Developing a framework for the identification of criminogenic needs in offenders with intellectual disability and personality disorder: the Treatment Need Matrix

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Treatment Need ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Treatment Targets ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Criminogenic Needs ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The criminogenic needs and psychological vulnerabilities of offenders with intellectual disability (ID) has only recently received attention within the academic literature. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of an approach to identifying such needs in order to inform treatment planning and service delivery. Design/methodology/approach – The paper describes the methods employed to identify relevant psychological variables for this population, provides an overview of the framework and describes the practices employed to establish the relevance of a range of criminogenic needs. Findings – A range of psychological variables derived from a systematic literature review are presented in the context of an assessment framework. Research limitations/implications – The Treatment Need Matrix (TNM) is currently an experimental framework for identifying the needs of offenders with ID (and personality disorder (PD)). Further research is needed to establish the reliability and validity of the tool. Practical implications – The TNM offers clinicians a practical methodology for determining the significance of a range of psychological variables cited in the literature as relevant treatment targets for offenders with IDs. Originality/value – The specific criminogenic needs of offenders with ID (and PD) has received little attention within the academic and research communities. This paper offers a novel approach to the identification of relevant treatment targets for individuals with such difficulties.

Lessons from the front line: working with offenders with learning disability and personality disorder in a high secure therapeutic community

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Taylor ◽  
Sarah Trout
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Team Working ◽  
Team Functioning ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Insight Into

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the experiences of nursing staff providing a residential treatment programme for high risk offenders with an intellectual disability and personality disorder.Design/methodology/approachThe paper's approach is thematic analysis of focus groups, repeated measures EssenCES.FindingsNursing staff report increased insight into patients' risk factors, improved relationships with patients and enhanced team working.Practical implicationsThis descriptive paper will be of interest to clinicians working with offenders with intellectual disability and personality disorder. Improvements in team functioning may be of interest to managers.Originality/valueThere are few published papers concerning treatment approaches with offenders with intellectual disability and personality disorder. This paper fills some of the gaps.

A cell-based smoothed point interpolation method (CS-PIM) for 2D thermoelastic problems

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1249-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijun Liu ◽  
Guiyong Zhang ◽  
Huan Lu ◽  
Zhi Zong
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Convergence Results ◽  
Point Interpolation Method ◽  
Point Interpolation ◽  
Thermoelastic Problems ◽  
Gradient Smoothing ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Due to the strong reliance on element quality, there exist some inherent shortcomings of the traditional finite element method (FEM). The model of FEM behaves overly stiff, and the solutions of automated generated linear elements are generally of poor accuracy about especially gradient results. The proposed cell-based smoothed point interpolation method (CS-PIM) aims to improve the results accuracy of the thermoelastic problems via properly softening the overly-stiff stiffness. Design/methodology/approach This novel approach is based on the newly developed G space and weakened weak (w2) formulation, and of which shape functions are created using the point interpolation method and the cell-based gradient smoothing operation is conducted based on the linear triangular background cells. Findings Owing to the property of softened stiffness, the present method can generally achieve better accuracy and higher convergence results (especially for the temperature gradient and thermal stress solutions) than the FEM does by using the simplest linear triangular background cells, which has been examined by extensive numerical studies. Practical implications The CS-PIM is capable of producing more accurate results of temperature gradients as well as thermal stresses with the automated generated and unstructured background cells, which make it a better candidate for solving practical thermoelastic problems. Originality/value It is the first time that the novel CS-PIM was further developed for solving thermoelastic problems, which shows its tremendous potential for practical implications.

