eastern Xinjiang. A total of 86 OTUs were classified into 59 genera and 86 species. Most OTUs (90.4%) belonged to the Basidiomycota; only a few (9.6%) belonged to Ascomycota. The most dominant species in the Southern, Eastern and Northern Xinjiang were Filobasidium magnum (17.90%), Solicoccozyma aeria (35.83%) and Filobasidium magnum (75.36%), respectively. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) showed that the yeast community composition in the soils of the three regions were obviously different, with the Southern and Eastern Xinjiang having more similar yeast community. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that soil factors such as conductivity (CO), total phosphorus (TP) and Total potassium (TK) and climate factors such as average annual precipitation (PRCP), relative humidity (RH) and net solar radiation intensity (SWGNT) were significantly correlated with yeast communities (P < 0.05). Conclusion There are abundant yeast resources in the rhizosphere soil of Hami melon orchard in Xinjiang, and there are obvious differences in the diversity and community structure of yeast in the three regions of Xinjiang. Differences in climatic factors related to precipitation, humidity and solar radiation intensity and soil factors related to conductivity, total phosphorus and total potassium are key factors driving yeast diversity and community structure.

scholarly journals Sympodiomyces attinorum sp. nov., a yeast species associated with nests of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens

2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 1891-1894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solange C. Carreiro ◽  
Fernando C. Pagnocca ◽  
Maurício Bacci ◽  
Marc-André Lachance ◽  
Odair C. Bueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Atta Sexdens ◽  
Leaf Cutting ◽  
Large Subunit Rrna ◽  
Waste Deposit

Four strains of a novel yeast species were isolated from laboratory nests of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens in Brazil. Three strains were found in older sponges and one was in a waste deposit in the ant nests. Sequencing of the D1/D2 region of the large-subunit rRNA gene showed that the novel species, named Sympodiomyces attinorum sp. nov., is phylogenetically related to Sympodiomyces parvus. Unlike Sympodiomyces parvus, Sympodiomyces attinorum can ferment glucose, assimilate methyl α-d-glucoside, salicin and citrate, and grow at 37 °C, thus enabling these two species to be distinguished. Differentiation from other related species is possible on the basis of other growth characteristics. The type strain of Sympodiomyces attinorum is UNESP-S156T (=CBS 9734T=NRRL Y-27639T).

scholarly journals Global soil-climate-biome diagram: linking surface soil properties to climate and biota

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Zhao ◽  
Yuanhe Yang ◽  
Haihua Shen ◽  
Xiaoqing Geng ◽  
Jingyun Fang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Global Soil ◽  
Soc Density ◽  
Surface Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Climate

Abstract. Surface soils interact strongly with both climate and biota and provide fundamental ecosystem services that maintain food, climate, and human security. However, the quantitative linkages between soil properties, climate, and biota at the global scale remain unclear. By compiling a comprehensive global soil database, we mapped eight major soil properties (bulk density; clay, silt, and sand fractions; soil pH; soil organic carbon [SOC] density; soil total nitrogen [STN] density; and soil C : N mass ratios) in the surface (0–30 cm) soil layer based on machine learning algorithms, and demonstrated the quantitative linkages between surface soil properties, climate, and biota at the global scale (i.e., global soil-climate-biome diagram). On the diagram, bulk density increased significantly with higher mean annual temperature (MAT) and lower mean annual precipitation (MAP); soil clay fraction increased significantly with higher MAT and MAP; Soil pH decreased with higher MAP and lower MAT, and the critical MAP for the transition from alkaline to acidic soil decreased with decreasing MAT; SOC density and STN density both were jointly affected by MAT and MAP, showing an increase at lower MAT and a saturation tendency towards higher MAP. Surface soil physical and chemical properties also showed remarkable variations across biomes. The soil-climate-biome diagram suggests the co-evolution of the soil, climate, and biota under global environmental change.

scholarly journals Candida aechmeae sp. nov. and Candida vrieseae sp. nov., novel yeast species isolated from the phylloplane of bromeliads in Southern Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 244-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Fontes Landell ◽  
Raisa Billodre ◽  
Jesus P. Ramos ◽  
Orílio Leoncini ◽  
Marilene H. Vainstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
D2 Domain ◽  
Its Gene ◽  
Ascomycetous Yeasts ◽  
Positive Results

