Efficacy of Budesonide, Epinephrine and Salbutamol Inhalation for Treatment of Transient Tachypnea of Newborn: Prospective Controlled Study

Background: Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is a neonatal lung disease which has a picture of lung edema due to delayed resorption of lung fluids. It is commonly seen in full-term or late-preterm in­fants with an occurrence rate of 5.7 in 1,000 infants. The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of inhaled budesonide, epinephrine and salbutamol for treatment of TTN. Methods: This prospective controlled study was conducted on a100 full term neonates with presumed diagnosis of TTN. They were randomly assigned into four groups equally. Group I received nebulized budesonide, Group I received nebulized epinephrine, Group III received nebulized salbutamol and Group IV received nebulized normal saline. Results: Salbutamol significantly decreased respiratory rate and TTN clinical score, duration of respiratory support along with hospitalization time and helped with reaching full feeding earlier compared to other groups. Conclusions: Inhaled salbutamol significantly decreased TTN clinical score, shorter duration of respiratory support, hospitalization and earlier initiation of enteral feeding compared to placebo. Inhaled budesonide and epinephrine did not significantly reduce the duration of oxygen treatment, with no other significant effect on TTN.

The Role of Delivery Route on Colostrum Melatonin and Serum Il-6 Levels: a Prospective Controlled Study

Introduction the aim of this study was to determine whether maternal serum IL-6 and postnatal melatonin levels change with the mode of delivery. Materials and Methods a prospective controlled study was performed on pregnant women (17–43 years) over 37 weeks of pregnancy. Patients were divided into three groups according to the route of delivery: Group 1) 30 women delivering by vaginal route; Group 2) 30 delivering by iterative cesarean section (CS); Group 3) delivering by emergency CS. Maternal serum IL-6 levels were measured before and after delivery, and maternal colostrum melatonin levels after delivery, and the results between the 3 groups compared. Results pre-delivery and post-delivery maternal serum IL-6 levels were significantly higher in patients who delivered vaginally than in patients who delivered by the abdominal route (p<0.01). Maternal colostrum melatonin levels of patients after delivery were significantly higher in patients who delivered vaginally (32.88±7.16 ng/L) than in patients who delivered by elective and emergent cesarean deliveries (24.86±2.40 ng/L and 23.73±4.03 ng/L, respectively) (p<0.01). Conclusion These data support, should there ever be a further need, the benefit of vaginal delivery over cesarean section, in which cytokine and melatonin levels are reduced compared to vaginal delivery.

Isotretinoin, Acne and Depression: A Prospective Controlled Study

Introduction: Acne and isotretinoin, one of its treatment, have been linked to the occurrence of depression. Our aim was to study if isotretinoin is associated with depression in a sample of acne patients followed for 6 months comparing them with acne patients under other treatment modalities and control patients without acne. Methods: One hundred individuals were included: 50 controls and 50 with acne (24 using and 26 not using isotretinoin). Patients and controls answered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the 12 Item-Short Form Health Survey for quality of life (SF-12). Acne patients repeated this evaluation in 90 and 180 days. Results: No differences were found between controls and acne patients regarding BDI results but controls performed worse in the SF-12 mental domain (p=0.004). No differences were found within the acne group between those treated and not treated with isotretinoin in the comparison of the BDI and SF-12 (mental and physical domains) in days 0. 90 and 180 (all with p>0.05). Conclusion: In this small sample isotretinoin treatment showed to be safe regarding the occurrence of depression.