Want to reduce the bullwhip? Measure it. Here’s how

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Jin ◽  
Nicole DeHoratius ◽  
Glen Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Small Perturbation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Bullwhip Effect ◽  
End Users ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Beer Game ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The popular “beer game” illustrates the bullwhip effect where a small perturbation in downstream demand can create wild swings in upstream product flows. The purpose of this paper is to present a methodical framework to measure the bullwhip effect and evaluate its impact. Design/methodology/approach This paper illustrates a framework using SKU-level data from an industry-leading manufacturer, its distributors, end-users and suppliers. Findings Firms benefit from tracking multiple intra-firm bullwhips and from tracking bullwhips pertinent to specific products, specific suppliers and specific customers. The framework presented in this paper enables managers to pinpoint bullwhip sources and mitigate bullwhip effects. Research limitations/implications This paper presents a framework for methodically measuring and tracking intra-firm and inter-firm bullwhips. Practical implications A disconnect exists between what is known and taught regarding the bullwhip effect and how it is actually tracked and managed in practice. This paper aims to reduce this gap. For the various products analyzed herein, the authors show how using this framework has the potential to reduce delivered product cost by 2 to 15 per cent. Social implications Properly managing the bullwhip leads to lower inventories and potentially lower product prices while simultaneously increasing firm profits. Originality/value This paper presents a novel approach to systematically tracking intra-firm bullwhips along with bullwhips specific to a given supplier or customer.

Means-ends based know-how mapping

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 454-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnon Sturm ◽  
Daniel Gross ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Eric Yu
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Design Science ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Know How ◽  
Knowledge Domains ◽  
Prototype Tool ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report on research that aims to make knowledge, and in particular know-how, more easily accessible to both academic and industrial communities, as well as to the general public. The paper proposes a novel approach to map out know-how information, so all knowledge stakeholders are able to contribute to the knowledge and expertise accumulation, as well as using that knowledge for research and applying expertise to address problems. Design/methodology/approach This research followed a design science approach in which mapping of the know-how information was done by the research team and then tested with graduate students. During this research, the mapping approach was continuously evaluated and refined, and mapping guidelines and a prototype tool were developed. Findings Following an evaluation with graduate students, it was found that the know-how maps produced were easy to follow, allowed continuous evolution, facilitated easy modification through provided modularity capabilities, further supported reasoning about know-how and overall provided adequate expressiveness. Furthermore, we applied the approach with various domains and found that it was a good fit for its purpose across different knowledge domains. Practical implications This paper argues that mapping out know-how within research and industry communities can further improve resource (knowledge) utilization, reduce the phenomena of “re-inventing the wheel” and further create linkage across communities. Originality/value With the qualities mentioned above, know-how maps can both ease and support the increase of access to expert knowledge to various communities, and thus, promote re-use and expansion of knowledge for various purposes. Having an explicit representation of know-how further encourages innovation, as knowledge from various domains can be mapped, searched and reasoned, and gaps can be identified and filled.

“Give it a Try”: experiences of black, Asian and minority ethnic young men in a prison-based offender personality disorder service

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-26
Author(s):  
Stephanie Hunter ◽  
Eleanor Craig ◽  
Jake Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Minority Ethnic ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose Within the current offender personality disorder (OPD) pathway in the UK, black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) populations are underrepresented. Fewer BAME offenders are engaging with services despite being proportionately identified for inclusion and referred on to the pathway. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative study explored the experiences of 11 BAME men engaged in a prison-based OPD service for young offenders to identify the highlights and challenges of engagement within the service and to what extent they experienced a sense of inclusion/belonging. Findings Thematic analysis was used to identify three overarching themes and sub-themes. Why am I going to be an Outcast? describes the barriers to engagement encountered by the participants; and Give it a Try and Nothing but Respect describe the process of overcoming these barriers. Barriers revolved around the experiences of judgement, alienation and hopelessness. These were overcome through peer encouragement, developing relationships with staff and freedom to regulate levels of engagement. Practical implications Practice and policy implications are considered to support similar services in addressing the barriers to engagement faced by BAME individuals. Areas for future research are also recommended. Originality/value Currently, no research has directly explored the under-representation of young BAME offenders with emerging personality disorder in the OPD pathway. The findings provided an insight into some of the difficulties these young BAME offenders faced when accessing this service, alongside aspects which maintained their engagement.

scholarly journals Using mobile methods to understand multifaceted heritage organisations

