scholarly journals Soil bacterial biomass and diversity are affected by different furrow-ridge mulched management systems during potato continuous cropping

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weina Zhang ◽  
Shuhao Qin ◽  
Xuexue Xu ◽  
Junlian Zhang ◽  
Yuhui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
The Other ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Soil Bacterial

AbstractThe soil bacterial composition is vital for sustainable agriculture due to its importance in biogeochemical processes in the soil environment. Multiple management systems, such as different furrow-ridge mulched cropping systems, have been established to reduce the damage caused by continuous cropping of potato (Solanum tuberosumL.). However, little is known about the responses of soil bacterial biomass and diversity to these systems. In this study, six different ridge-furrow film planting patterns were tested in a 2-year continuous cropping potato field: flat plot without mulch (CK), flat plot with mulch (T1), on-ridge planting with full mulch (T2), on-furrow planting with full mulch (T3), on-ridge planting with half mulch (T4), and on-furrow planting with half mulch (T5). The soil physicochemical properties and bacterial composition were significantly affected by the planting pattern. Mulched soils, especially T2, maintained better soil physicochemical properties than controls. Fully mulched soil maintained higher bacterial biomass and diversity. Among the dominant genera, the abundances ofNitrosomonadaceaein T2 and T4 were higher than those in the other treatments. Consequently, compared with the other treatments, on-ridge with mulching patterns resulted in better soil physicochemical properties and high bacterial biomass and diversity, which could reduce the economic losses due to potato production by continuous cropping.

scholarly journals Impact of Different Barley-Based Cropping Systems on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Barley Growth under Conventional and Conservation Tillage Systems

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Muhammad Naeem ◽  
Noman Mehboob ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Shahid Farooq ◽  
Shahid Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Area Index

This two-year study observed the influence of various barley-based cropping systems on soil physicochemical properties, allometric traits and biomass production of barley sown under different tillage systems. Barley was cultivated in different cropping systems (CS), i.e., fallow-barley (fallow-B), maize-barley (maize-B), cotton-barley (cotton-B), mungbean-barley (mungbean-B) and sorghum-barley (sorghum-B) under zero tillage (ZT), minimum tillage (MT), strip tillage (ST), conventional tillage (CT) and bed-sowing (BS). Interaction between different CS and tillage systems (TS) positively influenced soil bulk density (BD), total porosity, available phosphorus (P), ammonical and nitrate nitrogen (NH4-N and NO3-N), available potassium (K), allometric traits and biomass production of barley. The highest soil BD along with lower total porosity were noted in ZT leading to lesser leaf area index (LAI), leaf area duration (LAD), specific leaf area (SLA), crop growth rate (CGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) of barley. Nonetheless, bed-sown barley produced the highest biomass due to better crop allometry and soil physical conditions. The highest postharvest soil available P, NH4-N, NO3-N, and K were recorded for zero-tilled barley, while BS followed by CT recorded the lowest nutrient contents. Barley in mungbean-B CS with BS produced the highest biomass, while the lowest biomass production was recorded for barely sown in fallow-B cropping system with ZT. In conclusion, barley sown after mungbean (mungbean-B cropping system) with BS seems a pragmatic choice for improving soil fertility and subsequently soil health.

scholarly journals Data on soil physicochemical properties and biodiversity from conventional, organic and organic mulch-based cropping systems.

Data in Brief ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 105718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Massaccesi ◽  
Gabriele Rondoni ◽  
Giacomo Tosti ◽  
Eric Conti ◽  
Marcello Guiducci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Organic Mulch

scholarly journals Dairy Effluent-Saturated Biochar Alters Microbial Communities and Enhances Bermudagrass Growth and Soil Fertility

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1794
Author(s):  
Sarbjeet Niraula ◽  
Yong-Keun Choi ◽  
Kristen Payne ◽  
James P. Muir ◽  
Eunsung Kan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Dairy Effluent ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
Amended Soil