Two novel yeast species, Candida aechmeae sp. nov. and Candida vrieseae sp. nov., were isolated from bromeliads in Itapuã Park, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. These species are genetically isolated from all other currently recognized ascomycetous yeasts based on their sequence divergence in the D1/D2 domain of the LSU rRNA gene. C. aechmeae sp. nov. is phylogenetically close to Candida ubatubensis, a species also isolated from bromeliads in Brazil, but the novel species can be differentiated on the basis of differences in the D1/D2 domain and positive results for the assimilation of l-arabinose, raffinose, inulin and citrate. Candida vrieseae sp. nov. is phylogenetically placed in a clade near Candida membranifaciens that is composed of several species associated with insects, but the novel species can be differentiated from them by the D1/D2 and ITS gene sequences, positive results for the assimilation of nitrite and a negative result for the assimilation of ethylamine. The type strain for Candida aechmeae sp. nov. is BI153T (=CBS 10831T=NRRL Y-48456T) and the type strain for C. vrieseae sp. nov. is BI146T (=CBS 10829T=NRRL Y-48461T).

scholarly journals Ogataea mangiferae sp. nov., a methylotrophic yeast isolated from mango leaves

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_6) ◽  
pp. 1855-1859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Raquel O. Santos ◽  
Elisa S. Faria ◽  
Marc-André Lachance ◽  
Carlos A. Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Methylotrophic Yeast ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Mango Leaves

Five strains of a novel methanol-assimilating yeast species were isolated from mango (Mangifera indica) leaves collected at the campus of the Federal University of Minas Gerais in Brazil. The sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit of the rRNA gene showed that this species belongs to the Ogataea clade and is related to O. allantospora, O. chonburiensis, O. dorogensis, O. kodamae, O. paradorogensis and Candida xyloterini (Ogataea clade). The novel species differs in the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit of the rRNA gene by 12 to 40 substitutions from these Ogataea species. The name Ogataea mangiferae sp. nov. is proposed for this novel species. The type strain of Ogataea mangiferae sp. nov. is UFMG-CM-Y253T ( = CBS 13492T). The Mycobank number is MB 811646.

scholarly journals Towards yeast taxogenomics: lessons from novel species descriptions based on complete genome sequences

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Libkind ◽  
N Čadež ◽  
D A Opulente ◽  
Q K Langdon ◽  
C A Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Novel Taxa ◽  
Bioinformatic Approaches ◽  
Species Descriptions ◽  
Complete Genomic

ABSTRACT In recent years, ‘multi-omic’ sciences have affected all aspects of fundamental and applied biological research. Yeast taxonomists, though somewhat timidly, have begun to incorporate complete genomic sequences into the description of novel taxa, taking advantage of these powerful data to calculate more reliable genetic distances, construct more robust phylogenies, correlate genotype with phenotype and even reveal cryptic sexual behaviors. However, the use of genomic data in formal yeast species descriptions is far from widespread. The present review examines published examples of genome-based species descriptions of yeasts, highlights relevant bioinformatic approaches, provides recommendations for new users and discusses some of the challenges facing the genome-based systematics of yeasts.

Candida ecuadorensis sp. nov., an ascomycetous yeast species found in two separate regions of Ecuador

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_1) ◽  
pp. 393-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. James ◽  
Enrique Javier Carvajal Barriga ◽  
Patricia Portero Barahona ◽  
Kathryn Cross ◽  
Christopher J. Bond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ascomycetous Yeast ◽  
Rotten Wood ◽  
D2 Domain ◽  
Lsu Rrna Gene

In the course of an on-going study aimed at cataloguing the natural yeast biodiversity found in Ecuador, two strains (CLQCA 13-025 and CLQCA 20-004T) were isolated from samples of cow manure and rotten wood collected in two separate provinces of the country (Orellana and Bolívar). These strains were found to represent a novel yeast species based on the sequences of their D1/D2 domain of the large-subunit (LSU) rRNA gene and their physiological characteristics. Phylogenetic analysis based on LSU D1/D2 sequences revealed this novel species to belong to the Metschnikowia clade and to be most closely related to Candida suratensis, a species recently discovered in a mangrove forest in Thailand. The species name of Candida ecuadorensis sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate these strains, with strain CLQCA 20-004T ( = CBS 12653T = NCYC 3782T) designated as the type strain.

