The empirical study of executive compensation in China port and shipping listed companies based on the grey relational analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajia Chen ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Bin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Executive Compensation ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Grey System Theory ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Grey Correlation ◽  
Grey Correlation Analysis

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to find the key influence factors of executive compensation within China ports and listed shipping companies and provide some reasonable suggestions. Eventually, help to perfect the executive compensation evaluation mechanism against the background of new area. Design/methodology/approach – Grey correlation analysis is an important part of grey system theory. Professor Liu Sifeng further studies the relationship between two sequences absolute increment on the basis of Deng’s degree and put forward the “Grey absolute correlation degree,” which is widely used in practice. In the study, on the basis of the area of the line between sequences size, it measures the correlation degrees of firm performance, executive stock holding, continuous growth capacity and other relevant factors of executive payment in China ports and listed shipping companies. Findings – The paper concludes that the main factors influence CEO salary in China ports and listed shipping companies are return on equity and growth rate of fixed assets. However, the authors consider the frequent occurrence of executives’ corruption in China listed state-owned enterprise under the environment of financial and economic crisis, the authors argue that the significant influence of net assets attributed to shareholders cannot be ignored. In addition, cash flow in operating activities and executive stock holding both have relatively important effect on executive compensation. Research limitations/implications – This paper still has some limitations. First, it merely takes into account the financial indicators and ignores the influence of non-financial indicators to the performance evaluation of listed companies, such as: innovation ability, human capital and goodwill. Second, it has not considered the power consumption and other types of “invisible income” in the executive compensation structure, neither the influence of investing and financing activities on corporate performance. Consequently, these are likely to cause a certain deviation to the results of the study. Practical implications – The outcome obtained in this paper can be provided for China ports and listed shipping companies to establish a reasonable executive compensation evaluation and incentive mechanism under the background of depressed shipping market. Social implications – This paper intends to use correlation analysis between firm performance, executive stock holding, sustainability and executive compensation in the new area of time, tries to make a greater contribution to the major component of salary policy and then make some suggestions on incentive supervising and restraining mechanisms for the ports and listed shipping firms in China. Originality/value – Although scholars have done many studies about the association analysis of executive compensation and firm performance, they neglect the economic environment of industry. Meanwhile, considering the non-financial indicators and incomplete information, this paper studies the grey correlation analysis of executive compensation and influence factors in China ports and listed shipping firms under the background of the Chinese flagging shipping industry.

Grey Correlation Analysis Method and its Application in the Field of Engineering

2014 ◽  
Vol 631-632 ◽  
pp. 250-253
Author(s):  
Ying Wei
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Influence Factor ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Housing Price ◽  
Grey System Theory ◽  
Housing Construction ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Grey Correlation ◽  
Grey Correlation Analysis ◽  
Commercial Housing

Grey system theory has been applied widely in the fields of industry and engineering such as property industry. In this paper, we study the influence factors on the housing price of property industry, and present an influence factor analysis method based on the grey correlation analysis. Then this method is used to analyze the multiple influence factors on property industry such as GDP, population, the total amount of real estate investment, commercial housing construction area, completed commercial housing area, commercial housing sales area and urban per capita disposable income, then we conclude that the commercial housing sales area and commercial housing construction area are two main influence factors on housing price.

Effect of electrolysis parameters on corrosion resistance of extra-low carbon high silicon iron-based alloy

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Jun Xiao ◽  
Shaoguang Yang ◽  
Aimin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Silicon Iron ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Grey Correlation ◽  
Grey Correlation Analysis ◽  
Iron Based ◽  
High Silicon

Purpose High silicon iron-based alloys possess excellent corrosion resistance in certain specific media, but the effects of electrolysis parameters on corrosion resistance remain unknown. This study aims to guide the development and application of an extra-low carbon high silicon iron-based alloy (ECHSIA) in electrode plates. Design/methodology/approach The corrosion resistance of ECHSIA and a conventional high-silicon cast iron (CHSCI) was analyzed through experimental characterizations. The morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The influence of electrolysis parameters on the corrosion resistance of ECHSIA was investigated through corrosion experiments. The relationship between the electrolysis parameters and the corrosion resistance of ECHSIA was statistically investigated using the grey correlation analysis method. Findings The corrosion resistance of the ECHSIA is better than that of the CHSCI. The corrosion rate showed an increasing tendency with the increase in the nitric acid concentration (CHNO3), electrolyte temperature and current density. The grey correlation analysis results showed that the CHNO3 was the main factor affecting the corrosion rate of the ECHSIA. Originality/value An ECHSIA with a single ferrite microstructure was prepared. This study provides a guideline for the future development and application of ECHSIAs as electrode plates.

