How is Exercise Prescribed for Hemodialysis Patients? A Scoping Review Protocol

Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to describe how exercise has been prescribed for hemodialysis patients. Introduction: Exercise interventions have received more attention from the nephrology community in the last few years. Despite some limitations in the findings, there is currently robust evidence suggesting that exercise is clinically important and provides benefits to hemodialysis patients. Even so, there is little evidence precisely detailing and describing how exercise can be prescribed and delivered for this population. Inclusion criteria: Based on the PCC framework, we will review and include evidence from hemodialysis patients (Participants); describing exercise interventions (Concept); in all settings and designs (Context). The evidence that included any other kidney replacement therapy other than hemodialysis will be excluded. Methods: This review will follow the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and the PRISMA-ScR. We will perform a comprehensive literature search using MEDLINE, EMBASE, SPORTDiscuss, CINAHL, and LILACS databases without date or language restrictions from inception until December 2021. Websites, books, and guidelines from prominent societies and associations will also be searched. Experimental, quasi-experimental, observational, and protocol evidence from adults with chronic kidney disease (≥18 years) undergoing hemodialysis that prescribed exercise as an intervention will be considered. Two independent reviewers will screen title and abstract and perform the full-text review. Data extraction will be done by the main reviewer and checked by a second reviewer. Data characterizing the exercise interventions (e.g., type, setting, frequency, duration, intensity, volume, progression, periodization, professionals involved, etc.) will be extracted from selected evidence. The qualitative and quantitative results will be synthesized and presented in tables and figures along with a narrative summary.

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Clinical prediction models to diagnose neonatal sepsis: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039712 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. e039712

Author(s):

Samuel R Neal ◽

David Musorowegomo ◽

Hannah Gannon ◽

Mario Cortina Borja ◽

Michelle Heys ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Low Income ◽

Neonatal Sepsis ◽

Prediction Models ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Clinical Prediction ◽

Clinical Prediction Models ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

Review Protocol

IntroductionNeonatal sepsis is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diagnosis is often difficult due to non-specific clinical features and the unavailability of laboratory tests in many low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Clinical prediction models have the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy and rationalise antibiotic usage in neonatal units, which may result in reduced antimicrobial resistance and improved neonatal outcomes. In this paper, we outline our scoping review protocol to map the literature concerning clinical prediction models to diagnose neonatal sepsis. We aim to provide an overview of existing models and evidence underlying their use and compare prediction models between high-income countries and LMICs.Methods and analysisThe protocol was developed with reference to recommendations by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Searches will include six electronic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Global Index Medicus and the Cochrane Library) supplemented by hand searching of reference lists and citation analysis on included studies. No time period restrictions will be applied but only studies published in English or Spanish will be included. Screening and data extraction will be performed independently by two reviewers, with a third reviewer used to resolve conflicts. The results will be reported by narrative synthesis in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines.Ethics and disseminationThe nature of the scoping review methodology means that this study does not require ethical approval. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations, as well as through engagement with peers and relevant stakeholders.

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The messages presented in online electronic cigarette promotions and discussions: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018633 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. e018633 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kahlia McCausland ◽

Bruce Maycock ◽

Jonine Jancey

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Electronic Cigarette ◽

Flow Diagram ◽

Health Issues ◽

New Paradigm ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

Full Text Review ◽

Review Protocol

IntroductionElectronic cigarettes have become increasingly popular over the last 10 years. These devices represent a new paradigm for tobacco control offering smokers an opportunity to inhale nicotine without inhaling tobacco smoke. To date there are no definite conclusions regarding the safety and long-term health effects of electronic cigarettes; however, there is evidence that they are being marketed online as a healthier alternative to traditional cigarettes. This scoping review aims to identify and describe the breadth of messages (eg, health, smoking-cessation and price related claims) presented in online electronic cigarette promotions and discussions.Methods and analysisA scoping review will be undertaken adhering to the methodology outlined in The Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Scoping Reviews. Six key electronic databases will be searched to identify eligible studies. Studies must be published in English between 2007 and 2017, examine and/or analyse content captured from online electronic cigarette promotions or discussions and report results for electronic cigarettes separately to other forms of tobacco delivery. Studies will be screened initially by title and abstract, followed by full-text review. Results of the search strategy will be reported in a PRISMA flow diagram and presented in tabular form with accompanying narrative summary.Ethics and disseminationThe methodology consists of reviewing and collecting data from publicly available studies, and therefore does not require ethics approval. Results will be published in a peer reviewed journal and be presented at national/international conferences. Additionally, findings will be disseminated via social media and online platforms. Advocacy will be key to informing policy makers of regulatory and health issues that need to be addressed.Registration detailsThe review was registered prospectively with The Joanna Briggs Institute Systematic Reviews database.

