Photosynthetic Activity of Chloroplasts Isolated From Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.), a Species With a High Photosynthetic Capacity

Radiata pine (Pinus radiata D.Don) and red beech (Nothofagus fusca (Hook. f.) Oerst.) were grown for over 1 year at elevated (ELEV, 64 Pa) and ambient (AMB, 38 Pa) CO2 partial pressure in open-top chambers. Springtime measurements of overwintering leaves showed that light- and CO2-saturated photosynthetic rates (Amax) of pine leaves were similar for the two treatments (AMB: 6.7 � 1.08 μmol m-2 s-1, mean � 1 s.e.; ELEV: 6.6 � 0.47) but, for beech leaves, Amax was greater for AMB plants (8.8 � 0.90 μmol m-2 s-1) than for ELEV plants (6.10 � 0.71). Summertime measurements of leaves grown that spring showed that for pine, Amax was similar in the two CO2 treatments (AMB 14.9 μmol m-2 s-1 � 0.80; ELEV: 13.5 � 1.9) while, for beech, Amax was higher in AMB plants (21.0 � 1.1) than in ELEV plants (17.2 � 1.9), although the difference was not statistically significant. These results indicate downregulation of photosynthetic capacity of beech but not pine. Vcmax did not differ between treatments within species, suggesting that there was no acclimation of rubisco activity. Triose phosphate utilisation limitation may have contributed to the downregulation of Amax in beech. For pine, photosynthesis at treatment CO2 partial pressures was greater in ELEV plants in both spring and summer. For beech measured at treatment CO2 partial pressures, photosynthesis was greater in ELEV plants in summer, but was similar between treatments in the springtime.

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Enhanced Relative Electron Transport Rate Contributes to Increased Photosynthetic Capacity in Autotetraploid Pak Choi

Plant and Cell Physiology ◽

10.1093/pcp/pcz238 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 61 (4) ◽

pp. 761-774 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Changwei Zhang ◽

Huiyu Wang ◽

Yuanyuan Xu ◽

Shuning Zhang ◽

Jianjun Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Transport ◽

Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽

Photosynthetic Activity ◽

Photosynthetic Capacity ◽

Electron Transport Rate ◽

Ectopic Expression ◽

Transport Rate ◽

Pak Choi ◽

Relative Electron Transport Rate ◽

Relative Electron

Abstract Autopolyploids often show growth advantages over their diploid progenitors because of their increased photosynthetic activity; however, the underlying molecular basis of such mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we aimed to characterize autotetraploid pak choi (Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis) at the physiological, cellular and molecular levels. Autotetraploid pak choi has thicker leaves than its diploid counterparts, with relatively larger intercellular spaces and cell size and greater grana thylakoid height. Photosynthetic data showed that the relative electron transport rate (rETR) was markedly higher in autotetraploid than in diploid pak choi. Transcriptomic data revealed that the expressions of genes involved in ‘photosynthesis’ biological process and ‘thylakoids’ cellular component were mainly regulated in autotetraploids. Overall, our findings suggested that the increased rETR in the thylakoids contributed to the increased photosynthetic capacity of autotetraploid leaves. Furthermore, we found that the enhanced rETR is associated with increased BrPetC expression, which is likely altered by histone modification. The ectopic expression of BrPetC in Arabidopsis thaliana led to increased rETR and biomass, which were decreased in BrPetC-silenced pak choi. Autotetraploid pak choi also shows altered hormone levels, which was likely responsible for the increased drought resistance and the impaired powdery mildew resistance of this lineage. Our findings further our understanding on how autotetraploidy provides growth advantages to plants.

