Enhanced RSA key encryption application for metering data in smart grid

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Philips ◽  
Jayakumar Jayaraj ◽  
Josh F.T. ◽  
Venkateshkumar P.
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Prime Numbers ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Smart Meter ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Efficient Energy ◽  
Low Level

Purpose Digitizing of the electrical power grid promotes the advantages of efficient energy management alongside the possibilities of major vulnerabilities. A typical inadequacy that needs critical attention to ensure the seamless operation of the smart grid system remains in the data transmission between consumer premises smart devices and the utility centres. Many researches aim at establishing security protocols to ensure secure and efficient energy management resulting in perfect demand–supply balance. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the authentication of the smart meter data has been proposed with enhanced Rivest–Shamir–Adleman (RSA) key encryption using an efficient way of generating large prime numbers. The trapdoor one-way function applied in the RSA algorithm makes it almost impossible for the reverse engineering attempts of cracking the key pair. Findings The algorithm for generating prime numbers has been tested both with the convention method and with the enhanced method of including a low-level primality test with a first few hundred primes. The combination of low-level and high-level primality tests shows an improvement in execution time of the algorithm. Originality/value There is a considerable improvement in the time complexities when using the combination method. This efficient generation of prime numbers can be successfully applied to the smart meter systems, thereby increasing the strength and speed of the key encryption.

scholarly journals Efficient Energy Management for a Proposed Integrated Internet of Things-Electric Smart Meter (2IOT-ESM) System

2022 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-121
Author(s):  
Maha Yousif Hasan ◽  
Dheyaa Jasim Kadhim
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Smart Meter ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Efficient Energy ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Energy Theft ◽  
Internet Of Thing

In this work, an efficient energy management (EEM) approach is proposed to merge IoT technology to enhance electric smart meters by working together to satisfy the best result of the electricity customer's consumption. This proposed system is called an integrated Internet of things for electrical smart meter (2IOT-ESM) architecture. The electric smart meter (ESM) is the first and most important technique used to measure the active power, current, and energy consumption for the house’s loads. At the same time, the effectiveness of this work includes equipping ESM with an additional storage capacity that ensures that the measurements are not lost in the event of a failure or sudden outage in WiFi network. Then then these measurements are sent using the internet of thing (IoT) technology to Google Firebase cloud, where the electric consumer's service center is located to store, analyze the measured data, and detect cases of energy penetration when it exceeds 53  and the cases of the electrical energy theft if any below 20  and then take the appropriate decision about it. Finally, an electric smart metering application (ESM-app) is designed and implemented to read and pull data information from the Google firebase cloud and then send the electric bill to the end consumer, and sending alert messages to the thieves and electrical power hackers to prohibit them if something wrong has detected. In this work, an efficient energy management (EEM) approach is proposed to merge IoT technology to enhance electric smart meters by working together to satisfy the best result of the electricity customer's consumption. This proposed system is called an integrated Internet of things for electrical smart meter (2IOT-ESM) architecture. The electric smart meter (ESM) is the first and most important technique used to measure the active power, current, and energy consumption for the house’s loads. At the same time, the effectiveness of this work includes equipping ESM with an additional storage capacity that ensures that the measurements are not lost in the event of a failure or sudden outage in WiFi network. Then then these measurements are sent using the internet of thing (IoT) technology to Google Firebase cloud, where the electric consumer's service center is located to store, analyze the measured data, and detect cases of energy penetration when it exceeds 53  and the cases of the electrical energy theft if any below 20  and then take the appropriate decision about it. Finally, an electric smart metering application (ESM-app) is designed and implemented to read and pull data information from the Google firebase cloud and then send the electric bill to the end consumer, and sending alert messages to the thieves and electrical power hackers to prohibit them if something wrong has detected.

scholarly journals Enhanced ID-Based Authentication Scheme Using OTP in Smart Grid AMI Environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sang-Soo Yeo ◽  
Dae-il Park ◽  
Young-Ae Jung
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Authentication Scheme ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Smart Meter ◽  
Forward Secrecy ◽  
Hardware Specification ◽  
At Home

