scholarly journals Sexual risk among pregnant women at risk of HIV infection in Cape Town, South Africa: What does alcohol have to do with it?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Pearl Miller ◽  
Steven Shoptaw ◽  
Rufaro Mvududu ◽  
Nyiko Mashele ◽  
Thomas J Coates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Hiv Serostatus ◽  
Hiv Sexual Risk ◽  
Disorder Identification

This study examines associations between alcohol use and HIV sexual risk among a cohort of HIV-uninfected pregnant women (n=1201) residing in a high HIV burden community in South Africa. Alcohol use was measured using a modified version of the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). HIV sexual risk was measured through a composite variable of four risk factors: diagnosis with a STI, self-report of >1 recent sex partners, partner HIV serostatus (unknown or HIV+) and condomless sex at last sex. Any past year alcohol use prior to pregnancy was reported by half of participants (50%); 6.0% reported alcohol use during pregnancy. Alcohol use prior to pregnancy was associated with increased odds of being at high risk of HIV (aOR=1.33 for 2 risks and aOR=1.47 for 3 risks). In addition to reducing alcohol use, several other strategies to address HIV sexual risk in this population were identified.

scholarly journals Initial Feasibility and Acceptability of a Comprehensive Intervention for Methamphetamine-Using Pregnant Women in South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrée E. Jones ◽  
Bronwyn Myers ◽  
Kevin E. O’Grady ◽  
Stefan Gebhardt ◽  
Gerhard B. Theron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Methamphetamine Use ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hiv Sexual Risk ◽  
Gestational Age At Delivery

The purpose of the present study was to determine the feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy of a women-focused intervention addressing methamphetamine use and HIV sexual risk among pregnant women in Cape Town, South Africa. A two-group randomized pilot study was conducted, comparing a women-focused intervention for methamphetamine use and related sexual risk behaviors to a psychoeducational condition. Participants were pregnant women who used methamphetamine regularly, had unprotected sex in the prior month, and were HIV-negative. Primary maternal outcomes were methamphetamine use in the past 30 days, frequency of unprotected sexual acts in the past 30 days, and number of antenatal obstetrical appointments attended. Primary neonatal outcomes were length of hospital stay, birth weight, and gestational age at delivery. Of the 57 women initially potentially eligible, only 4 declined to participate. Of the 36 women who were eligible and enrolled, 92% completed all four intervention sessions. Women in both conditions significantly reduced their methamphetamine use and number of unprotected sex acts. Therefore, delivering comprehensive interventions to address methamphetamine use and HIV risk behaviors among methamphetamine-using pregnant women is feasible in South Africa. Further testing of these interventions is needed to address methamphetamine use in this vulnerable population.

scholarly journals Demographic, clinical and behavioural determinants of HIV serostatus non-disclosure to sex partners among HIV-infected pregnant women in the Eastern Cape, South Africa

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. e0181730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oladele Vincent Adeniyi ◽  
Anthony Idowu Ajayi ◽  
Nonkosi Selanto-Chairman ◽  
Daniel Ter Goon ◽  
Gerry Boon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Behavioural Determinants ◽  
Hiv Serostatus

Persönliche vs. computerbasierte Alkoholintervention für Krankenhauspatienten: Studiendesign

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 347-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennis Freyer-Adam ◽  
Sophie Baumann ◽  
Inga Schnuerer ◽  
Katja Haberecht ◽  
Ulrich John ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Disorder Identification

