Momentum Spectra of Cosmic-Ray Mesons and Protons at Sea Level and 3.4-km Altitude

1952 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 940-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Whittemore ◽  
R. P. Shutt
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Momentum Spectra

The momentum spectra of cosmic-ray particles at sea level in the momentum range (0.05÷6) GeV/c

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. C. Allkofer ◽  
P. Knoblich
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Momentum Range ◽  
Momentum Spectra

Primary cosmic-ray nucleon spectrum from the sea-level muon spectrum using the scaling model

1979 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
A K Das ◽  
A K De
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Muon Spectrum ◽  
Scaling Model ◽  
Nucleon Spectrum

Neutron production by cosmic-ray particles at sea level and underground

1951 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 326-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Sard ◽  
M. F. Crouch ◽  
D. R. Jones ◽  
A. M. Conforto ◽  
B. F. Stearns
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Neutron Production

scholarly journals Observing the neutron component during thunderstorm activity at a mountain CR station

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Анна Луковникова ◽  
Anna Lukovnikova ◽  
Виктор Алешков ◽  
Viktor Aleshkov ◽  
Алексей Лысак ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Neutron Monitor ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Count Rate ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Thunderstorm Activity ◽  
Signal Discrimination ◽  
Lightning Discharges ◽  
Neutron Component

During three summer months in 2015, the Cosmic Ray (CR) station Irkutsk-3000, located at 3000 m above sea level, measured the CR neutron component intensity with the 6NM64 neutron monitor, as well as the atmospheric electric field strength and the level of electromagnetic interference during lightning discharges. It is shown that the level of electromagnetic interference, when registered during lightning discharges, depends considerably on the fixed level of signal discrimination. During observations, we observed no effects of thunderstorm discharges at the neutron monitor count rate at the CR station Irkutsk-3000.

Energy spectrum of cosmic-ray muons at sea level

1964 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1524-1540 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Miyake ◽  
V. S. Narasimham ◽  
P. V. Ramana Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Cosmic Ray

The Structure of Cosmic Ray Air Showers

1949 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
CBO Mohr
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Ionization Chambers ◽  
Single Chamber ◽  
Transition Effect ◽  
The Core ◽  
Rate Frequency

The structure of cosmic ray air showers at sea-level has been studied by an investigation of the burst rate frequency and the transition effect in lead, for cosmic ray bursts occurring simultaneously in two high-pressure ionization chambers with varying separation. Although extensive showers were responsible for all the coincidences observed with the larger chamber separations, they accounted for less than 3 per cent, of the bursts observed with a single chamber. Of the remaining 97 per cent., somewhat more than one-half appear to be due to nuclear disintegrations and the rest either to narrow showers of approximate radius 30 cm. or to the core of an extensive shower of low density. The extensive shower frequency was about 10 times that predicted by theory. The bearing of these results on present views of the origin and development of air showers is discussed.

scholarly journals Characterization of atmospheric muons at sea level using a cosmic ray telescope

2018 ◽  
Vol 903 ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Autran ◽  
D. Munteanu ◽  
T. Saad Saoud ◽  
S. Moindjie
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Cosmic Ray

Baryon production at LHC experiments: average pt of hyperons versus energy

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (13) ◽  
pp. 2050067
Author(s):  
Olga I. Piskounova
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
String Model ◽  
Baryon Production ◽  
Proton Antiproton ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
Momentum Spectra ◽  
Transverse Momentum Spectra ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Proton Proton Collisions

This paper examines the transverse momentum spectra of baryons in the multiparticle production at modern colliders in the frameworks of Quark–Gluon String Model (QGSM). It discusses: (i) the difference in [Formula: see text] hyperon spectra at proton–antiproton versus proton–proton reactions on previous colliders; (ii) the difference in hyperon spectra between the experiments on colliders of low energies and the results from modern machines; (iii) the growth of average transverse momenta of [Formula: see text] hyperon with the energies of proton–proton collisions up to [Formula: see text] TeV of LHC experiments. This analysis of baryon spectra led to the following conclusions. First, the fragmentation of antidiquark–diquark side of one-pomeron diagram makes the major contribution to baryon production spectra in the asymmetric [Formula: see text] reaction. Second, the average [Formula: see text]’s of hyperons in [Formula: see text] collisions steadily grow with energy in the range from [Formula: see text] GeV to 7 TeV. The additional conclusion is the following: since no dramatic changes have been seen in the characteristics of baryon production, the hadroproduction processes do not cause the “knee” in the cosmic ray proton spectra at the energies between Tevatron collider and LHC.

Sea level muon spectrum from pion and kaon spectra in the atmosphere

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (18) ◽  
pp. 1880-1883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deba Prasad Bhattacharyya
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Equation ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Muon Spectrum ◽  
Momentum Range ◽  
Type Distribution ◽  
Muon Momentum ◽  
Muon Intensity

The pion and kaon spectra in the top of the atmosphere have been derived from the satellite data of cosmic ray nucleons by using the Bose-type distribution of secondary mesons produced in the inclusive reactions p + p → π− + X and p + p → K− + X. The derived pion and kaon spectra follow the relations of the form π(Eπ) dEπ = 0.184Eπ−2.6 dEπ and K(Ek) dEk = 0.036 Ek−2.6 dEk. With the help of the diffusion equation for pions and kaons in the atmosphere, the sea level muon spectrum has been derived and the results have been compared with the magnetic spectrograph data of Allkofer, Carstensen, and Dau in the muon momentum range 15–1000 GeV/c. The sea level muon intensity arising from kaon parentage increases with energy.

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