scholarly journals Detecting respiratory chain deficiency in osteoblasts of older patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hipps ◽  
Philip Dobson ◽  
Charlotte Warren ◽  
David McDonald ◽  
Andrew Fuller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Respiratory Chain ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Mutation ◽  
Human Osteoblasts ◽  
Dna Mutation ◽  
Respiratory Chain Deficiency ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cellular Dysfunction

Mitochondria contain their own genome which encodes 13 essential mitochondrial proteins and accumulates somatic variants at up to 10 times the rate of the nuclear genome. These mitochondrial genome variants lead to respiratory chain deficiency and cellular dysfunction. Work with the PolgAmut/PolgAmut mouse model, which has a high mitochondrial DNA mutation rate, showed enhanced levels of age related osteoporosis in affected mice along with respiratory chain deficiency in osteoblasts. To explore whether respiratory chain deficiency is also seen in human osteoblasts with age, we developed a protocol and analysis framework for imaging mass cytometry (IMC) in bone tissue sections to analyse osteoblasts in situ. We have demonstrated significant increases in complex I deficiency with age in human osteoblasts. This work is consistent with findings from the PolgAmut/PolgAmut mouse model and suggests that respiratory chain deficiency, as a consequence of the accumulation of age related mitochondrial DNA mutations, may have a significant role to play in the pathogenesis of human age related osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Genetic mosaic analysis of a deleterious mitochondrial DNA mutation in Drosophila reveals novel aspects of mitochondrial regulation and function

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 674-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Chen ◽  
Yun Qi ◽  
Stephanie French ◽  
Guofeng Zhang ◽  
Raúl Covian Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Mtdna Mutation ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Mutation ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Dna Mutation ◽  
Mtdna Mutations ◽  
Genetic Mosaic ◽  
Age Related

Various human diseases are associated with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations, but heteroplasmy—the coexistence of mutant and wild-type mtDNA—complicates their study. We previously isolated a temperature-lethal mtDNA mutation in Drosophila, mt:CoIT300I, which affects the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (CoI) locus. In the present study, we found that the decrease in cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity was ascribable to a temperature-dependent destabilization of cytochrome a heme. Consistently, the viability of homoplasmic flies at 29°C was fully restored by expressing an alternative oxidase, which specifically bypasses the cytochrome chains. Heteroplasmic flies are fully viable and were used to explore the age-related and tissue-specific phenotypes of mt:CoIT300I. The proportion of mt:CoIT300I genome remained constant in somatic tissues along the aging process, suggesting a lack of quality control mechanism to remove defective mitochondria containing a deleterious mtDNA mutation. Using a genetic scheme that expresses a mitochondrially targeted restriction enzyme to induce tissue-specific homoplasmy in heteroplasmic flies, we found that mt:CoIT300I homoplasmy in the eye caused severe neurodegeneration at 29°C. Degeneration was suppressed by improving mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake, suggesting that Ca2+ mishandling contributed to mt:CoIT300I pathogenesis. Our results demonstrate a novel approach for Drosophila mtDNA genetics and its application in modeling mtDNA diseases.

Mitochondrial DNA-related Disorders

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelangelo Mancuso ◽  
Massimiliano Filosto ◽  
Anna Choub ◽  
Marta Tentorio ◽  
Laura Broglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Respiratory Chain ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Mitochondrial Diseases ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain ◽  
Mitochondrial Genetics ◽  
Respiratory Chain Deficiency ◽  
Clinical Syndromes ◽  
Clinical Pictures

Mitochondrial diseases are a group of disorders due to a mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency. They may depend on mitochondrial genome (mtDNA-related disorders) as well as on a nuclear genome defect (nDNA-related disorders). mtDNA-related disorders encompass an increasing number of clinical pictures associated with more than 250 different provisional or confirmed pathogenic changes in mtDNA. Although some clinical syndromes are nosologically defined, most of the cases present with polymorphous phenotypes ranging from pure myopathy to multi-system involvement. Complexity of mitochondrial genetics is in part responsible for the extreme clinical intra- and inter-familial heterogeneity of this group of diseases. In this review, we briefly report an updated classification and overview the main clinical pictures of this class of diseases.

MELAS A3243G mitochondrial DNA mutation and age related maculopathy

2004 ◽  
Vol 138 (6) ◽  
pp. 1051-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Jones ◽  
Paul Mitchell ◽  
Jie Jin Wang ◽  
Carolyn Sue
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Mutation ◽  
Dna Mutation ◽  
Age Related

scholarly journals The mitochondrial DNA mutation T12297C affects a highly conserved nucleotide of tRNALeu(CUN) and is associated with dilated cardiomyopathy

2001 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizia Grasso ◽  
Marta Diegoli ◽  
Agnese Brega ◽  
Carlo Campana ◽  
Luigi Tavazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Mutation ◽  
Dna Mutation

scholarly journals Intramyocellular lipid excess in the mitochondrial disorder MELAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. e160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sailaja Golla ◽  
Jimin Ren ◽  
Craig R. Malloy ◽  
Juan M. Pascual
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Fat Metabolism ◽  
Mitochondrial Disorder ◽  
Scientific Investigation ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Lipid Deposition ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipid ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Mutation ◽  
Dna Mutation

Objective:There is a paucity of objective, quantifiable indicators of mitochondrial disease available for clinical and scientific investigation.Methods:To this end, we explore intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) accumulation noninvasively by 7T magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) as a reporter of metabolic dysfunction in MELAS (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes). We reasoned that mitochondrial dysfunction may impair muscle fat metabolism, resulting in lipid deposition (as is sometimes observed in biopsies), and that MRS is well suited to quantify these lipids.Results:In 10 MELAS participants and relatives, IMCL abundance correlates with percent mitochondrial DNA mutation abundance and with disease severity.Conclusions:These results indicate that IMCL accumulation is a novel potential disease hallmark in MELAS.

The A1555G mitochondrial DNA mutation in Greek patients with non-syndromic, sensorineural hearing loss

2009 ◽  
Vol 390 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haris Kokotas ◽  
Maria Grigoriadou ◽  
George S. Korres ◽  
Elisabeth Ferekidou ◽  
Eleftheria Papadopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Mutation ◽  
Dna Mutation

A deafness-associated mitochondrial DNA mutation altered the tRNASer(UCN) metabolism and mitochondrial function

Mitochondrion ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 370-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Xue ◽  
Yaru Chen ◽  
Xiaowen Tang ◽  
Juan Yao ◽  
Huimin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Mutation ◽  
Dna Mutation
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