Zusammenfassung. Ziel: Persönliche Beratungen können bei stationären Krankenhauspatienten Alkoholkonsum und Mortalität reduzieren. Sie sind jedoch mit hohen Kosten verbunden, wenn aus Public-Health-Erfordernis viele Menschen einer Bevölkerung erreicht werden müssen. Computerbasierte Interventionen stellen eine Alternative dar. Jedoch ist ihre Wirksamkeit im Vergleich zu persönlichen Beratungen und im Allgemeinkrankenhaus noch unklar. Eine quasi-randomisierte Kontrollgruppenstudie „Die Bedeutung der Vermittlungsform für Alkoholinterventionen bei Allgemeinkrankenhauspatienten: Persönlich vs. Computerisiert“ soll dies untersuchen. Design und Methoden werden beschrieben. Methode: Über 18 Monate sind alle 18- bis 64-jährigen Patienten auf Stationen der Universitätsmedizin Greifswald mittels Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) zu screenen. Frauen/Männer mit AUDIT-Consumption ≥ 4/5 und AUDIT < 20 werden einer von drei Gruppen zugeordnet: persönliche Intervention (Beratungen zur Konsumreduktion), computerbasierte Intervention (individualisierte Rückmeldebriefe und Broschüren) und Kontrollgruppe. Beide Interventionen erfolgen im Krankenhaus sowie telefonisch bzw. postalisch nach 1 und 3 Monaten. In computergestützten Telefoninterviews nach 6, 12, 18 und 24 Monaten wird Alkoholkonsum erfragt. Schlussfolgerung: Das Studienvorhaben, sofern erfolgreich umgesetzt, ist geeignet die längerfristige Wirksamkeit einer persönlichen und computerbasierten Intervention im Vergleich zu untersuchen.

scholarly journals Correlates and Treatment Outcome of Risky Sexual Behaviour in Young Males with ADHD and Comorbid Alcohol Use Disorder: A Prospective Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
Shankar Kumar ◽  
Yamini Devendran ◽  
Madhumitha N. S. ◽  
Javagal Amith Thejas
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Inattention And Hyperactivity

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with risky sexual behavior (RSB). Alcohol use and high perceived stress in young adulthood contributes to this association. Previous studies have not found methylphenidate to reduce RSB in ADHD, as the population had comorbidities such as mood disorders and antisocial personality disorder. We aimed to study (a) the association of RSB with ADHD and severity of alcohol use among adolescents and young adult males with ADHD who had comorbid alcohol use disorder and (b) the effect of treatment of ADHD using methylphenidate on RSB in this population at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Methodology: The study had 31 participants who were selected by screening for RSBs using the sexual behavior section of the HIV Risk-taking Behavior Scale (HRBS) manual among a cohort of individuals with ADHD and early onset alcohol use. These individuals were also administered WHO ADHD self-report scale (ASRS), alcohol-use disorders identification test (AUDIT), perceived stress scale (PSS), and HRBS-sexual behavior section. They were then treated with methylphenidate and these assessments were repeated at 3 and 6 months. Results: Those having ADHD with RSB had higher total ADHD score ( P = .007) and inattention score ( p = .0001) than those without RSB. There was a significant correlation between the ADHD total score with alcohol-use severity ( r = 0.47), with RSB ( r = 0.34), and ADHD hyperactivity scores with alcohol-use severity ( r = 0.49) and with RSB ( r = 0.34). There was also a significant reduction of ADHD total, inattention and hyperactivity scores, alcohol-use severity scores, RSB and perceived stress scores with use of methylphenidate at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Multiple logistic regression predicted reduction in ADHD total scores to reduce RSB (odds ratio [OR] = 1.26, P = .01). Conclusion: RSB was associated with severity of ADHD and alcohol use. Methylphenidate not only reduced ADHD severity but also alcohol-use severity and RSB, whose reduction was predicted by reduction in ADHD severity.

scholarly journals Is Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) or Its Shorter Versions More Useful to Identify Risky Drinkers in a Chinese Population? A Diagnostic Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e0117721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin H. K. Yip ◽  
Roger Y. Chung ◽  
Vincent C. H. Chung ◽  
Jean Kim ◽  
Iris W. T. Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Disorder Identification

scholarly journals Raciocínio moral e uso abusivo de bebidas alcoólicas por adolescentes

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (42) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Melissa Lepre ◽  
Raul Aragão Martins
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Moral Judgement ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Disorder Identification

