dietary adherence
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2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulualem Gete Feleke ◽  
Teshager Woldegiorgis Abate ◽  
Henok Biresaw ◽  
Abebu Tegenaw Dile ◽  
Moges Wubneh Abate ◽  
...  

Abstract Introduction: Hypertension is considered one of the most challenging public health problems worldwide. Adherence to the recommended diet has a key role to reduce uncontrolled hypertension and hypertension-related complications. A study on dietary adherence among hypertensive patients and associated factors are limited in Ethiopia. So,this study aimed to assess dietary adherence and associated factors among hypertensive patients in Bahir Dar city governmental hospitals, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Bahir Dar city governmental hospitals from February- March 2020. Proportional allocation and systematic random sampling techniques were used to select 386 individuals with hypertension. The logistic regression model was used to assess the association between predictors and dietary adherence. The association was interpreted using the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Result: In this the proportion of dietary adherence was 32.8% (CI: 28.0, 37.6). Educational level college and above (AOR=3.0, CI=1.26, 7.08), received nutritional education (AOR=1.9, CI=1.05, 3.62), knowledgeable about hypertension (AOR=2.5, CI=1.36, 4.58), who had no co-morbidities (AOR=2.8, CI=1.49, 5.20), who lived two to four years with hypertension (AOR=2.4, CI=1.17, 5.07), and who had strong social support (AOR=7.1, CI=2.85, 17.46) had significantly association with dietary adherence. Conclusion and recommendations: This study demonstrated that low proportion of hypertensive individuals were adhered to recommended diet. Therefore, availed a social network of family and friends; providing dietary education to address the participants’ knowledge of hypertension, promote survival skill to new diagnosed and considered co-morbidities are an integral part of overall health in people with hypertension.


2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 15 ◽  
pp. 2865-2875
Author(s):  
Hanfei Zhu ◽  
Ziqi Ren ◽  
Hongxia Hua ◽  
Kang Zhao ◽  
Lingyu Ding ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Aida Luis

