Does criminal justice stigma affect health and health care utilization? A systematic review of public health and medical literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-279
Author(s):  
Karin Martin ◽  
Andrew Taylor ◽  
Benjamin Howell ◽  
Aaron Fox
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Health Care Utilization ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Content Type

Purpose This paper aims to determine whether criminal justice (CJ) stigma affects health outcomes and health care utilization. Design/methodology/approach The authors reviewed medical and public health literature through May 2020. Structured terms were used to search four databases identifying articles that related to CJ stigma. Included articles were in English, examined CJ stigma and had people with CJ involvement as subjects. The studies without health outcomes were excluded. Quantitative and qualitative studies were reviewed and assessed for bias. Results were synthesized into a systematic review. Findings The search yielded 25 studies relating to CJ stigma and health. Three stigma domains were described in the literature: perceived or enacted, internalized and anticipated stigma. Tenuous evidence linked CJ stigma to health directly (psychological symptoms) and indirectly (social isolation, health care utilization, high-risk behaviors and housing or employment). Multiple stigmatized identities may interact to affect health and health care utilization. Research limitations/implications Few studies examined CJ stigma and health. Articles used various measures of CJ stigma, but psychometric properties for instruments were not presented. Prospective studies with standard validated measures are needed. Practical implications Understanding whether and how CJ stigma affects health and health care utilization will be critical for developing health-promoting interventions for people with CJ involvement. Practical interventions could target stigma-related psychological distress or reduce health care providers’ stigmatizing behaviors. Originality/value This was the first systematic review of CJ stigma and health. By providing a summary of the current evidence and identifying consistent findings and gaps in the literature, this review provides direction for future research and highlights implications for policy and practice.

scholarly journals Effect of Interventions for Non-Medical Emergency Transportation: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Shekelle ◽  
Meron M. Begashaw ◽  
Isomi M. Miake-Lye ◽  
Marika Booth ◽  
Bethany Myers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Utilization ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Missed Appointments ◽  
Transportation Barriers

Abstract Introduction: Transportation is an important social determinant of health. We conducted a systematic review of the associations on health and health care utilization of interventions aimed at reducing barriers to non-emergency transportation and non-medical transportation.Methods: We searched multiple databases and the gray literature through late January 2021. Included studies needed to assess an intervention targeted at non-emergency or non-medical transportation barriers, report missed (or kept) visits, health care utilization, costs, or health outcomes. Data extraction was performed in duplicate and included information about study design, results, and risk of bias. Primary outcomes were frequency of missed appointments, health care utilization, costs, and health outcomes. Synthesis was both narrative and meta-analytic using a random effects model. Results: 12 studies met inclusion criteria, 3 randomized trials, 1 controlled trial, and 8 observational studies. All included studies had some element of risk of bias. Populations studied usually had chronic or serious health conditions or were poor. Interventions included van rides, bus or taxi vouchers, ride-sharing services, and others. Meta-analysis of 7 studies (3 trials, 4 observational studies) yielded a pooled estimate of missed appointments = 0.63 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.48, 0.83) favoring interventions. Evidence on cost, utilization, and health outcomes were too sparse to support conclusions. Evidence on the effect of non-medical transportation is limited to a single study.Conclusions and Relevance: Interventions aimed at non-emergency transportation barriers to access health care are associated with fewer missed appointments; the association with costs, utilization or health outcomes is insufficiently studied to reach conclusions.This review was registered in PROSPERO as ID CRD42020201875

Health Outcomes and Health Care Utilization Among Obstetric Deliveries With Concurrent CKD in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea L. Oliverio ◽  
Lindsay K. Admon ◽  
Laura H. Mariani ◽  
Tyler N.A. Winkelman ◽  
Vanessa K. Dalton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Utilization ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Utilization

The Adverse Health Outcomes, Economic Burden, and Public Health Implications of Unmanaged Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Call to Action Resulting from CHADD Summit, Washington, DC, October 17, 2019

2021 ◽  
pp. 108705472110367
Author(s):  
Bob Cattoi ◽  
Ingrid Alpern ◽  
Jeffrey S. Katz ◽  
David Keepnews ◽  
Mary V. Solanto
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes

Recent research has increasingly documented the adverse effects of ADHD on physical health in addition to its well-known effects on emotional health. Responding to this concern, CHADD organized a summit meeting of health care providers, governmental and other health-related organizations, and health care payers. A White Paper generated from the meeting reviewed the adverse health outcomes, economic burden and public health implications of unmanaged ADHD. Here we summarize the resulting Calls to Action to the various stakeholder groups including: increased awareness and education of providers; development of professional guidelines for diagnosis and treatment; insurance coverage of the relevant services; support of research targeting the role of ADHD in the etiology and treatment of physical illness; and public education campaigns.

