Element-selective charge density visualization of endohedral metallofullerenes using synchrotron X-ray multi-wavelength anomalous powder diffraction data

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachiko Maki ◽  
Eiji Nishibori ◽  
Daisuke Kawaguchi ◽  
Makoto Sakata ◽  
Masaki Takata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Rietveld Analysis ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Powder Diffraction Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Density Maps ◽  
Medium Resolution ◽  
Multi Wavelength

An algorithm for determining the element-selective charge density has been developed using the maximum entropy method (MEM), Rietveld analysis and synchrotron X-ray multi-wavelength anomalous powder diffraction data. This article describes in detail both experimental and analytical aspects of the developed method. A structural study of yttrium mono-metallofullerene, Y@C82, 1:1 co-crystallized with toluene using the present technique is reported in order to demonstrate the applicability of the method even when only medium resolution data are available (d> 1.32 Å). Element-selective MEM charge density maps, computed from synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data collected at three distinct wavelengths around the yttriumK-absorption edge (∼0.727 A), are employed for determining three crystallographic sites of the disordered yttrium.

scholarly journals Quantitative Phase Analysis of Skarn Rocks by the Rietveld Method Using X-ray Powder Diffraction Data

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 894
Author(s):  
Yana Tzvetanova ◽  
Ognyan Petrov ◽  
Thomas Kerestedjian ◽  
Mihail Tarassov
Keyword(s):  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Rietveld Method ◽  
Rietveld Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Phase Analysis ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Powder Diffraction Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Variable Chemical

The Rietveld method using X-ray powder diffraction data was applied to selected skarn samples for quantitative determination of the present minerals. The specimens include garnet, clinopyroxene–garnet, plagioclase–clinopyroxene–wollastonite–garnet, plagioclase–clinopyroxene–wollastonite, plagioclase–clinopyroxene–wollastonite–epidote, and plagioclase–clinopyroxene skarns. The rocks are coarse- to fine-grained and characterized by an uneven distribution of the constituent minerals. The traditional methods for quantitative analysis (point-counting and norm calculations) are not applicable for such inhomogeneous samples containing minerals with highly variable chemical compositions. Up to eight individual mineral phases have been measured in each sample. To obtain the mineral quantities in the skarn rocks preliminary optical microscopy and chemical investigation by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) were performed for the identification of some starting components for the Rietveld analysis and to make comparison with the Rietveld X-ray powder diffraction results. All of the refinements are acceptable, as can be judged by the standard indices of agreement and by the visual fits of the observed and calculated diffraction profiles. A good correlation between the refined mineral compositions and the data of the EPMA measurements was achieved.

Update in a Rietveld analysis program for x-ray powder spectro-diffractometry

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanan Xiao ◽  
Fujio Izumi ◽  
Timothy Graber ◽  
P. James Viccaro ◽  
Dale E. Wittmer
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Rietveld Analysis ◽  
Anomalous Scattering ◽  
Analysis Program ◽  
Powder Diffraction Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Synchrotron Light ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

A computer program for refining anomalous scattering factors using x-ray powder diffraction data was revised on the basis of the latest version of a versatile pattern-fitting system, RIETAN-2000. The effectiveness of the resulting program was confirmed by applying it to simulated and measured powder-diffraction patterns of Mn3O4 taken at a synchrotron light source.

scholarly journals RbCa2Nb3O10from X-ray powder data

2009 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. i44-i44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Hua Liang ◽  
Kai-Bin Tang ◽  
Qian-Wang Chen ◽  
Hua-Gui Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Perovskite Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rietveld Analysis ◽  
Powder Diffraction Data ◽  
X Ray

Rubidium dicalcium triniobate(V), RbCa2Nb3O10, has been synthesized by solid-state reaction and its crystal structure refined from X-ray powder diffraction data using Rietveld analysis. The compound is a three-layer perovskite Dion–Jacobson phase with the perovskite-like slabs derived by termination of the three-dimensional CaNbO3perovskite structure along theabplane. The rubidium ions (4/mmmsymmetry) are located in the interstitial space.

The layered monodiphosphate Li9Ga3(P2O7)3(PO4)2 refined from X-ray powder data

2006 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. i112-i113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Xuan Liu ◽  
Cheng-Xin Wang ◽  
Shu-Ming Luo ◽  
Jin-Xiao Mi
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Rietveld Analysis ◽  
Interstitial Space ◽  
Powder Diffraction Data ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
X Ray

Nonalithium trigallium(III) tris[pyrophosphate(V)] diphosphate(V), Li9Ga3(P2O7)3(PO4)2, has been synthesized by a hydrothermal method and its crystal structure solved from X-ray powder diffraction data using Rietveld analysis. The structure is based on separate layers parallel to (001), consisting of GaO6 octahedra that share corners with PO4 tetrahedra and P2O7 groups. The lithium ions are located in the interstitial space.

Structure Determination of Tl4V2O7 from Powder Diffraction Data using an Inel X-Ray PSD: Stereochemical Activity of Thallium(I) Lone Pair

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jouanneaux ◽  
O. Joubert ◽  
M. Evain ◽  
M. Ganne
Keyword(s):  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Lone Pair ◽  
Rietveld Analysis ◽  
Electrostatic Model ◽  
Fold Axis ◽  
Powder Diffraction Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Position Sensitive

AbstractThe crystal structure of Tl4V2O7 is solved ab-initio from powder diffraction data collected in Debye-Scherrer geometry using an Inel X-ray Position Sensitive Detector. The structure has been determined from Rietveld analysis in space group ml, Z = 1, with a = 5.9388(2)Å and c = 7.7322(3)Å. The structure of Tl4V2O7 is built up from isolated V2O7 groups aligned along the trigonal c axis. Thallium atoms alternate along a 3-fold axis. The presence of stereochemically active lone pairs is demonstrated and their positions are calculated using a self-consistent electrostatic model. The influence of sample absorption is briefly discussed and the results are compared with those obtained in Bragg-Brentano geometry using flat-plate specimen.

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