Exploring illness beliefs about diabetes among individuals with type 2 diabetes

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rema Lakshmi ◽  
Palanisamy Ganesan ◽  
Ranjit Mohan Anjana ◽  
Muthuswamy Balasubramanyam ◽  
Viswanathan Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Illness Beliefs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
Regulation Model ◽  
Patient Centric

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore illness beliefs among adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), studied in a clinical setting in the Indian context. Diabetes management lies primarily in the hands of the patient, which signifies the need for understanding the various dimensions of individuals’ illness beliefs. While past research from abroad has stressed the need for understanding the patient’s perspective in effective illness management, the lack of studies in the Indian context calls for further research in this area. Design/methodology/approach – Drawing on the Self-Regulation Model (Leventhal et al., 1980), semi-structured interviews were carried out to understand the beliefs about diabetes among individuals diagnosed to have T2DM. In total, 70 individuals with T2DM were included, taking into account the disease duration, urban-rural, age and gender distinctions. The data were analyzed using content analysis method. Findings – The results of the analysis revealed numerous sub-themes related to the perceived consequences of diabetes, control or cure issues, timeline and emotional issues as experienced by the subjects. Research limitations/implications – Carrying out a triangulated research with the various stakeholders, namely, diabetologists, general practitioners and other support staff like dieticians could add more value to this exploratory study. Originality/value – There is a dearth of research work that explores the illness beliefs that patients’ hold about diabetes, as discussed in the Indian context. It is expected that the insight provided by the study can help the government bodies, healthcare organizations and practitioners design and develop interventions from a patient-centric view. Additionally, such a patient-centric approach will enable individuals to achieve their treatment goals.

Contribution of barriers to dietary intake in female patients with type 2 diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 510-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Mahdavi ◽  
Faranak Halali ◽  
Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi ◽  
Majid Mobasseri
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Dietary Adherence ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
The Mean

Purpose Dietary adherence may potentially affect dietary intake. Besides, type 2 diabetes and obesity are closely inter-related. This paper aims to investigate the associations between barriers to dietary adherence and dietary intake among overweight/obese female patients with type 2 diabetes. Design/methodology/approach In this cross-sectional study, 122 female patients with type 2 diabetes from Tabriz, Iran were recruited. All of them had received dietary recommendations from either a nutritionist or a physician. Weight, height and waist circumference were measured using standard methods. A 24-h dietary recall and food records assessed energy and macronutrient intake. Findings The mean BMI of the participants was 32.2 ± 4.3 kg/m2, and the mean daily total energy intake was 1909.5 (218.7) kcal. To assess the associations between barriers to dietary adherence and dietary intake, analysis of variance was used. Analysis revealed significant positive associations between energy intake and the barrier factors situational barriers/difficulty resisting temptation [B (SE) = 42.11 (20.50), p = 0.042], difficulty with meals and snacks plan [B (SE) = 36.13 (12.78), p = 0.005] and small portion sizes [B (SE) = 25.35 (13.58), p = 0.029]. Originality/value Diet has a key role in type 2 diabetes management. The results highlight the need for the barriers to be addressed in nutritional programs targeted for patients with type 2 diabetes. Thereby, level of adherence to the recommended program, eating habits and diabetes management could improve.

A Randomized Trial About Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load Improves Outcomes Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 615-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla K. Miller ◽  
Melissa Gutschall
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Outcome Expectations

Glycemic index (GI) represents the postprandial glucose response of carbohydrate foods, and glycemic load (GL) represents the quantity and quality of carbohydrate consumed. A diet lower in GI and GL may improve diabetes management. A 9-week intervention regarding GI and GL was evaluated among adults in the age range of 40-70 years who had had type 2 diabetes ≥1 year ( n = 103). Randomized pre—post test design with immediate and delayed treatment groups was employed. Dietary intake, knowledge, outcome expectations, self-efficacy, and empowerment regarding GI and GL and glucose monitoring were assessed. Four components were identified for outcome expectations using principal components analysis (dietary barrier, glycemic control, family support, and glucose monitoring), and two components were identified for self-efficacy (GI and self-regulation). Significant improvements in GI, knowledge, empowerment, self-efficacy, and outcome expectations (all p < .05) were observed except for glucose monitoring expectations. Only self-regulation efficacy significantly declined ( p < .05) at the follow-up assessment in the immediate group. Nutrition education regarding GI and GL can improve dietary intake, knowledge, outcome and efficacy expectations, and empowerment for diabetes management.