Fuente: Anales de Pediatría Estudio de la adherencia a la dieta sin gluten en pacientes celiacos Fernández M, Díaz J, Jiménez S, Suárez M, Bousoño C. Anales de Pediatría 94 (2021) 377-384 (doi: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.06.017)   Introducción: La realización estricta de una dieta sin gluten (DSG) es fundamental para el control de la enfermedad celiaca. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la adherencia a la DSG en celiacos y evaluar factores que pudieran influir en la misma. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo. Se realizó una determinación de péptidos inmunogénicos del gluten (GIP) en heces con método semicuantitativo y se cumplimentó el cuestionario Celiac Dietary Adherence Test. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, clínicos y se elaboró una encuesta ad hoc. Resultados: Se incluyeron 80 pacientes. El 92,5% eran adherentes mediante GIP y 86,3% con Celiac Dietary Adherence Test (concordancia aceptable; Kappa: 0,31, p=0,004). El 83,3% de los pacientes con GIP positivos tenía la última determinación de anticuerpos antitransglutaminasa negativos. La edad actual y el tiempo de evolución se asociaron significativamente con la adherencia. Aquellos con GIP positivos tenían de media 5 años más (p=0,0001) y llevaban 52 meses más de DSG (p=0,025). Una cuarta parte de los encuestados consideraba difícil realizar la dieta. El 60% consideraba que la variabilidad en el lugar de comida era importante para inducir transgresiones, siendo las fiestas infantiles el principal lugar donde sucedían (66,7%). Se destaca la escasa variedad (61,4%) y el elevado coste (98,6%) de los alimentos sin gluten. Conclusiones: La adherencia a la DSG es en general, buena. El análisis de GIP permitió detectar a pacientes no adherentes que en otras circunstancias pasarían desapercibidos. Se deben establecer medidas para mantener una buena adhesión de manera prolongada, considerando los factores de riesgo y dificultades detectados.     Fuente: Andes Pediátrica Revista Chilena de Pediatría Aumento de horas de pantalla se asocia con un bajo rendimiento escolar Zapata-Lamana R, Ibarra-Mora J, Henriquez-Beltrán M, Sepúlveda-Martin S, Martínez-González L, Cigarroa I. Aumento de horas de pantalla se asocia con un bajo rendimiento escolar. Andes pediatr. 2021;92(4): 565-575 (doi:10.32641/andespediatr.v92i4.3317)   Resumen Objetivo: Analizar si el tiempo de pantalla se relaciona con un menor rendimiento académico en escolares de segundo ciclo y determinar diferencias por sexo. Sujetos y Método: Investigación analítica, retrospectiva y transversal en 733 escolares de 5to a 8vo año básico de establecimientos educacionales públicos pertenecientes al estudio “Encuesta de salud y rendimiento escolar de la provincia del Biobío 2018” fueron reclutados. El uso de pantalla fue autoreportado a través de horas diarias frente a televisión, videojuegos e internet. El rendimiento escolar fue medido con las calificaciones en las asignaturas de lenguaje, matemáticas, educación física, promedio general y a través de conductas asociadas a la cognición en el contexto escolar. Para determinar la relación entre tiempo de pantalla y rendimiento escolar se determinó el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson y para medir la influen- cia del sexo y las horas de pantalla en las notas se realizó un ANOVA de dos vías.   Resultados: Los escolares pasan 6,1 ± 5,3 h frente a una pantalla diariamente. Los niños pasan más tiempo jugando videojuegos y las niñas más navegando por internet. Tanto niños como niñas que pasan mayor cantidad de horas frente a una pantalla, principalmente jugando videojuegos y navegando por internet presentaron notas más bajas en matemáticas, lenguaje, educación física, promedio general y se perciben con menos memoria, más lentos para resolver problemas matemáticos, con más dificultades para mantener la atención en clases o para resolver tareas complejas. Conclusión: El uso de pantallas se asocia negativamente con el rendimiento académico, así como en las conductas asociadas a la cognición en escolares de ambos sexos.     Fuente: Pediatrics   Depresión materna y paterna. Síntomas durante la estadía en la Unidad de Cuidados intensivos Neonatal (UCIN) y transición a casa Garfield C F, Lee Y S, Warner-Shifflett L, et al. Maternal and Paternal Depression Symptoms During NICU Stay and Transition Home. Pediatrics. 2021;148(2):e202004274   ResumenObjetivo: Examinar la trayectoria y los factores de riesgo de los síntomas de depresión entre los padres desde el ingreso a la UCIN hasta los 30 días posteriores al alta. Presumimos que las puntuaciones de los síntomas de depresión disminuirían desde la admisión y luego aumentarían desde el alta hasta los 30 días.Métodos: Estudio prospectivo de cohorte longitudinal de bebés prematuros en UCIN. Los padres completaron la Escala de Depresión Postnatal de Edimburgo (EPDS) validada en 4 puntos de tiempo: admisión a la UCIN, alta y 14 días y 30 días después del alta. El cambio de la puntuación de EPDS a lo largo del tiempo y la probabilidad de un resultado positivo (EPDS > 10) se evaluaron mediante modelos de regresión de efectos mixtos.Resultados: De 431 padres inscritos (madres, n = 230 [53%]), el 33% de las madres (n = 57) y el 17% de los padres (n = 21) tuvieron una prueba de detección de EPDS positiva. La diferencia en la puntuación entre madres y padres fue de 1.9 (intervalo de confianza [IC]: 1.3-2.6; P < .0001), con las madres disminuyendo 2.9 puntos (IC: 2.1-3.7; P < .0001) y los padres disminuyendo 1.0 punto (CI: 0.1-2.0; P = 0.04). Con el tiempo, las madres disminuyeron 10.96 veces (IC: 2.99–38.20; P = .0003); los padres disminuyeron a un ritmo no significativo. El análisis de los síntomas depresivos al ingreso o al alta mejoraron a los 30 días (AUC 0.66 en los datos demográficos iniciales solamente frente a 0.841 [P < .0001], y versus 0.801 detección de alta [P < .001]).Conclusiones: Las madres y los padres experimentan diferentes trayectorias de síntomas depresivos desde la UCIN hasta el hogar. Es probable que la detección de la depresión posparto en los padres durante la estadía en la UCIN mejore la identificación de los padres en riesgo de depresión posparto después del alta. La atención centrada en los padres parece justificada.  