The public’s trust and information brokers in health care, public health and research

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (7/8) ◽  
pp. 929-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jodyn Platt ◽  
Minakshi Raj ◽  
Sharon L.R. Kardia
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health System ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Information Brokers

Purpose Nations such as the USA are investing in technologies such as electronic health records in order to collect, store and transfer information across boundaries of health care, public health and research. Health information brokers such as health care providers, public health departments and university researchers function as “access points” to manage relationships between the public and the health system. The relationship between the public and health information brokers is influenced by trust; and this relationship may predict the trust that the public has in the health system as a whole, which has implications for public trust in the system, and consequently, legitimacy of involved institutions, under circumstances of health information data sharing in the future. This paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the authors aimed to examine characteristics of trustors (i.e. the public) that predict trust in health information brokers; and further, to identify the factors that influence trust in brokers that also predict system trust. The authors developed a survey that was administered to US respondents in 2014 using GfK’s nationally representative sample, with a final sample of 1,011 participants and conducted ordinary least squares regression for data analyses. Findings Results suggest that health care providers are the most trusted information brokers of those examined. Beliefs about medical deceptive behavior were negatively associated with trust in each of the information brokers examined; however, psychosocial factors were significantly associated with trust in brokers, suggesting that individual attitudes and beliefs are influential on trust in brokers. Positive views of information sharing and the expectation of benefits of information sharing for health outcomes and health care quality are associated with system trust. Originality/value This study suggests that demonstrating the benefits and value of information sharing could be beneficial for building public trust in the health system; however, trust in brokers of information are variable across the public; that is, knowledge, attitudes and beliefs are associated with the level of trust different individuals have in various health information brokers – suggesting that the need for a personalized approach to building trust.

scholarly journals Health and Wellbeing Boards: a new dawn for public health partnerships?

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 220-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Perkins ◽  
David James Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Health Partnerships ◽  
Current Evidence Base

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to consider the effectiveness of partnership working in public health and draws on a systematic review of public health partnerships and original research conducted by the authors. It then considers in the light of research evidence whether the recently established Health and Wellbeing Boards (HWBs) under the 2012 Health and Social Care Act will help agencies to work together more effectively to improve population health or will go the way of previous initiatives and fall short of their original promise. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on a systematic literature review conducted by the authors and empirical research focusing upon the ability of public health partnerships to reduce health inequalities and improve population health outcomes. It also draws on recent studies evaluating HWBs. Findings – The paper finds that, hitherto, public health partnerships have had limited impact on improving population health and reducing health inequalities and that there is a danger that HWBs will follow the same path-dependent manner of previous partnership initiatives with limited impact in improving population health outcomes and reducing health inequalities. Research limitations/implications – The research draws on a systematic literature review and further scoping review of public health partnerships, in addition to empirical research conducted by the authors. It also reviews the current evidence base on HWBs. It is recognised that HWBs are in their early stages and have not as yet had the time to fulfil their role in service collaboration and integration. Practical implications – The paper gives an overview of how and why public health partnerships in the past have not lived up to the expectations placed upon them. It then offers practical steps that HWBs need to take to take to ensure the mistakes of the past are not replicated in the future. Social implications – The research outlines how public health partnerships can operate in a more effective manner, to ensure a more seamless provision for service users. The paper then gives pointers as to how this can benefit HWBs and the wider community they serve. Originality/value – The paper draws on a comprehensive research study of the effectiveness of public health partnerships on improving health outcomes and a systematic literature review. In addition, it also draws upon the current evidence base evaluating HWBs, to inform the discussion on their future prospects, in regard to partnership working in public health and promoting service integration.

Health and Situations

2017 ◽  
pp. 425-436
Author(s):  
Nicolas A. Brown ◽  
David M. Condon ◽  
Daniel K. Mroczek
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Utilization ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Joint Study ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Illness And Disease

Research has demonstrated that personality is consistently linked to important health outcomes such as longevity, health care utilization, and adherence to prescribed treatment of illness and disease. However, situational factors may amplify, block, or modify person-level characteristics that affect these outcomes. Therefore, the integration of situation and personality research may add predictive validity for important outcomes such as health behavior and health care utilization. This chapter discusses the importance of context in the joint study of personality and health. We introduce a roadmap for studying health and situations emphasizing the need for theoretical and measurement frameworks. Lastly, the chapter reviews relevant methodological considerations for studying health situations, including tools for assessing situations (e.g., experience sampling, wearable cameras), and recruiting from appropriate populations.

scholarly journals Economic burden of vertigo: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Kovacs ◽  
Xiaoting Wang ◽  
Eva Grill
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Health Care Utilization ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Vestibular Disease ◽  
Societal Burden ◽  
Vestibular Vertigo

Abstract Background Vertigo, a highly prevalent disease, imposes a rising burden on the health care system, exacerbated by the ageing of the population; and further, contributes to a wide span of indirect burden due to reduced capacity to work or need of assistance in activities of daily living. The aim of this review was to summarise the evidence on the economic burden of vertigo. Methods All original studies published between 2008 and 2018 about the economic evaluation of peripheral or central vestibular vertigo in developed countries were considered eligible, unrestricted to setting, health care provider, or study type. Results The electronic search in three databases identified 154 studies from which 16 qualified for inclusion. All studies presented partial economic evaluation referring to a variety of vestibular vertigo including unspecified vertigo. Nine studies presented monetised cost results and seven studies reported health care utilization. Direct costs derived mainly from repeated and not well-targeted consultations at all levels of health care, excessive use of diagnostic imaging, and/or of emergency care. Considerable societal burden was caused by decreased productivity, mainly due to work absenteeism. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review of the existing evidence of the economic burden of vertigo. The lack of conclusive evidence revealed apparent targets of future research. First, studies of diagnostics and therapies for vestibular disease should include cost-effectiveness considerations. Population-based studies of health services utilization should include simple vestibular assessments to get more reliable estimates of the burden of disease and associated costs on the level of the general population. Further, clinical and population-based registries that include patients with vestibular disease, should consider collecting long-term data of societal burden. Primary data collection should increasingly include assessment of health care utilization e.g. by linking their diagnoses and outcomes to routine data from health insurances.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document