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Current management of adults receiving oral anti-cancer medications: A scoping review protocol

HRB Open Research ◽

10.12688/hrbopenres.13208.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 7

Author(s):

Janice P. Richmond ◽

Mary Grace Kelly ◽

Alison Johnston ◽

Lisa Hynes ◽

Patrick J. Murphy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Reporting Quality ◽

Current Management ◽

Initial Stage ◽

Advanced Practitioner ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

Full Text Review ◽

Review Protocol ◽

Meta Analyses

Oncology has been undergoing a profound transition in the last ten years with the increased usage in oral anti-cancer medication. Approximately 25% of all anti-cancer medication is now designed for oral use and this is likely to increase prospectively. These treatments are convenient for patients and are often preferred by them, yet there are similar safety and toxicity concerns as there are to intravenous treatment. Oral anti-cancer medications (OAMs) have the potential to alleviate capacity issues in cancer treating units as patients receive their treatment at home, however there remains a requirement for safe and efficient assessment and care. Consequently, the management of patients on OAMs is of paramount importance. The optimum setting, whether within primary or secondary care, in addition to the appropriate health care professional to carry out patient assessment and monitoring needs to be established. This paper presents a protocol for a scoping review which aims to systematically and comprehensively map the literature on the current management of adults receiving OAMs. The review will follow the published guidance to direct the various steps involved. The protocol will be guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) framework to ensure methodological and reporting quality. Independent full text review will be performed by two reviewers and any disagreements resolved through discussion with a third reviewer. The process will be iterative in nature. This scoping review will provide a narrative synthesis and map the literature on the management of individuals receiving OAMs. This work is an appropriate initial stage in presenting the literature to inform the subsequent steps in a multi-phased research study which aims to establish and analyse the safety and efficacy of an integrated care model for the management of patients receiving OAM in the community by an advanced practitioner.

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Artificial Intelligence for Skin Cancer Detection: A Scoping Review (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.22934 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Abdulrahman Takiddin ◽

Jens Schneider ◽

Yin Yang ◽

Alaa Abd-Alrazaq ◽

Mowafa Househ

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Skin Cancer ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Performance Metrics ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Evaluation Metrics ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Computer Algorithms ◽

Scoping Reviews

BACKGROUND Skin cancer is the most common cancer type affecting humans. Traditional skin cancer diagnosis methods are costly, require a professional physician, and take time. Hence, to aid in diagnosing skin cancer, Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools are being used, including shallow and deep machine learning-based techniques that are trained to detect and classify skin cancer using computer algorithms and deep neural networks. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to identify and group the different types of AI-based technologies used to detect and classify skin cancer. The study also examines the reliability of the selected papers by studying the correlation between the dataset size and number of diagnostic classes with the performance metrics used to evaluate the models. METHODS We conducted a systematic search for articles using IEEE Xplore, ACM DL, and Ovid MEDLINE databases following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. The study included in this scoping review had to fulfill several selection criteria; to be specifically about skin cancer, detecting or classifying skin cancer, and using AI technologies. Study selection and data extraction were conducted by two reviewers independently. Extracted data were synthesized narratively, where studies were grouped based on the diagnostic AI techniques and their evaluation metrics. RESULTS We retrieved 906 papers from the 3 databases, but 53 studies were eligible for this review. While shallow techniques were used in 14 studies, deep techniques were utilized in 39 studies. The studies used accuracy (n=43/53), the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (n=5/53), sensitivity (n=3/53), and F1-score (n=2/53) to assess the proposed models. Studies that use smaller datasets and fewer diagnostic classes tend to have higher reported accuracy scores. CONCLUSIONS The adaptation of AI in the medical field facilitates the diagnosis process of skin cancer. However, the reliability of most AI tools is questionable since small datasets or low numbers of diagnostic classes are used. In addition, a direct comparison between methods is hindered by a varied use of different evaluation metrics and image types.