Recently, biochar has been proposed for various agronomic applications including improved plant growth and soil fertility. In this study, the effects of dairy effluent-saturated (SBC) and unsaturated wood-derived biochar (UBC) on Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) growth, soil fertility and microbial communities were investigated in a greenhouse pot study. SBC and UBC were mixed with sandy loam soil at various loading rates (0, 1, 2, 4, and 8%) to grow Bermudagrass for 10 weeks. Soil physicochemical properties and plant growth measurements were taken, followed by 16S rRNA (V3-V4) amplicon sequencing of soil bacterial communities. Amendment of SBC to soil altered the soil physicochemical properties and increased the concentrations of N and P in the soil at 2 to 8% loading rates compared to UBC treated soil. The addition of SBC to soil also increased the overall plant biomass compared to UBC with more effects on aboveground biomass. Differential abundance analysis of taxa showed enrichment of Proteobacteria in UBC-amended soil, whereas Firmicutes and Nitrospirae were abundant in SBC-amended soil. Interestingly, enrichment of photosynthetic and N-fixing bacteria was observed in both SBC and UBC-amended soils after 10 weeks of treatments. However, oxidative phosphorylation and biotin metabolisms were found to be more abundant in SBC-amended soil compared to UBC-amended soil. Overall, our study suggested that amendment of SBC to soil resulted in enhanced soil nutrients, microbial capacity and Bermudagrass growth than that of UBC. Therefore, application of SBC to soil in field trials would be merited to identify sustainable and effective practices for enhancing plant growth, soil fertility and soil bacterial community.

scholarly journals No tillage and residue mulching method on bacterial community diversity regulation in a black soil region of Northeastern China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0256970
Author(s):  
Lijun Cai ◽  
Zhenhua Guo ◽  
Jingtao Zhang ◽  
Zhijia Gai ◽  
Jingqi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Sanjiang Plain ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Soil Bacterial Community ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
The Sanjiang Plain ◽  
Soil Bacterial

Soil microorganisms are important components of agricultural ecosystems; they are important in agricultural soil nutrient cycle and are easily affected by soil tillage. The response of soil microbial community to tillage is very complex, and the effect of the no tillage and residue mulching method on soil microbial diversity remains unclear. In 2019, the soil was collected from an experimental field after 10 years of continuous cultivation in the black soil area of the Sanjiang Plain in Northeastern China. In this study, the diversity and composition of the soil bacterial community and their relationship with soil properties were explored via high-throughput sequencing under no tillage with four residue mulching treatments. No tillage with 60% residue mulching (NTR3) significantly increased the alpha diversity of the rhizosphere soil bacteria and changed the composition of the bacterial community—consistent with changes in soil physicochemical properties. Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla in the sample soil. Soil physicochemical properties explained 80.6% of the changes in soil diversity and composition, of which soil organic carbon, soil pH, and soil temperature were the principal contributors. Our results suggest that no tillage and residue mulching is conducive to increasing soil organic carbon and soil nutrient content, which is a beneficial conservation tillage measure for black soil protection in Sanjiang Plain of Northeast China. The no tillage with residue mulching, especially 60% residue mulching, alters soil bacterial community and highlights the importance of soil physicochemical properties in shaping the diversity and composition of the soil bacterial community. Our findings contribute to a broad understanding of the effects of no tillage and residue mulching on bacterial community differences and provide a scientific basis for the optimization of no tillage measures and sustainable utilization of the black soil of the Sanjiang Plain in Northeastern China.

scholarly journals Impact of irrigated and non-irrigated cropping systems on soil physicochemical properties in a small-scale irrigation farming system in Eastern Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-319
Author(s):  
Issa Kaduyu ◽  
Patrick Musinguzi
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Small Scale Irrigation ◽  
Eastern Uganda ◽  
Irrigated Soils

This study evaluated the impact of irrigation and cropping on soil physicochemical properties at Kyekide small scale irrigation farm in Jinja district, eastern Uganda. Treatments included Land-use systems under perennial and annual cropping with and without irrigation for over 20 years. The hypothesis was that there were insignificant differences in physicochemical properties of the soil under irrigated and non-irrigated cropping systems. Soil physical properties except hydraulic conductivity was not significantly different with irrigation and cropping. The pH of the soils ranged from moderately acidic to neutral pH (5.17-7.40), with irrigated soils tending to be more neutral than non-irrigated soils. SOM content was higher in the irrigated soils and perennial soils than in the non-irrigated and annual soils. The soils were moderately deficient in N and severely deficient in P (mean values =0.175% N and 1.183mg kg-1 P) compared with the critical of 0.2% and 15 mg kg-1, respectively. Irrigated soils had a significantly higher Na+ content than non-irrigated soils, with a mean value of 2.985cmol/kg. The K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ contents were higher in irrigated and perennial soils than non-irrigated and annual soils. The study suggested monitoring the soils under an irrigation scheme to prevent degradation due to increased salt accumulation or chemical fertility decline. Overall, monitoring of soil quality is vital in irrigation schemes to monitor the impacts of water on the environment.