Frequency of Diabetes-Related Complications in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes—Results from the International Diabetes Management Practices Study (IDMPS)

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1584-P
Author(s):  
JUAN J. GAGLIARDINO ◽  
PABLO ASCHNER ◽  
HASAN M. ILKOVA ◽  
FERNANDO J. LAVALLE-GONZALEZ ◽  
AMBADY RAMACHANDRAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Diabetes Management

1311-P: Machine Learning (ML) Application to Predict Patient Risk of Nonadherence in Type 2 Diabetes Management Using U.S. Claims Databases

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1311-P
Author(s):  
XIN CHEN ◽  
GAIL FERNANDES ◽  
JIE CHEN ◽  
ZHIWEN LIU ◽  
RICHARD BAUMGARTNER
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Patient Risk

The Role of Disordered Eating in Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 155982762110024
Author(s):  
Alyssa M. Vela ◽  
Brooke Palmer ◽  
Virginia Gil-Rivas ◽  
Fary Cachelin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Increased Risk

Rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus continue to rise around the world, largely due to lifestyle factors such as poor diet, overeating, and lack of physical activity. Diet and eating is often the most challenging aspect of management and, when disordered, has been associated with increased risk for diabetes-related complications. Thus, there is a clear need for accessible and evidence-based interventions that address the complex lifestyle behaviors that influence diabetes management. The current study sought to assess the efficacy and acceptability of a pilot lifestyle intervention for women with type 2 diabetes and disordered eating. The intervention followed a cognitive behavioral therapy guided-self-help (CBTgsh) model and included several pillars of lifestyle medicine, including: diet, exercise, stress, and relationships. Ten women completed the 12-week intervention that provided social support, encouraged physical activity, and addressed eating behaviors and cognitions. Results indicate the lifestyle intervention was a feasible treatment for disordered eating behaviors among women with type 2 diabetes and was also associated with improved diabetes-related quality of life. The intervention was also acceptable to participants who reported satisfaction with the program. The current CBTgsh lifestyle intervention is a promising treatment option to reduce disordered eating and improve diabetes management.

scholarly journals Oral Bacterial Communities in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Who Live in Southern Thailand

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 662-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanokporn Kampoo ◽  
Rawee Teanpaisan ◽  
Ruth G. Ledder ◽  
Andrew J. McBain
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Supragingival Plaque ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Acid Tolerant ◽  
Dna Profiles

ABSTRACTType 2 diabetes mellitus is increasingly common in Thailand and elsewhere. In the present investigation, the bacteriological composition of saliva and supragingival plaque in Thai diabetics with and without active dental caries and in nondiabetics was determined by differential culture and eubacterial DNA profiling. Potential associations between fasting blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin (biomarkers of current and historical glucose control, respectively) with decayed, missing, and filled teeth and with salivaryStreptococcusandLactobacilluscounts were also investigated. The incidence of active dental caries was greater in the Thai diabetics than in nondiabetics, and the numbers of total streptococci and lactobacilli were significantly higher in supragingival plaque from diabetics than in nondiabetics.Lactobacilluscounts in the saliva and supragingival plaque of diabetics with active caries were significantly higher than those in diabetics without active caries. Oral eubacterial DNA profiles of diabetic versus nondiabetic individuals and of diabetics with active caries versus those without active caries could not be readily differentiated through cluster analysis or multidimensional scaling. The elevated caries incidence in the Thai diabetics was positively associated with numbers of bacteria of the acidogenic/acid-tolerant generaStreptococcusandLactobacillus. Lactobacillusbacterial numbers were further elevated in diabetics with active caries, although salivary eubacterial DNA profiles were not significantly altered.

Red meat consumption and type 2 diabetes mellitus risk

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-541
Author(s):  
Emma Derbyshire ◽  
Carrie Ruxton
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – This review aims to evaluate and review literature published in the area of rising concerns that red meat consumption may be associated with risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), although there have been discrepancies between study findings, and put the findings into context. Design/methodology/approach – Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic literature review was undertaken to locate and summarise relevant studies which included epidemiological and clinical studies published between 2004 and 2014. Findings – A total of 23 studies were found, with 21 epidemiological and two clinical studies meeting the criteria. Overall, the totality of the evidence indicates that while processed meat consumption appears to be associated with T2DM risk, the effect is much weaker for red meat, with some associations attenuated after controlling for body weight parameters. Where studies have considered high intakes in relation to T2DM risk, meat intake has tended to exceed 600 g per week. Therefore, keeping red meat intakes within recommended guidelines of no more than 500 g per week, while opting for lean cuts or trimming fat, would seem to be an evidence-based response. Research limitations/implications – The majority of studies conducted to date have been observational cohorts which cannot determine cause and effect. Most of these used food frequency questionnaires which are known to be subject to misclassification errors (Brown, 2006). Clearly, more randomised controlled trials are needed to establish whether red meat consumption impacts on markers of glucose control. Until then, conclusions can only be viewed as speculative. Originality/value – This paper provides an up-to-date systematic review of the literature, looking at inter-relationships between red meat consumption and T2DM risk.

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