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Role of occupational therapy in musicians’ health: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040922 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. e040922

Author(s):

Bethany Villas ◽

Uira Duarte Wisnesky ◽

Sandra Campbell ◽

Lauren Slavik ◽

Amynah S. Mevawala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Occupational Therapy ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Study Selection ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

Review Protocol ◽

And Performance ◽

Meta Analyses

Review question/objectiveThe purpose of this proposed review is twofold: first, to understand the role of occupational therapy presented in the musicians’ health literature; and second, to explore the potential for this role.IntroductionThe intense movement, awkward postures, concentration and emotional communication required of musicians can place them at increased risk of music-related health conditions, such as musculoskeletal disorders and performance anxiety. The development of music-related health conditions can be emotionally and financially devastating. The role of occupational therapy in musicians’ health has been previously discussed; however, no rigorous reviews of the scholarly literature have been published. We will, therefore, undertake a scoping review with the following research questions: (1) what is known about the role of occupational therapy in instrumental musicians’ health? and (2) what is the potential role of occupational therapy in musicians’ health?Methods and analysisA preliminary search of Medline, CINAHL, SCOPUS and Web of Science was previously undertaken by the first author to determine the extent of the research on this topic and to confirm that no other reviews have been conducted or are in progress. Study selection and analysis will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews guidelines for conducting a scoping review.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethics approval is not required at our institution for a review of published literature. The results of this review will be shared through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and traditional and social media.

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Practice of Telehealth in Otolaryngology: A Scoping Review in the Era of COVID-19

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/01945998211013751 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 019459982110137

Author(s):

Joseph N. Gonzalez ◽

Lucas G. Axiotakis ◽

Victoria X. Yu ◽

David A. Gudis ◽

Jonathan B. Overdevest

Keyword(s):

Outcome Measures ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Medical Center ◽

Randomized Study ◽

Marked Change ◽

Policy Decision ◽

Columbia University ◽

Group Assignment ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

Full Text Review

Objective The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred widespread adoption and advancement in telehealth activities, representing a marked change in otolaryngology practice patterns. The present study undertakes a scoping review of research focused on telehealth in otolaryngology (teleotolaryngology) to identify key themes and commonly utilized outcome measures that will assist future development in this growing field. Data Sources PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases and reference review. Review Methods Per guidelines of the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, we performed database queries using a comprehensive search strategy developed in collaboration with research librarians at the Columbia University Irving Medical Center. We identified 596 unique references to undergo title and abstract review by 2 independent reviewers, leaving 439 studies for full-text review. Results We included 285 studies for extraction of notable findings, leaving 262 unique studies after accounting for content overlap. We identified core outcome measures, including patient and provider satisfaction, costs and benefits, quality of care, feasibility, and access to care. Publication volume increased markedly over time, though only 4% of studies incorporated randomized study group assignment. Using an iterative approach to thematic development, we organized article content across 5 main themes: (1) exploration of teleotolaryngology evolution, (2) role in virtual clinical encounters, (3) applications in interdisciplinary care and educational initiatives, (4) emerging and innovative technologies, and (5) barriers to implementation. Conclusion This scoping review of teleotolaryngology documents its evolution and identifies current use cases, limitations, and emerging applications, providing a foundation from which to build future studies, inform policy decision making, and facilitate implementation where appropriate.

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Instruments for measuring nursing research competence: a protocol for a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042325 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. e042325

Author(s):

Qirong Chen ◽

Chongmei Huang ◽

Aimee R Castro ◽

Siyuan Tang

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Target Population ◽

Measurement Properties ◽

Nursing Research ◽

Measurement Instruments ◽

Health Measurement ◽

Research Competence ◽

Scoping Reviews

IntroductionNursing research competence of nursing personnel has received much attention in recent years, as nursing has developed as both an independent academic discipline and an evidence-based practiing profession. Instruments for appraising nursing research competence are important, as they can be used to assess nursing research competence of the target population, showing changes of this variable over time and measuring the effectiveness of interventions for improving nursing research competence. There is a need to map the current state of the science of the instruments for nursing research competence, and to identify well validated and reliable instruments. This paper describes a protocol for a scoping review to identify, evaluate, compare and summarise the instruments designed to measure nursing research competence.Methods and analysisThe scoping review will be conducted following Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework and Levac et al’s additional recommendations for applying this framework. The scoping review will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. The protocol is registered through the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/ksh43/). Eight English databases and two Chinese databases will be searched between 1 December 2020 and 31 December 2020 to retrieve manuscripts which include instrument(s) of nursing research competence. The literature screening and data extraction will be conducted by two researchers, independently. A third researcher will be involved when consensus is needed. The COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments methodology will be used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies on measurement properties of the instruments, as well as the quality of all the instruments identified.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not needed. We will disseminate the findings through a conference focusing on nursing research competence and publication of the results in a peer-reviewed journal.