O uso abusivo de álcool por adolescentes é uma questão que preocupa os envolvidos com a educação, uma vez que as consequências desse fato podem gerar sérios prejuízos ao processo ensino-aprendizagem e ao adolescente que abusa. Com o objetivo de contribuir para o debate na busca de uma intervenção efetiva que possa ser utilizada, sobretudo nas escolas, procuramos detectar a possível relação entre uso abusivo de álcool e raciocínio moral. Para tanto, participaram alunos do ensino médio de uma escola pública, selecionados por meio da aplicação do AUDIT (The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test), que posteriormente foram entrevistados, conforme a Moral Judgement Interview (MJI) proposta por Kohlberg. Os resultados obtidos revelam níveis e estágios morais aquém dos esperados. Concluímos que a prevenção pode ser pensada por meio da Educação Moral como uma proposta de intervenção efetiva contra o uso abusivo de álcool e outras drogas.

Cognitive deficits in problematic drinkers with and without mild to borderline intellectual disability

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neomi van Duijvenbode ◽  
Robert Didden ◽  
Joanne EL VanDerNagel ◽  
Hubert PLM Korzilius ◽  
Rutger CME Engels
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Disorder Identification ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

We examined cognitive deficits in problematic drinkers with and without mild to borderline intellectual disability (MBID). Problematic drinkers were expected to show a significantly lower estimated performance IQ (PIQ), but not a lower estimated verbal IQ (VIQ), compared to light drinkers. Participants ( N = 474) were divided into four groups based on IQ and severity of alcohol use-related problems. IQ was estimated using (a short form of) the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale third edition. Severity of alcohol use-related problems was assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test. Overall, there were no significant differences between light and problematic drinkers on estimated VIQ. Within the group without MBID, estimated PIQ was significantly lower. Estimated PIQ was not lower in problematic drinkers with MBID compared to light drinkers with MBID. The results are indicative of cognitive deficits in problematic drinkers without MBID. Screening for cognitive deficits with additional instruments is advised.

scholarly journals Alcohol, harmful use and dependence: Assessment using the WHO Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test tool in a South Indian fishermen community

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palanivel Chinnakali ◽  
AManoj Kumar ◽  
Gomathi Ramaswamy ◽  
MarieGilbert Majella ◽  
Balaji Bharadwaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Test Tool ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Harmful Use ◽  
Disorder Identification

scholarly journals Fatores sociais e de saúde relacionados à gravidez na adolescência

2019 ◽  
pp. e988
Author(s):  
Joana Elisabeth de Sousa Martins Freitas ◽  
Matheus Gaspar de Miranda ◽  
Luma Goiana Pinto Simeão ◽  
Scarlet Frota Aguiar ◽  
Larissa Freire Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Disorder Identification

Objetivo: Relacionar características socioeconômicas, uso do fumo, do álcool e do comportamento sexual entre as adolescentes primíparas, primigestas e nulíparas. Métodos: Delineamento transversal controlado, analítico, realizado em unidades básicas, Teresina-PI. Amostragem de 105 adolescentes, 35 por grupo. Utilizado formulário para coleta de dados com variáveis socioeconômicas, tabagismo, comportamento sexual e Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test para identificação consumo de álcool. Resultados: Apresentou médias de idade (p=0,005) entre 16-17 anos, e escolaridade (p=0,007), 10-12 anos de estudo. As primíparas e primigestas apresentaram maiores frequências de vivência com companheiro (p<0,001), maior percentual sem ocupação, menor número de estudantes (p=0,003), maior frequência de mães com baixa escolaridade (p=0,022), pertencentes aos estratos econômicos C, D ou E, (p=0,009). As primíparas apresentaram frequências mais elevadas de fumantes ou ex-fumantes, uso nocivo de álcool, não utilização de preservativos na primeira relação e de relação nos últimos 12 meses (p=0,014), porém com maior uso do preservativo (p=0,126).  Conclusão: As primíparas e primigestas apresentaram condições socioeconômicas mais desfavoráveis.  As primigestas e nuligestas, menor exposição ao uso do fumo e álcool. Maior frequência de proteção na primeira relação sexual, mesmo assim caracterizando maior risco de saúde tanto para a mãe, como para o bebê.

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