This paper presents the vulnerabilities analyses of KL scheme which is an ID-based authentication scheme for AMI network attached SCADA in smart grid and proposes a security-enhanced authentication scheme which satisfies forward secrecy as well as security requirements introduced in KL scheme and also other existing schemes. The proposed scheme uses MDMS which is the supervising system located in an electrical company as a time-synchronizing server in order to synchronize smart devices at home and conducts authentication between smart meter and smart devices using a new secret value generated by an OTP generator every session. The proposed scheme has forward secrecy, so it increases overall security, but its communication and computation overhead reduce its performance slightly, comparing the existing schemes. Nonetheless, hardware specification and communication bandwidth of smart devices will have better conditions continuously, so the proposed scheme would be a good choice for secure AMI environment.

scholarly journals Application of Spritz Encryption in Smart Meters to Protect Consumer Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lincoln Kamau Kiarie ◽  
Philip Kibet Langat ◽  
Christopher Maina Muriithi
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Smart Meter ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Privacy Leakage ◽  
Consumer Data ◽  
And Control

The ongoing upgrade of the electrical power system into a more powerful system known as Smart Grid has both benefits and costs. Smart Grid relies on advanced communication and hence offers better services through improved monitoring, planning, and control. However, enhanced communications make Smart Grid more susceptible to privacy leaks and cyber attacks. Small meters collect detailed consumer data, such as power consumption, which can then become a major source of privacy leakage. Encryption can help protect consumer data, but great care is needed. The popular RC4 (Rivest Cipher 4) encryption has been implemented in the widely deployed smart meter standard—Open Smart Grid Protocol (OSGP)—but has been shown to have major weaknesses. This paper proposes the use of Spritz encryption. Spritz is an RC4-like algorithm designed to repair weak design decisions in RC4 to improve security. A test on performing one encryption took only 0.85 milliseconds, showing that it is fast enough not to affect the operations of a smart meter. Its ability to withstand brute force attacks on small keys is also significantly greater than RC4’s ability.

Decentralized Energy Management System Enhancement for Smart Grid

2021 ◽  
pp. 156-169
Author(s):  
Hadjira Belaidi ◽  
Zakaria Rabiai
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Management System ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Energy Management System ◽  
Energy Management Systems ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Decentralized Energy

In these last decades, electrical power grids become more intelligent. Hence, sophisticated software and hardware were introduced to the power grid, which makes it a smart grid. This chapter is an introduction on smart-grid technology; thus, microgrids are explained, and the use of multiagent system in centralized/decentralized energy management systems are discussed and compared. Smart agents are an emerging technology for decentralized computation and data storage. Hence, in this chapter, decentralized energy management system is created basing on multi-agent system technique where sources and loads are considered as separated agents each of them. After that, these sources and load create a microgrid and each microgrid can be considered as an agent. The work proposes an approach for load supplying optimization to decrease the microgrid cost and enhance its efficiency.

Decentralized Energy Management System Enhancement for Smart Grid

2022 ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
Hadjira Belaidi ◽  
Zakaria Rabiai
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Management System ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Energy Management System ◽  
Energy Management Systems ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Decentralized Energy

In these last decades, electrical power grids become more intelligent. Hence, sophisticated software and hardware were introduced to the power grid, which makes it a smart grid. This chapter is an introduction on smart-grid technology; thus, microgrids are explained, and the use of multiagent system in centralized/decentralized energy management systems are discussed and compared. Smart agents are an emerging technology for decentralized computation and data storage. Hence, in this chapter, decentralized energy management system is created basing on multi-agent system technique where sources and loads are considered as separated agents each of them. After that, these sources and load create a microgrid and each microgrid can be considered as an agent. The work proposes an approach for load supplying optimization to decrease the microgrid cost and enhance its efficiency.

scholarly journals Intelligent Energy Management of Electrical Power Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Sechilariu
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Energy System

Smart grid implementation is facilitated by multi-source energy systems development, i.e., microgrids, which are considered the key smart grid building blocks. Whether they are alternative current (AC) or direct current (DC), high voltage or low voltage, high power or small power, integrated into the distribution system or the transmission network, multi-source systems always require an intelligent energy management that is integrated into the power system. A comprehensive intelligent energy system aims at providing overall energy efficiency with regard to the following: increased power generation flexibility, increased renewable generation systems, improved energy consumption, reduced CO2 emission, improved stability, and minimized energy cost. This Special Issue presents recent key theoretical and practical developments that concern the models, technologies, and flexible solutions to facilitate the following optimal energy and power flow strategies: the techno-economic model for optimal sources dispatching (mono and multi-objective energy optimization), real-time optimal scheduling, and real time optimization with model predictive control.

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