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Overview of current legislation, experiences and existing scenarios on allowing the sale of tobacco products only in tobacco stores: a scoping review protocol

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i16.21884 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (16) ◽

pp. e402101621884

Author(s):

Lucas Manoel da Silva Cabral ◽

Fernando Nagib Jardim ◽

Maria José Domingues da Silva Giongo ◽

Andréa Ramalho Reis Cardoso ◽

Maria Raquel Fernandes da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Passive Smoking ◽

Smoking Prevalence ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

Open Science ◽

Tobacco Products ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

Review Protocol ◽

Science Framework

This article presents the scoping review protocol on allowing the sale of tobacco products only in tobacco stores in Brazil. It is based on the hypothesis that limiting the sale of tobacco products only in tobacco shops would significantly prevent initiation and encourage cessation, thus reducing smoking prevalence and passive smoking in Brazil. The protocol aims to document the processes involved in the planning and methodological approach of an extensive scoping review, guided by Joanna Briggs Institute’s manual. The review protocol was prepared following PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. It was registered in the Open Science Framework.

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Irritant-Induced Chronic Cough Triggers: A Scoping Review and Clinical Checklist

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology ◽

10.1044/2021_ajslp-20-00362 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-31

Author(s):

Mary J. Sandage ◽

Elizabeth S. Ostwalt ◽

Lauren H. Allison ◽

Grace M. Cutchin ◽

Mariah E. Morton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Full Text ◽

Chronic Cough ◽

English Language ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Occupational Exposures ◽

Unique Contribution ◽

International Scope ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

Full Text Review

Purpose The primary aim of this review was to identify environmental irritants known to trigger chronic cough through the life span and develop a comprehensive clinically useful irritant checklist. Method A scoping review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews, checklist, and explanation. English-language, full-text resources were identified through Medline, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global. Results A total of 1,072 sources were retrieved; of these, 109 were duplicates. Titles of abstracts of 963 articles were screened, with 295 selected for full-text review. Using the exclusion and inclusion criteria listed, 236 articles were considered eligible and 214 different triggers were identified. Triggers were identified from North America, Europe, Africa, Asia, and Australia. Occupational exposures were also delineated. Conclusions A clinically useful checklist of both frequently encountered triggers and idiosyncratic or rare triggers was developed. The clinical checklist provides a unique contribution to streamline and standardize clinical assessment of irritant-induced chronic cough. The international scope of this review extends the usefulness of the clinical checklist to clinicians on most continents.

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Diagnosing Overtraining Syndrome: A Scoping Review

Sports Health A Multidisciplinary Approach ◽

10.1177/19417381211044739 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 194173812110447

Author(s):

Justin Carrard ◽

Anne-Catherine Rigort ◽

Christian Appenzeller-Herzog ◽

Flora Colledge ◽

Karsten Königstein ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Sports Medicine ◽

Female Athletes ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Exercise Tests ◽

Overtraining Syndrome ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

Study Characteristics

Context: Overtraining syndrome (OTS) is a condition characterized by a long-term performance decrement, which occurs after a persisting imbalance between training-related and nontraining-related load and recovery. Because of the lack of a gold standard diagnostic test, OTS remains a diagnosis of exclusion. Objective: To systematically review and map biomarkers and tools reported in the literature as potentially diagnostic for OTS. Data Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus were searched from database inception to February 4, 2021, and results screened for eligibility. Backward and forward citation tracking on eligible records were used to complement results of database searching. Study Selection: Studies including athletes with a likely OTS diagnosis, as defined by the European College of Sport Science and the American College of Sports Medicine, and reporting at least 1 biomarker or tool potentially diagnostic for OTS were deemed eligible. Study Design: Scoping review following the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Level of Evidence: Level 4. Data Extraction: Athletes’ population, criteria used to diagnose OTS, potentially diagnostic biomarkers and tools, as well as miscellaneous study characteristics were extracted. Results: The search yielded 5561 results, of which 39 met the eligibility criteria. Three diagnostic scores, namely the EROS-CLINICAL, EROS-SIMPLIFIED, and EROS-COMPLETE scores (EROS = Endocrine and Metabolic Responses on Overtraining Syndrome study), were identified. Additionally, basal hormone, neurotransmitter and other metabolite levels, hormonal responses to stimuli, psychological questionnaires, exercise tests, heart rate variability, electroencephalography, immunological and redox parameters, muscle structure, and body composition were reported as potentially diagnostic for OTS. Conclusion: Specific hormones, neurotransmitters, and metabolites, as well as psychological, electrocardiographic, electroencephalographic, and immunological patterns were identified as potentially diagnostic for OTS, reflecting its multisystemic nature. As exemplified by the EROS scores, combinations of these variables may be required to diagnose OTS. These scores must now be validated in larger samples and within female athletes.

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