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The half-life of the cytochrome bf complex in leaves of pea plants after transfer from moderately-high growth light to low light

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/fp16222 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 351 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hui Zhu ◽

Ling-Da Zeng ◽

Xiao-Ping Yi ◽

Chang-Lian Peng ◽

Wang-Feng Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Half Life ◽

Time Course ◽

Photosynthetic Capacity ◽

High Growth ◽

Limiting Factor ◽

Low Light ◽

High Photosynthetic Capacity ◽

Growth Irradiance ◽

The Difference ◽

Time Courses

The content of cytochrome (cyt) bf complex is the main rate-limiting factor that determines light- and CO2-saturated photosynthetic capacity. A study of the half-life of the cyt f content in leaves was conducted whereby Pisum sativum L. plants, grown in moderately high light (HL), were transferred to low light (LL). The cyt f content in fully-expanded leaves decreased steadily over the 2 weeks after the HL-to-LL transfer, whereas control leaves in HL retained their high contents. The difference between the time courses of HL-to-LL plants and control HL plants represents the time course of loss of cyt f content, with a half-life of 1.7 days, which is >3-fold shorter than that reported for tobacco leaves at constant growth irradiance using an RNA interference approach (Hojka et al. 2014). After transfer to LL (16 h photoperiod), pea plants were re-exposed to HL for 0, 1.5 h or 5 h during the otherwise LL photoperiod, but the cyt f content of fully-expanded leaves declined practically at the same rate regardless of whether HL was re-introduced for 0, 1.5 h or 5 h during each 16 h LL photoperiod. It appears that fully-expanded leaves, having matured under HL, were unable to increase their cyt f content when re-introduced to HL. These findings are relevant to any attempts to maintain a high photosynthetic capacity when the growth irradiance is temporarily decreased by shading or overcast weather.

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Photosynthetic activity, pigment composition and antioxidative response of two mustard (Brassica juncea) cultivars differing in photosynthetic capacity subjected to cadmium stress

Journal of Plant Physiology ◽

10.1016/j.jplph.2006.03.003 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 164 (5) ◽

pp. 601-610 ◽

Cited By ~ 296

Author(s):

Mohammad Mobin ◽

Nafees A. Khan

Keyword(s):

Brassica Juncea ◽

Photosynthetic Activity ◽

Photosynthetic Capacity ◽

Cadmium Stress ◽

Pigment Composition ◽

Antioxidative Response

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An improved procedure for the isolation of intact chloroplasts of high photosynthetic capacity

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj2320935a ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 232 (3) ◽

pp. 935-935

Author(s):

Z G Cerovic ◽

M Plesnicar

Keyword(s):

Photosynthetic Capacity ◽

High Photosynthetic Capacity ◽

Intact Chloroplasts

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Mechanism of High Photosynthetic Capacity in BC2F4 LinesDerived from a Cross between Oryza sativa and Wild Relatives O. rufipogon

Plant Production Science ◽

10.1626/pps.8.539 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 539-545 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Chisato Masumoto ◽

Takashige Ishii ◽

Tomoko Hatanaka ◽

Naotsugu Uchida

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Photosynthetic Capacity ◽

Wild Relatives ◽

High Photosynthetic Capacity

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Transient Heat Waves May Affect the Photosynthetic Capacity of Susceptible Wheat Genotypes Due to Insufficient Photosystem I Photoprotection

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants8080282 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 282 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Erik Chovancek ◽

Marek Zivcak ◽

Lenka Botyanszka ◽

Pavol Hauptvogel ◽

Xinghong Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Wave ◽

Photosystem I ◽

Photosynthetic Activity ◽

Photosynthetic Capacity ◽

Heat Waves ◽

Transparent Plastic ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Acceptor Side ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Photosynthetic Responses

We assessed the photosynthetic responses of eight wheat varieties in conditions of a simulated heat wave in a transparent plastic tunnel for one week. We found that high temperatures (up to 38 °C at midday and above 20 °C at night) had a negative effect on the photosynthetic functions of the plants and provided differentiation of genotypes through sensitivity to heat. Measurements of gas exchange showed that the simulated heat wave led to a 40% decrease in photosynthetic activity on average in comparison to the control, with an unequal recovery of individual genotypes after a release from stress. Our results indicate that the ability to recover after heat stress was associated with an efficient regulation of linear electron transport and the prevention of over-reduction in the acceptor side of photosystem I.

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