scholarly journals Diversity and Life-cycle Analysis of Pacific Ocean Zooplankton by Videomicroscopy and DNA Barcoding. I. Cnidaria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Bryant ◽  
Timothy E. Arehart
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Putative Species ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Solid Substrates ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
The University

AbstractMost, but not all cnidarian species in the classes Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa and Anthozoa have a life cycle in which a colonial, asexually reproducing hydroid phase alternates with a free-swimming, sexually reproducing medusa phase that, in the hydrozoans, is usually microscopic. Hydrozoan medusae were collected by zooplankton tows in Newport Bay and the Pacific Ocean near Newport Beach, California, and hydroid colonies were collected from solid substrates in the same areas. Specimens were documented by videomicroscopy, preserved in ethanol, and sent to the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding at the University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada for DNA barcoding.Among the order Anthomedusae (athecate hydroids), DNA barcoding allowed for the discrimination between the medusae of eight putative species of Bougainvillia, and the hydroid stages were documented for two of these. The medusae of three putative species of Amphinema were identified, and the hydroid stages were identified for two of them. DNA barcodes were obtained from medusae of one species of Cladonema, one adult of the By-the wind Sailor, Velella Velella, five putative species of Corymorpha with the matching hydroid phase for one; and Coryne eximia, Turritopsis dohrnii and Turritopsis nutricula with the corresponding hydroid phases. The actinula larvae and hydroid for the pink-hearted hydroid Ectopleura crocea were identified and linked by DNA barcoding.Among the order Leptomedusae (thecate hydroids) medusae were identified for Clytia elsaeoswaldae, Clytia gracilis and Clytia sp. 701 AC and matched with the hydroid phases for the latter two species. Medusae were matched with the hydroid phases for two species of Obelia (including O. dichotoma) and Eucheilota bakeri. Obelia geniculata was collected as a single hydroid. DNA barcodes were obtained for hydroids of Orthopyxis everta and three other species of Orthopyxis.The medusa of one member of the family Solmarisidae, representing the order Narcomedusae, and one member (Liriope tetraphylla) of the order Trachymedusae were recognized as medusae.In the Scyphozoa, DNA barcoding confirmed the planktonic larval stage (ephyra) of the Moon Jelly, Aurelia aurita, the adult medusa of which is occasionally common in and around Newport Bay. In the Anthozoa, antipathula larvae were identified from the Onion Anemone, Paranthus rapiformis and a cerinula larva was identified from the Tube-dwelling Anemone, Isarachnanthus nocturnus. We have yet to find the adults of these species locally.

scholarly journals Large-Volume WOCE Radiocarbon Sampling in the Pacific Ocean

Radiocarbon ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minze Stuiver ◽  
H. G. Östlund ◽  
Robert M. Key ◽  
Paula J. Reimer
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
University Of Washington ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Comprehensive Data ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
University Of Miami ◽  
The University

At the University of Miami Tritium Laboratory and the University of Washington Quaternary Isotope Laboratory, more than 1000 large-volume Pacific Ocean radiocarbon samples were measured for the WOCE program. Here we present a comprehensive data set, and a brief discussion of our findings.

THE SPECIES AND NUMBER OF SYMBIOTIC PENICILLATE MILLIPEDS IN ARBOREAL ANT NESTS

1982 ◽  
Vol 114 (8) ◽  
pp. 767-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi Ishii ◽  
Hiroto Yamaoka
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Pinus Thunbergii ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Castanopsis Cuspidata ◽  
Ant Nests ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Family ◽  
Maritime Forest ◽  
Machilus Thunbergii ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

No reports have been published about symbiotic penicillate millipeds living in arboreal ant nests, though Donisthorpe (1927) reported those in edaphic ant nests. Therefore, we tried to determine the species and numbers of symbiotic penicillate millipeds in arboreal ant nests.An investigation of the symbiotic penicillate millipeds was conducted in both the maritime forest (Daphniphyllum teijsmannii Zoll., Pinus thunbergii Parl.) and the mountain forest (Machilus thunbergii Sieb. et Zucc., Castanopsis cuspidata Schottky var. sieboldii Nakai) on Miyakejima Island (about N 34°05′, E 139°30′) in the Pacific Ocean, 28 March 1980. As a result, we found symbiotic penicillate millipeds of the family Polyxenidae only in the maritime forest.

scholarly journals Diversity and Life-Cycle Analysis of Pacific Ocean Zooplankton by Videomicroscopy and Dna Barcoding: Crustacea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J Bryant ◽  
Timothy Arehart
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Molecular Taxonomy ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Small Element ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Life Cycle Stages ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Coi Sequences