2021 ◽  
pp. 175045892110156
Author(s):  
David C Fipps ◽  
Sharon M Holder ◽  
Dorothy L Schmalz ◽  
John Scott

Background The causes of obesity are multifactorial, with genetic, environmental, behavioural and societal contributions. These factors also affect adherence to diet and exercise after bariatric surgery. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in perceived obesity-related stigma, exercise and dietary adherence perioperatively as well as what demographic factors most influence the magnitude of these changes. Methods Validated questionnaires regarding perception of stigma and adherence to diet and exercise regimens were administered to 104 bariatric surgery patients preoperatively and postoperatively at three, six and 12 months. Scoring was compared for improvement, and concomitant factors were analysed for effect on magnitude of improvement. Results Our study found overall improvement in perception of stigma as well as adherence to diet and exercise regimens. Those with a family history of obesity had less robust improvement compared to those without a family history of obesity. Those who were Caucasian also did not have as robust of an improvement in their scores. Conclusions Patient perception of obesity-related stigma and adherence to diet and exercise regimens improve after bariatric surgery. However, a patient with a family history of obesity and/or a Caucasian ethnicity may have a less robust improvement in these facets.


Author(s):  
Shania Adhanty ◽  
Dian Ayubi ◽  
Dien Anshari

Latar Belakang. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) telah menyebabkan 4,2 juta kematian pada tahun 2019. Di Indonesia, penyakit DM merupakan salah satu PTM yang menyebabkan kematian utama. Kepatuhan diet menjadi perilaku yang sangat penting dan diperlukan kendali diri.Tujuan. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui hubungan lokus kendali diri untuk sehat baik dimensi internal, orang berpengaruh, keberuntungan dan faktor lainnya dengan kepatuhan diet pasien DM tipe 2 di RSUD Kota Depok tahun 2020.Metode. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional, pengambilan data dilakukan melalui convenience sampling pada 52 pasien DM tipe 2 yang berkunjung ke poli penyakit dalam RSUD Kota Depok.Hasil. Pasien memiliki nilai kepatuhan diet yang cukup yaitu 66,23 dari skala 100. Hasil uji korelasi pearson menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dengan kekuatan sedang dan positif antara lokus kendali untuk sehat dimensi internal dan dimensi orang berpengaruh dengan kepatuhan diet (r= 0,46 dan r= 0,28) diikuti dengan dimensi keberuntungan menunjukkan kekuatan sedang dan negatif terhadap kepatuhan diet (r= -0,28).Kesimpulan. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara health locus of control dimensi internal, powerful others dan chance dengan kepatuhan diet dengan kekuatan hubungan sedang dan arah korelasi positif pada dimensi internal dan powerful others sedangkan negatif pada dimensi chance. ABSTRACTBackground. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) caused 4.2 million deaths in 2019. In Indonesia, DM is an NCD that causes major deaths. Dietary adherence becomes a vital behavior and requires self-control. Objective. This study aimed to determine the relationship between health locus of control on internal, powerful-others, chance dimensions and other factors with dietary adherence among type 2 DM patients at Depok City Hospital in 2020.Method. This study used a cross-sectional design and data collection through convenience sampling on 52 type 2 DM patients who visited internist poly in Depok City Hospital.Results. This study indicates that patients have adequate dietary adherence values 66,23 on a scale of 100. Pearson correlation test results show a significant relationship between health locus of control on internal and powerful-others dimensions with a moderate and positive relationship with dietary adherence (r= 0,46 and r= 0,28). Meanwhile, the chance dimension shows an average and negative relationship with dietary adherence (r= -0,28).Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between health locus of control internal dimensions, powerful others and chance with dietary compliance with moderate strength. The direction of the correlation is positive on the internal dimension and powerful others while negative on the chance dimension.


2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. e253
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Jamka ◽  
Maria Wasiewicz-Gajdzis ◽  
Jarosław Walkowiak

The prevalence of obesity has been increasing worldwide; however, the optimal dietary strategy for improving anthropometric and cardiometabolic parameters remains unknown. This review discusses the effectiveness of popular diets in the management of obesity and obesity-related comorbidities. The differences among popular diets are small and associated with dietary adherence and caloric intake. The Mediterranean diet is most effective in facilitating weight loss and improving cardiometabolic parameters, although the Central European diet seems to be a good alternative.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253127
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Maston ◽  
Janet Franklin ◽  
Samantha Hocking ◽  
Jessica Swinbourne ◽  
Alice Gibson ◽  
...  

