scholarly journals Population structure and genetic diversity of chickpea germplasms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepanshu jayaswal ◽  
garima Yadav ◽  
Kuldip Jayaswall ◽  
Abhishek Bhandawat ◽  
Arvind Nath Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Dissimilarity Matrix ◽  
Group I ◽  
Elite Cultivar

In various leguminous crops, chickpea is the fourth most important legume contributing 3.1% to the total legume production. Grains of chickpea are rich source of proteins, minerals and vitamins which makes them suitable for both food and feed. For any crop to be improved, the knowledge of genetic diversity of wild and elite cultivar is very important. Therefore among various available marker systems, molecular markers are more reliable and accurate, therefore are very commonly used for genetic diversity analysis, phylogenetic studies and cultivar identification. Due to several advantages of Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers in present study we analyzed the genetic diversity, structure, cross-species transferability and allelic richness in 50 chickpea collection using 23 ISSR markers. The observed parameters such as allele number varied from 3 to 16, and PIC varied from 0.15 to 0.4988 respectively. Further, range of allele size varied from 150 to 1600 bp which shows the significance of ISSR markers for chickpea germplasms characterization. On the basis of ISSR marker genotypic data dendrogram were constructed which divides these 50 chickpea in group I and II showing the reliability of ISSR markers. Among 50 chickpea, the accession P 74-1 is in group I and rest are in group II. Further we made mini-core collection of 15 diverse chickpea and subgrouped them. Dendrogram, PCA, Dissimilarity matrix and Bayesian model based genetic clustering of 50 chickpea germplasms revealed that P 74-1,P 1883, P 1260 very diverse chickpea accession. Characterization of these diverse chickpea would help in maintenance breeding, conservation and in future could be used to develop climate resilient elite cultivar of chickpea. Utilization of these novel ISSRs markers in diversity analysis and population structure characterization of 50 chickpea germplasm suggests their wider efficacy in superior scale for molecular breeding studies in chickpea.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Chickpea Genotypes for Early Flowering and High Seed Germination through Molecular Markers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garima Yadav ◽  
Deepanshu Jayaswal ◽  
Kuldip Jayaswall ◽  
Abhishek Bhandawat ◽  
ArvindNath Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
Germplasm Characterization ◽  
Group I

Abstract Chickpea is the fourth most important legume crop contributing 3.1% to the total legume production and rich source of proteins, minerals and vitamins. Genetic diversity of wild and elite cultivar is quintessential for variety improvement. Determination of genetic diversity is more reliable and accurate, therefore, commonly used. In the present study, we analyzed the genetic diversity, population structure, cross-species transferability and allelic richness in 50 chickpea collection using 23 ISSR markers. The observed parameters such as allele number varied from 3 to 16,and polymorphic information content (PIC) varied from 0.15 to 0.4988, respectively. Further, range of allele size varied from 150 to 1600 bp, which shows the significance of ISSR markers for chickpea germplasm characterization. On the basis of ISSR marker genotypic data, dendrogram was constructed which divides these 50 chickpea in group I and II showing the reliability of ISSR markers. Among 50 chickpea, the accession P 74-1 is in group I and rest are in group II. Further we made mini-core collection of 15 diverse chickpea and sub-grouped them. Dendrogram, PCA, Dissimilarity matrix and Bayesian model based genetic clustering of 50 chickpea germplasms revealed that P 74-1 and P 1883are very diverse chickpea accession. Further selected 15 diverse chickpea screened for early flowering and high seed germination. Among 15 diversechickpea germplasms P 1857-1 and P 3971 has early flowering and high seed germination compared to P 1883 and other germplasm. Characterization of these diverse chickpea for early flowering and high seed germinationwould help in reducing crop duration and enhancing seed qualities. Utilization of these ISSRs markers in diversity analysis and population structure characterization of 50 chickpea germplasm suggests their wider efficacy for molecular breeding ofearly flowering and high seed germination.

ISSR Marker Based Genetic Diversity in Morinda Spp. For Its Enhanced Collection, Conservation and Utilization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalit Arya ◽  
Ramya Kossery Narayanan ◽  
Anjali Kak ◽  
Chitra Devi Pandey ◽  
Manjusha Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Species Differentiation ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Simple Sequence

Abstract Morinda (Rubiaceae) is considerably recognized for its multiple uses viz. food, medicine, dyes, firewood, tools, oil, bio-sorbent etc. The molecular characterization of such an important plant would be very useful for its multifarious enhanced utilization. In the present study, 31 Morinda genotypes belonging to two different species Morinda citrifolia and Morinda tomentosa collected from different regions of India were investigated using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. Fifteen ISSR primers generated 176 bands with an average of 11.7 bands per primer, of which (90.34%) were polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphic bands, mean Nei’s gene diversity, mean Shannon’s information index in Morinda tomentosa and Morinda citrifolia was [(69.89%, 30.68%); (0.21 ± 0.19, 0.12 ± 0.20); (0.32 ± 0.27 0.17 ± 0.28)] respectively, revealing higher polymorphism and genetic diversity in Morinda tomentosa compared to Morinda citrifolia. Structure, and UPGMA cluster analysis placed the genotypes into well-defined separate clusters belonging to two species Morinda tomentosa and Morinda citrifolia revealing the utility of ISSR markers in species differentiation. Distinct ecotypes within a particular species could also be inferred emphasizing the collection and conservation of Morinda genotypes from different regions, in order to capture the overall diversity of respective species. Further higher diversity of M. tomentosa must be advanced for its utilization in nutraceutical, nutritional and other nonfood purposes.

