scholarly journals Development of an effective immune response in adults with Down Syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Esparcia-Pinedo ◽  
Ayla Yarci-Carrion ◽  
Gloria Mateo-Jimenez ◽  
Noelia Ropero ◽  
Laura Gomez-Cabanas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Vaccine Administration ◽  
Effective Immune Response ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Humoral Responses ◽  
Specific Igg Antibodies ◽  
Sustained Increase

Immune dysregulation in individuals with Down syndrome (DS) leads to an increased risk for hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 and may impair the generation of protective immunity after vaccine administration. The cellular and humoral responses of 55 DS patients who received a complete SARS-CoV-2 vaccination regime at one to three (V1) and six (V2) months were characterised. SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes with a predominant Th1 phenotype were observed at V1, and increased at V2. Likewise, a sustained increase of SARS-CoV-2-specific circulating Tfh (cTfh) cells was observed one to three months after vaccine administration. Specific IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 S protein were detected in 96% and 98% of subjects at V1 and V2, respectively, though IgG titers decreased significantly between both timepoints.

scholarly journals Protective Immunity Induced by an Eimeria tenella Whole Sporozoite Vaccine Elicits Specific B-Cell Antigens

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1344
Author(s):  
Marco A. Juárez-Estrada ◽  
Amanda Gayosso-Vázquez ◽  
Guillermo Tellez-Isaias ◽  
Rogelio A. Alonso-Morales
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Eimeria Tenella ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Recognition Pattern ◽  
Life Cycle Stages ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Specific Igg Antibodies

This study investigated protection against Eimeria tenella following the vaccination of chicks with 5.3 × 106 E. tenella whole-sporozoites emulsified in the nanoparticle adjuvant IMS 1313 N VG Montanide™ (EtSz-IMS1313). One-day-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicks were subcutaneously injected in the neck with EtSz-IMS1313 on the 1st and 10th days of age. Acquired immunity was assayed through a challenge with 3 × 104 homologous sporulated oocysts at 21 days of age. The anticoccidial index (ACI) calculated for every group showed the effectiveness of EtSz-IMS1313 as a vaccine with an ACI of 186; the mock-injected control showed an ACI of 18 and the unimmunized, challenged control showed an ACI of −28. In a comparison assay, antibodies from rabbits and SPF birds immunized with EtSz-IMS1313 recognized almost the same polypeptides in the blotting of E. tenella sporozoites and merozoites. However, rabbit antisera showed the clearest recognition pattern. Polypeptides of 120, 105, 94, 70, 38, and 19 kDa from both E. tenella life cycle stages were the most strongly recognized by both animal species. The E. tenella zoite-specific IgG antibodies from the rabbits demonstrated the feasibility for successful B cell antigen identification.

scholarly journals A single dose, BCG-adjuvanted COVID-19 vaccine provides sterilising immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection

npj Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Counoupas ◽  
Matt D. Johansen ◽  
Alberto O. Stella ◽  
Duc H. Nguyen ◽  
Angela L. Ferguson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
High Titre ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Neutralising Antibodies ◽  
Bacille Calmette Guerin ◽  
Follicular Helper ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Specific Igg Antibodies

AbstractGlobal control of COVID-19 requires broadly accessible vaccines that are effective against SARS-CoV-2 variants. In this report, we exploit the immunostimulatory properties of bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), the existing tuberculosis vaccine, to deliver a vaccination regimen with potent SARS-CoV-2-specific protective immunity. Combination of BCG with a stabilised, trimeric form of SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen promoted rapid development of virus-specific IgG antibodies in the blood of vaccinated mice, that was further augmented by the addition of alum. This vaccine formulation, BCG:CoVac, induced high-titre SARS-CoV-2 neutralising antibodies (NAbs) and Th1-biased cytokine release by vaccine-specific T cells, which correlated with the early emergence of T follicular helper cells in local lymph nodes and heightened levels of antigen-specific plasma B cells after vaccination. Vaccination of K18-hACE2 mice with a single dose of BCG:CoVac almost completely abrogated disease after SARS-CoV-2 challenge, with minimal inflammation and no detectable virus in the lungs of infected animals. Boosting BCG:CoVac-primed mice with a heterologous vaccine further increased SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses, which effectively neutralised B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. These findings demonstrate the potential for BCG-based vaccination to protect against major SARS-CoV-2 variants circulating globally.

scholarly journals Endogenously Produced SARS-CoV-2 Specific IgG Antibodies May Have a Limited Impact on Clearing Nasal Shedding of Virus during Primary Infection in Humans

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 516
Author(s):  
Shuyi Yang ◽  
Keith R. Jerome ◽  
Alexander L. Greninger ◽  
Joshua T. Schiffer ◽  
Ashish Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Viral Clearance ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Specific Igg Antibodies

While SARS-CoV-2 specific neutralizing antibodies have been developed for therapeutic purposes, the specific viral triggers that drive the generation of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG and IgM antibodies remain only partially characterized. Moreover, it is unknown whether endogenously derived antibodies drive viral clearance that might result in mitigation of clinical severity during natural infection. We developed a series of non-linear mathematical models to investigate whether SARS-CoV-2 viral and antibody kinetics are coupled or governed by separate processes. Patients with severe disease had a higher production rate of IgG but not IgM antibodies. Maximal levels of both isotypes were governed by their production rate rather than different saturation levels between people. Our results suggest that an exponential surge in IgG levels occurs approximately 5–10 days after symptom onset with no requirement for continual antigenic stimulation. SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies appear to have limited to no effect on viral dynamics but may enhance viral clearance late during primary infection resulting from the binding effect of antibody to virus, rather than neutralization. In conclusion, SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies may play only a limited role in clearing infection from the nasal passages despite providing long-term immunity against infection following vaccination or prior infection.

P161 Kidney allograft outcomes associated with locus specific IgG antibodies to donor class I

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Rex Friedlander ◽  
Essa Abuhelaiqa ◽  
Prabhakar Putheti ◽  
Arvind K. Menon ◽  
Vijay K. Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Class I ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Kidney Allograft ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Specific Igg Antibodies

scholarly journals Total serum IgE and parasite: specific IgG and IgA antibodies in human strongyloidiasis

1993 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudio L. Rossi ◽  
Emilia E. H. Takahashi ◽  
Cláudia D. Partel ◽  
Lívia G.V.L. Teodoro ◽  
Luiz J. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Ige ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Specific Igg Antibodies

Total serum IgE, and Strongyloides - specific IgG and IgA antibodies were studied in 27 patients with parasitologically proven strongyloidiasis. Clinical manifestations in this case series were investigated by a restrospective study of the patient's records. Total serum IgE levels were elevated (greater than 250 IU/ml) in 59% of the patients (mean concentration = 1364 IU/ml). Parasite - specific IgG and IgA antibodies were detected by ELISA in the serum of 23 (85.2%) and 21 (77.8%) patients, respectively. Elevated serum IgE and clinical manifestations were not useful indexes of the presence of strongyloidiasis. On the other hand, our results support the view that serologic tests, particularly ELISA for detecting Strongyloides - specific IgG antibodies, can be usefully exploited for diagnostic purposes in strongyloidiasis.

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