Meal replacement Severely Energy-Restricted Diets (SERDs) produce ≥ 10% loss of body mass when followed for 6 weeks or longer in people with class III obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2). The efficacy of SERDs continues to be questioned by healthcare professionals, with concerns about poor dietary adherence. This study explored facilitators and barriers to dietary adherence and program attrition among people with class III obesity who had attempted or completed a SERD in a specialised weight loss clinic. Participants who commenced a SERD between January 2016 to May 2018 were invited to participate. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted from September to October 2018 with 20 participants (12 women and 8 men). Weight change and recounted events were validated using the participants’ medical records. Data were analysed by thematic analysis using line-by-line inductive coding. The mean age ± SD of participants was 51.2 ± 11.3 years, with mean ± SD BMI at baseline 63.7 ± 12.6 kg/m2. Five themes emerged from participants’ recounts that were perceived to facilitate dietary adherence: (1.1) SERD program group counselling and psychoeducation sessions, (1.2) emotionally supportive clinical staff and social networks that accommodated and championed change in dietary behaviours, (1.3) awareness of eating behaviours and the relationship between these and progression of disease, (1.4) a resilient mindset, and (1.5) dietary simplicity, planning and self-monitoring. There were five themes on factors perceived to be barriers to adherence, namely: (2.1) product unpalatability, (2.2) unrealistic weight loss expectations, (2.3) poor program accessibility, (2.4) unforeseeable circumstances and (2.5) externalised weight-related stigma. This study highlights opportunities where SERD programs can be optimised to facilitate dietary adherence and reduce barriers, thus potentially improving weight loss outcomes with such programs. Prior to the commencement of a SERD program, healthcare professionals facilitating such programs could benefit from reviewing participants to identify common barriers. This includes identifying the presence of product palatability issues, unrealistic weight loss expectations, socio-economic disadvantage, and behaviour impacting experiences of externalised weight-related stigma.


2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catia Martins ◽  
Jessica Roekenes ◽  
Barbara A. Gower ◽  
Gary R. Hunter

Abstract Background The practical relevance of metabolic adaptation remains a controversial issue. To the best of our knowledge, no study has properly evaluated the role of metabolic adaptation in modulating weight loss outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the association between metabolic adaptation, at the level of resting metabolic rate (RMR), and weight and fat mass (FM) loss after low-energy diets (LED), after adjusting for dietary adherence and other confounders. Methods 71 individuals with obesity (BMI: 34.6 ± 3.4 kg/m2; age: 45.4 ± 8.2 years; 33 males) were randomized to one of three 1000 kcal/day diets for 8 weeks. Body weight, FM and fat-free mass (FFM) (air displacement plethysmography), RMR (indirect calorimetry) and physical activity level (PAL) (armbands) were measured at baseline and at week 9. Metabolic adaptation at week 9 was defined as measured RMR minus predicted RMR at week 9. An equation to predict RMR was derived from baseline data of all participants that were part of this analysis and included age, sex, FM and FFM as predictors. Dietary adherence was calculated from RMR, PAL and body composition changes. Linear regression was used to assess the potential role of metabolic adaptation in predicting weight and FM loss after adjusting for dietary adherence, average PAL, sex, baseline FM and FFM and randomization group. Results Participants lost on average 14 ± 4 kg of body weight (13 ± 3%) and presented with metabolic adaptation (−92 ± 110 kcal/day, P < 0.001). Metabolic adaptation was a significant predictor of both weight (β = −0.009, P < 0.001) and FM loss (β = −0.008, P < 0.001), even after adjusting for confounders (R2 = 0.88, 0.93, respectively, P < 0.001 for both). On average, an increase in metabolic adaptation of 50 kcal/day was associated with a 0.5 kg lower weight and FM loss in response to the LED. Conclusion In individuals with obesity, metabolic adaptation at the level of RMR is associated with less weight and FM loss in response to LED. Trial registration ID: NCT02944253.


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