scholarly journals Population genetics and diversity structure of an invasive earthworm in tropical and temperate pastures from Veracruz, Mexico

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 941 ◽  
pp. 49-69
Author(s):  
Diana Ortíz-Gamino ◽  
Josefat Gregorio ◽  
Luis Cunha ◽  
Esperanza Martínez-Romero ◽  
Carlos Fragoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
Temperate Pastures

Pontoscolex corethrurus (Müller, 1857) is an invasive tropical earthworm, globally distributed. It reproduces through parthenogenesis, which theoretically results in low genetic diversity. The analysis of the population structure of P. corethrurus using molecular markers may significantly contribute to understanding the ecology and reproductive system of this earthworm species. This work assessed the genetic diversity and population structure of P. corethrurus with 34 polymorphic inter simple sequence repeat markers, covering four populations in tropical and temperate pastures from Veracruz State. Nuclear markers distinguished two genetic clusters, probably corresponding to two distinct genetic lineages. The number of clones detected in the AC population was lower than expected for a parthenogenetic species. Also, the apparent lack of differences in population structures related to the geographic region among the populations studied may indicate that human-mediated transference is prevalent in these areas. Still, most individuals apparently belong to lineage A, and only a few individuals seem to belong to the lineage B. Thus, the admixture signatures found among the four populations of P. corethrurus may have facilitated a successful invasion by directly increasing fitness. In summary, addressing the genetic variation of P. corethrurus with ISSR markers was a suitable approach, as it evidenced the genetic diversity and relationships in the populations evaluated.

Comparative assessment of SCoT and ISSR markers for analysis of genetic diversity and population structure in some Aegilops tauschii Coss. accessions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Atefeh Nouri ◽  
Maryam Golabadi ◽  
Alireza Etminan ◽  
Abdolmajid Rezaei ◽  
Ali Ashraf Mehrabi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Aegilops Tauschii ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Start Codon ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
High Level ◽  
Effective Multiplex Ratio

Abstract Aegilops tauschii, the diploid progenitor of the wheat D-genome, is a valuable genetic resource for wheat breeders. In this study, we compared the efficiency of inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) (as an arbitrary technique) and start codon targeted (SCoT) (as a gene-targeting technique) markers in determining the genetic diversity and population structure of 90 accessions of Ae. tauschii. SCoT markers indicated the highest values for polymorphism information content, marker index and effective multiplex ratio compared to ISSR markers. The total genetic diversity (Ht) and genetic diversity within populations (Hs) parameters were comparably modest for the two marker systems. The results of the analysis of molecular variance showed that the genetic variation within populations was significantly higher than among them (ISSR: 92 versus 8%; SCoT: 88 versus 12%). Furthermore, SCoT markers discovered a high level of genetic differentiation among populations than ISSRs (0.19 versus 0.05), while the amount of gene flow detected by ISSR was higher than SCoT (2.13 versus 8.62). Cluster analysis and population structure of SCoT and ISSR data divided all investigated accessions into two and four main clusters, respectively. Our results revealed that SCoT and ISSR fingerprinting could be used to further molecular analysis in Ae. tauschii and other wild species. The high-genetic variability found in this study also indicates the valuable genetic potential present in the investigated Ae. tauschii germplasm, which could be utilized for future genetic analysis and linkage mapping in breeding programmes.

scholarly journals A comparative analysis of genetic diversity in Portuguese grape germplasm from ampelographic collections fit for quality wine production

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. e0712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaura Castro ◽  
Olinda Pinto-Carnide ◽  
Jesús M. Ortiz ◽  
Vanessa Ferreira ◽  
Juan P. Martín
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Rapd And Issr ◽  
Simple Sequence

Grapevine cultivars diversity is vast and full of synonyms and homonyms. Up to few decades ago characterization of grapevine was based on morphological characters. In the last decades, molecular markers were developed and have been used as tools to study genetic diversity in a range of different plant species. Fifty-six Portuguese accessions representative of ‘Vinhos Verdes’ and ‘Douro’ Controlled Designations of Origin (DOC) were analysed through DNA fingerprints generated by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR). The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of RAPD and ISSR molecular techniques in the detection of synonyms, homonyms and misnames. RAPD and ISSR analysis enabled the detection of 36 different band patterns, reducing in about 36% the initial material. Several accessions grown under different names, between and within collections, were confirmed as the same genotype, namely Gouveio/Verdelho, Sousão Douro/Vinhão and Arinto Oeste/Pedernã. Similarly, some homonyms/misnames were also identified, namely within Azal Tinto and Rabigato accessions. RAPD and ISSR markers revealed to be adequate molecular techniques for grapevine varieties fingerprinting with advantages over other molecular procedures, contributing for a good management of grapevine collections.

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