Cognition differences and improvement countermeasures of non-technical medical services based on grey correlation analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
Hangyu Liu ◽  
Saina Liu ◽  
Lizhong Duan ◽  
Chongxu Zhang ◽  
Lili Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Doctoral Degree ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Literature Analysis ◽  
Expert Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Grey Correlation ◽  
Grey Correlation Analysis

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the rationality differences of cognition of non-technical medical services in different groups, and to provide countermeasures for improving non-technical medical services. Design/methodology/approach Literature analysis, expert interviews, questionnaire survey and frequency analysis were taken to reveal the influencing factors of non-technical medical services. Grey correlation methods were taken to compare the rationality differences of cognition of non-technical medical services by analysis influencing factors’ scores marked by different groups. Findings A total of 12 influencing factors of non-technical medical services were obtained, including “doctor’s working career”, “doctor’s strict implementation of medical treatment norms and medication guidelines”, “doctor’s service awareness”, etc. And rationality differences of cognition of non-technical medical services were confirmed as follows: the doctors’ cognition was more reasonable compared with patients; the women’s cognition was more reasonable compared with men; the lower aged groups’ cognition was more reasonable compared with higher aged groups; and people with doctoral degree had a less reasonable cognition compared with others. Originality/value The authors systematically discussed the cognition differences of non-technical medical services among different people, and provided some countermeasures reasonably.

Land Value Evaluation of Real Estate Development Project Based on Grey Correlation Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 438-439 ◽  
pp. 1782-1785
Author(s):  
Wei Ran Wang ◽  
Yun Xiu Sai ◽  
Xing Fang
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Real Estate Development ◽  
Land Value ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Grey Correlation ◽  
Grey Correlation Analysis

The accuracy of land value directly affects the size of the project development profit in real estate development project, more will be related to the project success and failure. According to the characteristics of the real estate development, land prices in the mature real estate, on the basis of influence factors, the grey correlation analysis model is set up by using the value of developed successful plot, to estimate the land value, and combined with examples to provide a reference for scientific decision-making to real estate developers.

Discrimination for Bidders’ Parallel String Based on the AHP–Fuzzy

2014 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 2700-2704
Author(s):  
Qi Guo ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
Zhi Ding Chen
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Fuzzy Model ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Grey Correlation ◽  
Annual Output ◽  
Grey Correlation Analysis

Collusion behaviors in the market are divided into three types: rotation, price alliance and compensation bid. Constructing AHP-Fuzzy model evaluates bidders’ parallel string behaviors. It is judged with the aid of grey correlation analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Price correlation, price rationality and the annual output value rate of the total assets are taken as influence factors of comprehensive evaluation. Finally, an example proves the correctness and effectiveness of the model.

Using grey relational analysis to analyze influential factor of hand, foot and mouth disease in Shenzhen

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-206
Author(s):  
Xiaoyi He ◽  
Liping Li ◽  
Xiaojian Liu ◽  
Yongsheng Wu ◽  
Shujiang Mei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Grey Correlation ◽  
Grey Correlation Analysis ◽  
Environmental Air ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Purpose Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease in infants and children. HFMD has caused millions of cases and a large epidemic worldwide. A number of studies have shown that the incidence of HFMD is closely related to various factors such as meteorological factors, environmental air pollution factors and socio-economic factors. However, there are few studies that systematically consider the impact of various factors on the incidence of HFMD. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This study used grey correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) method to systematically analyse the impact of meteorological factors, health resource factors, socio-economic factors and environmental air pollution factors on the incidence of HFMD in Shenzhen. Findings The incidence of HFMD in Shenzhen was affected by multiple factors. Grey correlation analysis found eight influencing factors which are as follows: volume of industrial waste gas emission; the days of air quality equal to or above grade; the volume of industrial nitrogen oxide emission; precipitation; the mean air temperature; the gross domestic product; the expenditure for medical and health care; and the gross domestic product per capita. PCA found that the gross domestic product, the volume of industrial soot emission, the relative humidity, and the days of air quality equal to or above grade have a higher load value. Originality/value This study is the one of the first studies that apply the grey correlation analysis to analyse the influencing factors of HFMD in the English literature, which to some extent fills up the blank in this field.

