Assessing public health risk factors for internally displaced households in North Darfur, Sudan

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elfadil Mohammed Mahmoud ◽  
Indraijt Pal ◽  
Mokbul Morshed Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Health Risk Factors ◽  
Public Health Risk ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Household Level ◽  
The Public

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the public health risk factors of internally displaced households and suggest appropriate measures and strategies for health risk reduction in the context of IDPs.Design/methodology/approachThe composite Index (CI) method was used to compare the public health risk factors at the household level in three IDP camps. A set of 22 indicators were studied in 326 households. Households were selected by using a two-stage cluster sampling technique.FindingsThe findings indicate that the Shangil Tobaya camp is at the highest risk for communicable diseases (63.6%) followed by Zamzam (52.4%) and Abu Shouk (42.7%) at the household level. Eight indicators appeared to have made differential impacts between Abu Shouk and Shangil Tobaya, these include: level of education, walking time to health facilities, water source, latrines type, safe disposal of child feces, frequency of visit by pregnant women to antenatal care services, place of delivery and women delivering their children with the help of skilled birth attendants.Research limitations/implicationsSince the selection criteria of the camps were predefined; there are variations in the number of samples between the camps. Therefore, the generalizability may be compromised.Social implicationsIncreased access to healthcare services particularly reproductive health services to the most vulnerable groups (women). Community involvement in services management to promote ownership.Originality/valueThe methods used in this study is original and flexible and can be replicated for other emergency areas and risks.

Prevalence of bovine and avian tuberculosis in camel herds and associated public health risk factors in Isiolo County, Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 937-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter O. Lamuka ◽  
Francis M. Njeruh ◽  
George C. Gitao ◽  
Joseph Matofari ◽  
Richard Bowen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Factors ◽  
Public Health Risk ◽  
Isiolo County

scholarly journals Public Health Risk Assessment Model (PH-RAM) for Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) camps – A case study of North Darfur, Sudan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elfadil Mohammed Mahmoud ◽  
Indrajit Pal ◽  
Haitham Bashier Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Public Health Risk ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Household Level

Abstract Background: Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in North Darfur of Sudan have been experiencing serious public health risks such as high prevalence rate, and outbreaks of communicable diseases. Public health risk assessment is complex as researchers engaged in disaster science and management use different quantitative models with different interpretations. The objective of the present study is to proposes methodology for developing Public Health Risk Assessment Model (PH-RAM) to quantify and conceptualizing public health risk as a function of hazard, vulnerability, and capacity.Methods: Household-level public health risk has been assessed integrating the three main component indices, hazard, vulnerability, and capacity, using primary data collected from households of the three IDP camps. Administered survey was performed in 326 households in three IDP camps (Shangil Tobaya, Zamzam, and Abu Shouk) using cluster sampling technique. Households were classified into four public health risk levels, i.e., low risk, moderate risk, high risk, and very high risk. Results: The result shows that the levels of public health risk varied significantly across households in three camps. Households of the Shangil Tobaya camp (in a rural area) were found to be the most vulnerable and the most at high risk to communicable diseases compared to other two camps because of insufficient health services, inadequate water, poor sanitation, and low level of income. The study recommended, mitigation and prevention measures to reduce the factors that are increased the vulnerability of the IDPs to health risks. Conclusions: Our study shows that the suggested PH-RAM could be served as household-level public health risk assessment tools in the context of IDPs at the local, national and regional levels.

scholarly journals Legal Analysis of Government Policy on Large Scale Social Restrictions in Handling Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-200
Author(s):  
Ratna Desinta Mega Kumala
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Risk Factors ◽  
Public Health Risk ◽  
Public Health Emergencies ◽  
Corona Virus

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a pandemic so prevention efforts need to be made to avoid an increase in cases. In the context of prevention efforts carried out the implementation of health quarantine as regulated in Act Number 6 of 2018 concerning Health Quarantine. The implementation of health quarantine is a joint responsibility of the Central Government and Regional Governments as a form of protection of public health from diseases and / or public health risk factors that have the potential to cause public health emergencies. Health quarantine is carried out through disease observation activities and public health risk factors for transportation, people, goods, and  or the environment, as well as responses to public health emergencies in the form of Health quarantine measures. One of the acts of health quarantine is in the form of large-scale social restrictions. The spread of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Indonesia is now increasing and expanding across regions and across countries accompanied by the number of cases and / or the number of deaths. The increase has an impact on political, economic, social, cultural, defense and security aspects, as well as the welfare of the people in Indonesia, so it is necessary to accelerate the handling of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the form of large-scale social restrictions in order to reduce the spread of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is expanding. 

Public Health Risk Environment for Bulgarian SMEs (Guest Houses and Family Hotels) in the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-102
Author(s):  
Teodora Kiryakova-Dineva ◽  
Ruska Bozhkova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Risk Environment ◽  
The South ◽  
Public Health Risk ◽  
The Public ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World

At a time of the global health pandemic, the most affected areas are economy and social life. Along with the practical limitations of travel, regarding personal security reasons and the objective risks for the environment, the world of tourism has changed. However, under the circumstances, some small accommodation units have managed to survive, like the Seamen between Scylla and Charybdis – the mythical situation. The purpose of this chapter is to delve into the public health risk environment for Bulgarian SMEs in tourism (guest houses and family hotels) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The extent of the analysis includes hotels and guest houses in the south-western part of Bulgaria that managed to keep operating despite the global pandemic situation.

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