scholarly journals Low-field thoracic magnetic stimulation increases peripheral oxygen saturation levels in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients: a single-blind, sham-controlled, crossover study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saul M Dominguez-Nicolas ◽  
Elias Manjarrez
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Crossover Study ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Low Field ◽  
Single Blind

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) may cause low oxygen saturation (SpO2) and respiratory failure in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients. Hence the increase of SpO2 levels could be crucial for the quality of life and recovery of these patients. Here we introduce an electromagnetic device termed low-field thoracic magnetic stimulation (LF-ThMS) system. This device was designed to non-invasively deliver a pulsed magnetic field from 100 to 118 Hz and 10.5 to 13.1 mT (i.e., 105 to 131 Gauss) to the dorsal thorax. We show that these frequencies and magnetic flux densities are safe for the patients. We also present a proof-of-concept that a single session of LF-ThMS applied for 30 minutes to the dorsal thorax of 17 COVID-19 patients significantly increases their SpO2 levels. We designed a single-blind, sham-controlled, crossover study on 5 COVID-19 patients who underwent two sessions of the study (real and sham LF-ThMS) and 12 COVID-19 patients who underwent only the real LF-ThMS. We found a statistically significant correlation between magnetic flux density, frequency, or temperature associated with the real LF-ThMS and SpO2 levels in all COVID-19 patients. However, the five patients of the sham-controlled study did not exhibit a significant change in their SpO2 levels during sham stimulation. All the patients did not present adverse events after the LF-ThMS intervention.

scholarly journals Finite Element Analysis of the Magnetic Field Distribution in a Magnetic Abrasive Finishing Station and its Impact on the Effects of Finishing Stainless Steel AISI 304L

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Michał Marczak ◽  
Józef Zawora
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Flux Density ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Aisi 304L ◽  
Magnetic Abrasive Finishing ◽  
The Real ◽  
Abrasive Finishing

In this article, we present a numerical model of a magnetic abrasive finishing station, which was analyzed using the finite element method (FEM). The obtained results were compared with the real values measured on an experimental station of our own design. The prepared station had the option of adjusting the magnetic flux density inside the machining gap, the width of which could be changed from 10 to 30 mm. The maximum value of the magnetic flux density inside the air gap was 0.8 T. The real distribution of magnetic flux density in the finishing area was also analyzed. A design of experiment was carried out with the following variables: abrasive grain concentration, width of the machining gap, and process duration. The results are presented in the form of regression equations and characteristics for selected roughness parameters.

Validation of a Simplified Sham Acupuncture Technique for Its Use in Clinical Research: A Randomised, Single Blind, Crossover Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Kreiner ◽  
Ana Zaffaroni ◽  
Ramón Alvarez ◽  
Glenn Clark
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Crossover Study ◽  
Sham Acupuncture ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Acupuncture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Single Blind ◽  
Blind Crossover Study

Objectives The validity of a new sham acupuncture technique was tested on acupuncture naïve healthy subjects. Methods The procedure was tested in accupoints LI4 and ST6 in a randomised, single blind and crossover study. The participants were blind to which technique they received. 32 healthy volunteers (15 men, 17 women, aged between 20 and 62 years, mean age 34 years) were recruited at the Universidad de la República, Uruguay. Interventions Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: (1) real acupuncture or (2) sham acupuncture. After 30 min, the patients were ‘needled’ again in a crossover design. Main outcome measures A yes/no questionnaire was used to assess the credibility and characteristics of the procedure. Results For the credibility question (do you think you received real acupuncture?) no statistically significant group differences were evident before or after the crossover. Subjects who answered yes to this question ranged from 14/16 (87.5%) before crossover to 10/16 (62.5%) after crossover for the sham and 12/16 (75%) before crossover to 15/16 (93.8%) after crossover for the real acupuncture. The question that showed a significant difference (only after crossover) was the question, “did you feel the needle penetrating the skin?”; after crossover 12/16 (75%) subjects in the real acupuncture group said yes and 2/16 (12%) subjects in the sham group said yes to this question (p<0.01). Conclusions These data suggests that this method is credible and constitutes a simple and inexpensive technique for use as a control in clinical research in acupuncture naïve subjects.

Research on expanding the range of reproduction of magnetic flux density of the DC field of the state primary standard GET12-2011

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Vladlen Ya. Shifrin ◽  
Denis I. Belyakov ◽  
Alexander E. Shilov ◽  
Denis D. Kosenko
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Magnetic Induction ◽  
Frequency Conversion ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Primary Standard ◽  
Uncertainty Budget ◽  
The State ◽  
State Primary Standard ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Constant Field

The results of works aimed at increasing the level of uniformity of measurements of the magnetic induction of a constant field – the basic value in the field of magnetic measurements. A set of equipment for reproducing a unit of magnetic induction of a constant field in the range of 1–25 mT was created and described. The inclusion of this complex in the State primary standard of units of magnetic induction, magnetic flux, magnetic moment and magnetic induction gradient GET 12-2011 will ensure the reproduction and direct transmission of the unit of permanent magnetic induction in the ranges of not only weak (10–3–1 mT), but medium (1–25 mT) and strong (0.025–1 T) magnetic fields. A quantum cesium magnetometer based on the resolved structure of cesium atoms was created to transmit the unit of magnetic induction to the region of medium fields. The procedure for calculating the frequency conversion coefficients to magnetic induction of the created quantum cesium magnetometer is described. The uncertainty budget for reproducing a unit of magnetic induction of a constant field using the created complex is estimated.

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