Ogataea kolombanensis sp. nov., Ogataea histrianica sp. nov. and Ogataea deakii sp. nov., three novel yeast species from plant sources

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_8) ◽  
pp. 3115-3123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neža Čadež ◽  
Dénes Dlauchy ◽  
Peter Raspor ◽  
Gábor Péter
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Lsu Rrna

Nine methanol-assimilating yeast strains isolated from olive oil sediments in Slovenia, extra virgin olive oil from Italy and rotten wood collected in Hungary were found to form three genetically separated groups, distinct from the currently recognized yeast species. Sequence analysis from genes of the small subunit (SSU) rRNA, internal transcribed spacer region/5.8S rRNA, large subunit (LSU) rRNA D1/D2 domains and translational elongation factor-1α (EF-1α) revealed that the three closely related groups represent three different undescribed yeast species. Sequence analysis of the LSU rRNA gene D1/D2 domains placed the novel species in the Ogataea clade. The three novel species are designated as Ogataea kolombanensis sp. nov. (type strain: ZIM 2322T = CBS 12778T = NRRL Y-63657T), Ogataea histrianica sp. nov. (type strain: ZIM 2463T = CBS 12779T = NRRL Y-63658T) and Ogataea deakii sp. nov. (type strain: NCAIM Y.01896T = CBS 12735T = NRRL Y-63656T).

scholarly journals Alterations in Yeast Species Composition of Uninoculated Wine Ferments by the Addition of Sulphur Dioxide

Fermentation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Cuijvers ◽  
Steven Van Den Heuvel ◽  
Cristian Varela ◽  
Mark Rullo ◽  
Mark Solomon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Wine Yeast ◽  
Aroma Compound ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Yeast Community ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Saccharomyces Yeasts

Uninoculated wine fermentations are conducted by a consortium of wine yeast and bacteria that establish themselves either from the grape surface or from the winery environment. Of the additives that are commonly used by winemakers, sulphur dioxide (SO2) represents the main antimicrobial preservative and its use can have drastic effects on the microbial composition of the fermentation. To investigate the effect of SO2 on the resident yeast community of uninoculated ferments, Chardonnay grape juice from 2018 and 2019 was treated with a variety of SO2 concentrations ranging up to 100 mg/L and was then allowed to undergo fermentation, with the yeast community structure being assessed via high-throughput meta-barcoding (phylotyping). While the addition of SO2 was shown to select against the presence of many species of non-Saccharomyces yeasts, there was a clear and increasing selection for the species Hanseniaspora osmophila as concentrations of SO2 rose above 40 mg/L in fermentations from both vintages. Chemical analysis of the wines resulting from these treatments showed significant increases in acetate esters, and specifically the desirable aroma compound 2-phenylethyl acetate, that accompanied the increase in abundance of H. osmophila. The ability to modulate the yeast community structure of an uninoculated ferment and the resulting chemical composition of the final wine, as demonstrated in this study, represents an important tool for winemakers to begin to be able to influence the organoleptic profile of uninoculated wines.

scholarly journals Wickerhamiella allomyrinae f.a., sp. nov., a yeast species isolated from the gut of the rhinoceros beetle Allomyrina dichotoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_11) ◽  
pp. 3856-3861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Cheng Ren ◽  
Yun Wang ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Tao Ke ◽  
Feng-Li Hui
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Rhinoceros Beetle ◽  
Lsu Rrna Gene

Two strains representing Wickerhamiella allomyrinae f.a., sp. nov. were isolated from the gut of Allomyrina dichotoma (Coleoptera: Scarabeidae) collected from the Baotianman National Nature Reserve, Nanyan, Henan Province, China. Sequence analyses of the D1/D2 domains of the LSU rRNA gene revealed that this novel species was located in the Wickerhamiella clade (Saccharomycetes, Saccharomycetales), with three described species of the genus Candida, namely Candida musiphila, Candida spandovensis and Candida sergipensis, as the most closely related species. The novel species differed from these three species by 9.3–9.8 % sequence divergence (35–45 nt substitutions) in the D1/D2 sequences. The species could also be distinguished from the closely related species, C. musiphila, C. spandovensis and C. sergipensis, by growth on vitamin-free medium and at 37 °C. The type strain is Wickerhamiella allomyrinae sp. nov. NYNU 13920T ( = CICC 33031T = CBS 13167T).

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