scholarly journals How do executive pay and its gap with employee pay influence corporate performance? Evidence from Thailand tourism listed companies

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Ferry ◽  
Guanming He ◽  
Chang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Executive Compensation ◽  
Corporate Performance ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Executive Pay ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pay Gap ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe authors investigate how executive pay and its gap with employee pay influence the performance of Thailand tourism listed companies.Design/methodology/approachThe authors manually collect data on the executives' and employees' remunerations for Thailand tourism listed companies and use the data for the authors’ OLS regression analysis. To check the robustness of the results to potential endogeneity issues, the authors employ the two-stage least-squares regression analysis and the impact threshold for a confounding variable approach.FindingsThe authors find that short-term executive compensation enhances firm performance, and that long-term executive compensation reduces the likelihood of unfavorable corporate performance. The authors also find that the gap in short-term pay between executives and employees has an inverted-U relation with firm performance.Research limitations/implicationsThis study suggests that higher executive pay relative to employee pay could encourage executives to work hard to improve corporate performance, but that too large a pay gap between executives and employees could impair employees' morale and harm firm performance.Practical implicationsIt is important for tourism companies to not only pay executives well but also avoid too large a pay gap between executives and employees.Social implicationsThis study implies the important role of compensation design in contributing to employee engagement and good performance for tourism firms.Originality/valueThis study sheds light on agency problems between executives and employees in tourism companies and provides new evidence and insights on compensation research in the tourism sector in emerging markets.

scholarly journals Grey Correlation Analysis on Travel Modes and their Influence Factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 347-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Fang ◽  
Xinsheng Yao ◽  
Junqi Zhang ◽  
Meng Han
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Grey Correlation ◽  
Grey Correlation Analysis

Grey correlation analysis on the synergistic development between innovation-driven strategy and marine industrial agglomeration: based on China's coastal provinces

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Xu ◽  
Qingde Yue ◽  
Binbin Lu
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Industrial Agglomeration ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Original Algorithm ◽  
Grey Correlation ◽  
Correlation Degree ◽  
Grey Correlation Analysis ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy is of practical significance for improving the quality and efficiency of economic growth and accelerating the transformation of economic development mode. The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of innovation-driven strategies on marine industry agglomeration and industrial transformation.Design/methodology/approachIn traditional grey correlation analysis, when the positive and negative areas cancel each other out during the integration process, the calculation result of the correlation degree is often inconsistent with the qualitative analysis. For this reason, from the perspective of curve similarity, this paper constructs two response curves through the relative change area of the two curves and the relative area change ratio of similar degree, thus constructing an improved grey relational model.FindingsThe authors find that the innovation investment has a better correlation with marine industrial agglomeration. It also found that Guangdong Province has the highest degree of correlation between innovation indicators and marine industrial agglomeration. Much beyond the authors’ expectation, in the areas where marine industrial agglomeration is high, the synergistic effect is not obvious by using the location entropy method.Originality/valueThe improved grey correlation analysis method can effectively overcome the phenomenon that the positive and negative areas cancel each other in the integration process of the original algorithm, and it can also effectively measure the negative correlation between variables. This paper explores the impact of innovation drive on the agglomeration of marine industries, which is of great significance to the sustainable development of marine economy.

Grey Correlation Analysis of Sensitive Factors of Concrete Structures Durability

2008 ◽  
Vol 400-402 ◽  
pp. 471-476
Author(s):  
Jian Xin Liu ◽  
Ben Liang Liang
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Grey Correlation ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Durability Design ◽  
Grey Correlation Analysis ◽  
Correlation Analysis Method ◽  
Grey Correlation Theory

Concrete structures durability is affected by a number of factors which have different sensitivity. According to level of sensitivity classified the influence factors could promote concrete structures durability design. The disadvantage of traditional methods of sensitivity analysis in concrete structures durability is the larger number of samples. The grey correlation theory was used to analyze the degree of the sensitivity of the influence factors and comparison with traditional methods of calculation. The results show that the grey correlation analysis method could quantify the levels of the sensitive factors and with higher reliability. A new way to study the durability of concrete structures was provided.

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