Determining the DNA sequencing of a small element in the mitochondrial DNA (DNA barcoding) makes it possible to easily identify individuals of different larval stages of marine crustaceans without the need for laboratory rearing. It can also be used to construct taxonomic trees, although it is not yet clear to what extent this barcode-based taxonomy reflects more traditional morphological or molecular taxonomy. Collections of zooplankton were made using conventional plankton nets in Newport Bay and the Pacific Ocean near Newport Beach, California (Lat. 33.628342, Long. -117.927933) between May 2013 and January 2020, and individual crustacean specimens were documented by videomicroscopy. Adult crustaceans were collected from solid substrates in the same areas. Specimens were preserved in ethanol and sent to the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding at the University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada for sequencing of the COI DNA barcode. From 1042 specimens, 544 COI sequences were obtained falling into 199 Barcode Identification Numbers (BINs), of which 76 correspond to recognized species. The results show the utility of DNA barcoding for matching life-cycle stages as well as for documenting the diversity of this group of organisms.

scholarly journals Taro Planthopper Tarophagus colocasiae (Matsumura) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Delphacidae: Delphacinae)

EDIS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Tasi ◽  
Adam Dale
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Primary Host ◽  
Landscape Plants ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Sap Feeding ◽  
The Aesthetic

The taro planthopper, Tarophagus colocasiae (Matsumura), is a sap feeding insect in the family Delphacidae. It primary host plant is taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) Originally native to Southeast Asia, Indonesia, and islands in the Pacific Ocean, Tarophagus colocasiae was first discovered in the continental United States at a garden center in Winter Haven, FL in 2015. The economic impacts of Tarophagus colocasiae in Florida are currently unknown, but it may affect the aesthetic value and saleability of nursery and landscape plants. Also published on the Featured Creatures website at http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/orn/tarophagus_colocasiae.html

scholarly journals Stakelama pacifica gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Sphingomonadaceae isolated from the Pacific Ocean

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 2857-2861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuang Chen ◽  
Qiang Zheng ◽  
Ya-Nan Wang ◽  
Xiao-Jun Yan ◽  
Li-Kai Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Aerobic Bacterium ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
Central Pacific Ocean ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Family ◽  
Novel Genus And Species ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Ubiquinone 10

A Gram reaction-negative, weakly motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium designated strain JLT832T was isolated from surface water of the central Pacific Ocean and formed yellow colonies on rich organic (RO) medium. The strain was oxidase-negative and catalase-positive. Acid was produced from mannitol, glucose, sucrose, lactose, sorbitol, maltose, (+)-trehalose and d-fructose. No acid was produced from d-(+)-xylose. The major cellular fatty acids of strain JLT832T were C18 : 1 ω7c, C14 : 0 2-OH and C16 : 0. The major polar lipids were sphingoglycolipid, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. Ubiquinone-10 and spermidine were present as the major quinone and polyamine, respectively. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JLT832T was 66.0±0.5 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the new isolate formed a tight branch within the family Sphingomonadaceae but was clearly separate from established genera in this family. The sequence similarities between the new isolate and type strains of established genera ranged from 90.5 to 94.9 %. Based on these data, strain JLT832T constitutes a novel genus and species, for which the name Stakelama pacifica gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Stakelama pacifica is JLT832T (=CGMCC 1.7294T =LMG 24686T).

New records of Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) collected by R/V "Vityaz" from bathyal and abyssal depths of the Pacific Ocean

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2871 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELENA K. KUPRIYANOVA ◽  
JULIE BAILEY-BROCK ◽  
EIJIROH NISHI
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
New Records ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
The Common ◽  
Russian Research

The diversity of bathyal and abyssal marine organisms is still poorly known and this is especially true for tubicolous polychaetes of the family Serpulidae, the common inhabitants of subtidal and shelf locations. We report herein new records of poorly known deep-sea (mostly below 2000 m) serpulids collected in the Pacific Ocean by early Soviet Oceanographic expeditions onboard R/V “Vityaz”. The following species were found: Bathyditrupa hovei, Bathyvermilia challengeri, B eliasoni, B. zibrowiusi, Filogranula stellata, Hyalopomatus jirkovi, and H. sikorski at the depths of 1600–6330 m. Many samples collected by R/V “Vityaz” and other Russian research vessels are still unstudied and apparently many bathyal and abyssal serpulid species new to science remain undescribed. The diversity of abyssal marine organisms remains poorly known not only because of the obvious logistical difficulties in collecting at abyssal localities, but also in part due to the lack of taxonomic effort directed towards existing research collections.

scholarly journals STRAW (STRings for Absorption length in Water): pathfinder for a neutrino telescope in the deep Pacific Ocean

2019 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 06006
Author(s):  
Felix Henningsen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Neutrino Telescope ◽  
Detector Performance ◽  
Absorption Length ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
First Results ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Deep Site ◽  
The University

Recently, an opportunity for a pathfinder mission towards a new neutrino telescope appeared in the Pacific Ocean. An existing deep-sea electrooptical infrastructure maintained by Ocean Networks Canada could pose as the base towards a potential new large-volume neutrino telescope. Two groups from Technical University Munich and the University of Alberta pursued the optical characterization of the 2.6 km deep site calledCascada Basinwithin the scope of the “Strings for Absorption length in Water” (STRAW) project. We present a summary of the 1-year construction timeline, impressions of the detector performance and first results.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document