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 1675-1691
Author(s):  
Jane Hamilton Johnstone ◽  
Derek Bryce ◽  
Matthew J. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Additional Insight ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Hospitality And Tourism ◽  
Mobile Methods ◽  
Informal Settings ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to evaluate the possibilities associated with go-along technique and other mobile qualitative methods augmenting other qualitative methods as a novel approach to developing understanding of multifaceted organisations. Design/methodology/approach The study explores the challenges associated with “static” qualitative methods for understanding multifaceted organisations and evaluates how a range of mobile methods can achieve a greater depth of analysis when researching complex hospitality and tourism settings. The paper uses an illustrative empirical case where mobile methods are used as part of a multi-method qualitative study exploring ancestral tourism in a large, heterogeneous tourism organisation. Findings This research highlights how mobile methods can service to: broaden the scope of interviews through introducing enhanced meaning and spontaneity; afford opportunity to explore and verify interview findings in informal settings; and widen participation in the study through ongoing recruitment of participants. Practical implications The authors identify implications for researchers working within hospitality and tourism who can gain additional insight by augmenting qualitative studies with mobile methods. Originality/value This paper identifies challenges in using more static qualitative methods when seeking understanding of complex, multifaceted tourism organisations where work activities are mobile and spatially dispersed. This research highlights the value of mobile methods in combination with other qualitative methods, to gain greater understanding of these organisations.

Extending the debate over entrepreneurial education effectiveness: the case of a Saudi university

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (7/8) ◽  
pp. 805-823
Author(s):  
Tahar Lazhar Ayed
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Entrepreneurial Education ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Culture ◽  
Mediator Role ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Significant Mediator ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis study aims to assess the effectiveness of entrepreneurial education (EE) through its impact on the predictor of behavior, which is entrepreneurial intention (EI), by studying the context of a Saudi university, in this case, Umm Al Qura University (UQU). The research theorizes a relationship between EE, innovativeness (INN) as a dimension of personality traits (PTs), and EI, mediated by entrepreneurial motivation (EM). Additionally, in this study, INN played a mediator role between EE and EI.Design/methodology/approachAll direct and indirect effects were tested using a quantitative approach. A sample of 240 undergraduate UQU students from different specialties was applied. UQU is witnessing an unprecedented movement that seeks to spread entrepreneurial culture throughout the educational system as a whole, following the recommendations of the Kingdom's 2030 vision.FindingsThe results indicate that EE and INN significantly predicted EI, though in an uneven manner. However, EM played a significant mediator role only between INN and EI. INN is a significant mediator in the relationship between EE and EI.Practical implicationsFuture entrepreneurs must learn how to think, communicate, solve problems, deal with failure and exploit new opportunities. However, the debate over the contribution of EE to entrepreneurs is continuing. All educators, government officials, members of society and others are involved in encouraging entrepreneurial initiative. They should consider and understand how to affect entrepreneurial feasibility and desirability.Originality/valueVariables included in the research model are not original; however, rarely in recent research works have psychological variables such as EM and INN been integrated into one model to explain the intention to enterprise business. This study provides a well-supported explanation of intention as a good predictor of entrepreneurial behavior that will be useful to all involved in encouraging potential entrepreneurs to succeed.

scholarly journals Building an integrated enhanced virtual research environment metadata catalogue