scholarly journals Impacts of replanting American ginseng on fungal assembly and abundance in response to disease outbreaks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ji ◽  
Lei Tian ◽  
Fahad Nasir ◽  
Jingjing Chang ◽  
Chunling Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
American Ginseng ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Panax Quinquefolium ◽  
Replant Disease

AbstractSoil physicochemical properties and fungal communities are pivotal factors for continuous cropping of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.). However, the response of soil physicochemical properties and fungal communities to replant disease of American ginseng has not yet been studied. High-throughput sequencing and soil physicochemical analyses were undertaken to investigate the difference of soil fungal communities and environmental driver factors in new and old ginseng fields; the extent of replant disease in old ginseng fields closely related to changes in soil properties and fungal communities was also determined. Results indicated that fungal communities in an old ginseng field were more sensitive to the soil environment than those in a new ginseng field, and fungal communities were mainly driven by soil organic matter (SOM), soil available phosphorus (AP), and available potassium (AK). Notably, healthy ginseng plants in new and old ginseng fields may influence fungal communities by actively recruiting potential disease suppressive fungal agents such as Amphinema, Cladophialophora, Cadophora, Mortierella, and Wilcoxina. When these key groups and members were depleted, suppressive agents in the soil possibly declined, increasing the abundance of pathogens. Soil used to grow American ginseng in the old ginseng field contained a variety of fungal pathogens, including Alternaria, Armillaria, Aphanoascus, Aspergillus, Setophoma, and Rhexocercosporidium. Additionally, micro-ecological factors affecting disease outbreaks in the old ginseng field included a strengthening in competition relationships, a weakening in cooperation relationships, and a change of trophic strategies among fungal communities.

scholarly journals Changes in soil physicochemical properties and bacterial communities among different soil depths after long-term straw mulching under a no-till system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zijun Zhou ◽  
Zengqiang Li ◽  
Kun Chen ◽  
Zhaoming Chen ◽  
Xiangzhong Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Abundance ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Straw Mulching ◽  
No Till ◽  
Relative Abundances ◽  
Soil Bacterial

Abstract. Conservation tillage has attracted increasing attention over recent decades, mainly due to its benefits in improving soil organic matter content and reducing soil erosion. Under intensive conventional tillage systems, some studies have focused on the responses of soil properties in the topsoil to straw retention. However, long-term straw mulching effects on soil physicochemical properties and bacterial communities among different soil depths under a no-till system are still obscure. One twelve-year experiment was conducted that included straw removal (CK) and straw mulching (SM) treatments. Soil samples were collected at 0–5, 5–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm soil depths. Most soil physicochemical properties and the relative abundances of bacterial phyla were varied with soil depth. Compared with CK, SM increased soil total nitrogen and organic carbon, available phosphorus and potassium, dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen, and water content. SM increased soil bacterial abundance but reduced the Shannon diversity of the bacterial community at 0–5 cm depth. SM increased the relative abundances of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Acidobacteria but reduced those of Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Cyanobacteria. SM had different effects on the relative abundances of some C- and N-cycling genera, for instance, increasing Rhodanobacter, Rhizomicrobium, and Terracidiphilus, and reducing Anaeromyxobacter, Mycobacterium, and Syntrophobacter. A principal coordinate analysis indicated that SM largely affected soil bacterial communities at topsoil depth. Soil pH and different nitrogen and organic carbon fractions were the major drivers shaping soil bacterial community. Overall, straw mulch is highly recommended for use under a no-till system because of its benefits to soil fertility and bacterial abundance. However, inorganic nitrogen fertilizer levels may be reduced under straw mulching to maintain or increase soil bacterial Shannon diversity in future studies.

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