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 929-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Remy ◽  
Dragan Ivanović ◽  
Maria Theodoridou ◽  
Athina Kritsotaki ◽  
Paul Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Model ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Dublin Core ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Virtual Research Environment ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to boost multidisciplinary research by the building of an integrated catalogue or research assets metadata. Such an integrated catalogue should enable researchers to solve problems or analyse phenomena that require a view across several scientific domains. Design/methodology/approach There are two main approaches for integrating metadata catalogues provided by different e-science research infrastructures (e-RIs): centralised and distributed. The authors decided to implement a central metadata catalogue that describes, provides access to and records actions on the assets of a number of e-RIs participating in the system. The authors chose the CERIF data model for description of assets available via the integrated catalogue. Analysis of popular metadata formats used in e-RIs has been conducted, and mappings between popular formats and the CERIF data model have been defined using an XML-based tool for description and automatic execution of mappings. Findings An integrated catalogue of research assets metadata has been created. Metadata from e-RIs supporting Dublin Core, ISO 19139, DCAT-AP, EPOS-DCAT-AP, OIL-E and CKAN formats can be integrated into the catalogue. Metadata are stored in CERIF RDF in the integrated catalogue. A web portal for searching this catalogue has been implemented. Research limitations/implications Only five formats are supported at this moment. However, description of mappings between other source formats and the target CERIF format can be defined in the future using the 3M tool, an XML-based tool for describing X3ML mappings that can then be automatically executed on XML metadata records. The approach and best practices described in this paper can thus be applied in future mappings between other metadata formats. Practical implications The integrated catalogue is a part of the eVRE prototype, which is a result of the VRE4EIC H2020 project. Social implications The integrated catalogue should boost the performance of multi-disciplinary research; thus it has the potential to enhance the practice of data science and so contribute to an increasingly knowledge-based society. Originality/value A novel approach for creation of the integrated catalogue has been defined and implemented. The approach includes definition of mappings between various formats. Defined mappings are effective and shareable.

Edge controller – a small UAVs distributed avionics paradigm

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-236
Author(s):  
Svetoslav Zabunov ◽  
Roumen Nedkov
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Structure And Design

Purpose This paper aims to reveal the authors’ conceptual and experimental work on an innovative avionics paradigm for small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Design/methodology/approach This novel approach stipulates that, rather than being centralized at the autopilot, control of avionics devices is instead distributed among controllers – spread over the airframe span, in response to avionics devices’ natural location requirements. The latter controllers are herein referred to as edge controllers by the first author. Findings The edge controller manifests increased efficiency in a number of functions, some of which are unburdened from the autopilot. The edge controller establishes a new paradigm of structure and design of small UAVs avionics such that any functionality related to the periphery of the airframe is implemented in the controller. Research limitations/implications The research encompasses a workbench prototype testing on a breadboard, as the presented idea is a novel concept. Further, another test has been conducted with four controllers mounted on a quadcopter; results from the vertical attitude sustenance are disclosed herein. Practical implications The motivation behind developing this paradigm was the need to position certain avionics devices at different locations on the airframe. Due to their inherent functional requirements, most of these devices have hitherto been placed at the periphery of the aircraft construction. Originality/value The current paper describes the novel avionics paradigm, compares it to the standard approach and further reveals two experimental setups with testing results.

Aircraft flow angles calibration via observed-based wind estimation

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 1033-1038
Author(s):  
Francesco Schettini ◽  
Gianpietro Di Rito ◽  
Eugenio Denti
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Angle Of Attack ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Data Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Reference Measurements ◽  
Long Endurance ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to propose a novel approach, in which the reference data for the flow angles calibration are obtained by using measurements coming from an inertial navigation system and an air data sensor. Design/methodology/approach This is obtained by using the Kalman filter theory for the evaluation of the reference angle-of-attack and angle-of-sideslip. Findings The designed Kalman filter has been implemented in Matlab/Simulink and validated using flight data coming from two very different aircraft, the Piaggio Aerospace P1HH medium altitude long endurance unmanned aerial system and the Alenia-Aermacchi M346 Master™ transonic trainer. This paper illustrates some results where the filter satisfactory behaviour is verified by comparing the filter outputs with the data coming from high-accuracy nose-boom vanes. Practical implications The methodology aims to lower the calibration costs of the air data systems of an advanced aircraft. Originality/value The calibration of air-data systems for the evaluation of the flow angles is based on the availability of high-accuracy reference measurements of angle-of-attack and angle-of-sideslip. Typically, these are obtained by auxiliary sensors directly providing the reference angles (e.g. nose-boom vanes). The proposed methodology evaluates the reference angle-of-attack and angle-of-sideslip by analytically reconstructing them using calibrated airspeed measurements and inertial data.

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