The influence of operational excellence on the culture and agility of organizations: evidence from industry

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
André M. Carvalho ◽  
Paulo Sampaio ◽  
Eric Rebentisch ◽  
João Álvaro Carvalho ◽  
Pedro Saraiva
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Organizational Dynamics ◽  
Organizational Agility ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
Cultural Paradigm ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right ◽  
Operational Excellence

PurposeThis article offers a novel approach that brings together management, engineering and organizational behavior. It focuses on the understanding of organizational dynamics in an era of technological change, upholding the importance of organizational agility and of the cultural paradigm in the management of organizations.Design/methodology/approachIn this work, the authors present the conclusions from a set of studies carried out in organizations operating in technical and technological industries. The authors assessed the capabilities of these organizations in terms of operational excellence maturity and its impact on the organizational culture and organizational agility.FindingsResults show the importance of operational excellence either in developing or expanding organizational agility capabilities while reinforcing the cruciality of an excellence-oriented culture to sustain these efforts over time.Originality/valueIncreasingly unstable business environments have led to a growing interest in how to develop and maintain operational excellence in the face of continued and disruptive change. However, this interest has, so far, been advanced with little empirical evidence to support the corresponding predictions. This work offers the first practical evidence that continued focus and optimization of operations, with the right cultural alignment, helps organizations survive and thrive in increasingly volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous environments.

Bankruptcy prediction using multivariate grey prediction models

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Chung Hu ◽  
Peng Jiang ◽  
Hang Jiang ◽  
Jung-Fa Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Bankruptcy Prediction ◽  
Financial Data ◽  
Grey Prediction ◽  
Grey System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
The Face ◽  
Financial Decision

PurposeIn the face of complex and challenging economic and business environments, developing and implementing approaches to predict bankruptcy has become important for firms. Bankruptcy prediction can be regarded as a grey system problem because while factors such as the liquidity, solvency and profitability of a firm influence whether it goes bankrupt, the precise manner in which these factors influence the discrimination between failed and non-failed firms is uncertain. In view of the applicability of multivariate grey prediction models (MGPMs), this paper aimed to develop a grey bankruptcy prediction model (GBPM) based on the GM (1, N) (BP-GM (1, N)).Design/methodology/approachAs the traditional GM (1, N) is designed for time series forecasting, it is better to find an appropriate permutation of firms in the financial data as if the resulting sequences are time series. To solve this challenging problem, this paper proposes GBPMs by integrating genetic algorithms (GAs) into the GM (1, N).FindingsExperimental results obtained for the financial data of Taiwanese firms in the information technology industries demonstrated that the proposed BP-GM (1, N) performs well.Practical implicationsAmong artificial intelligence (AI)-based techniques, GBPMs are capable of explaining which of the financial ratios has a stronger impact on bankruptcy prediction by driving coefficients.Originality/valueApplying MGPMs to a problem without relation to time series is challenging. This paper focused on bankruptcy prediction, a crucial issue in financial decision-making for businesses, and proposed several GBPMs.

Risk and organizational effectiveness

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-123
Author(s):  
David Brookfield
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Transaction Cost Economics ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Finance Management ◽  
The Face ◽  
And Control

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore how risk management is supported by and interacts with process or transactions “technologies” to inform and influence organizational behavior as it changes in the face of risk. Accounting systems represent a collection of processes that are designed to support broader organizational or firm activities. As such, they represent information processes that help inform finance management and control, strategy, and risk management.Design/methodology/approachThe paper synthesizes work relating to transaction cost economics that describes the nature of the organization and indicate how this perspective may be developed to incorporate the dynamic forces that change an organization’s approach to risk. From a practical perspective, the value, relevance and limitations of accounting information may be more clearly determined.FindingsThe information perspective of accounting helps practitioners understand and decide how activities within their organization have impact and are related with one another. In this sense, accounting is not merely a book keeping system, nor a payments process, nor merely a narrow functional device that seeks to minimize tax liabilities, for example. Instead, accounting-based information conveys the importance of context and of viewing the organization as a whole as an open system within the organization that both transmits and receives information, including accounting information, and then adapts and co-evolves with whole-organizational forces to shape how the firm responds to environmental factors, such as risk.Practical implicationsThe paper raises challenges to the conceptualization and compartmentalization of risk as typified in risk management frameworks such as COSO and provides direction and focus to identify how accounting systems can contribute to risk management.Originality/valueThe paper offers a perspective that allows us to synthesize our understanding of how management can seek to manage risk by seeing risk as part of a broader range of “transactions technologies” with which a firm engages. It identifies how accounting technologies interact with risk in shaping organizational or whole firm, architecture as an adaptation that mitigates or embraces risk.

Jugnoo: expansion or consolidation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Sushmita Biswal Waraich ◽  
Ajay Chaturvedi
Keyword(s):  
Chief Executive ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Business Opportunity ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
Short Period ◽  
New Business ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right

Learning outcomes The student will be able to understand the concept of spotting an opportunity and exploiting the same. The student will be able to comprehend the various challenges faced in the development of a business idea. The student will be able to understand the strategies that need to be adopted to cope with and grow, in a competitive business environment. Case overview/synopsis Samar Singla, the Chief Executive Officer of Jugnoo, had sensed a business opportunity in auto rickshaw aggregation. He was convinced that being among the initial players in the market of auto rickshaw aggregation, there would be very little competition. He only had to play his cards right, to become the top auto aggregator. As Singla started the business, there were challenges like inducting the auto rickshaw drivers as partners, training them, hiring the right team, putting the right strategies in place and to expand the business. Singla launched and achieved robust growth in the new business, in a short period of time. Soon, however, Jugnoo felt competition breathing down their neck – form cab aggregators who were already dominant players in the cabs aggregation segment, in the large cities. To hedge their risks, Singla added other services such as “Meal” (meal delivery) and “Fatafat” (goods delivery) – as B2C and B2B services. These services, however, had to be closed soon after because of stiff competition from the local players. Singla also adopted the inorganic growth path by acquiring “Sabkuch,” a grocery delivery logistics firm; “Yelo,” a platform that provided online access to businesses and “BookMyCab,” a taxi aggregation company. Faced with tapering growth after an initial steep rise, Singla had to confront a dilemma about the right method of ensuring growth in the face of competition. Complexity academic level Under graduate, masters in business administration and post graduation in the areas of entrepreneurship and strategy. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.

Reconciling COVID-19 pandemic budget deficits through furloughs and salary reductions

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minnette A. Bumpus
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
The State ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Budget Deficits ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
The Right ◽  
The University

Theoretical basis The primary topics, in this case, align well with social processes relative to communication and decision-making, and with individual processes relative to fairness in the workplace. Research methodology The case was developed from secondary sources. The secondary sources included news reports, and university sources (i.e. e-mails, announcements, reports, town hall meetings). This descriptive case has been classroom tested in an undergraduate organizational behavior course. Case overview/synopsis On September 10, 2020, the president of Bowie State University, Dr Aminta H. Breaux, announced that the university needed to “take a number of steps, including a temporary salary reduction plan, to close the FY21 funding gap and position the university for continued budget challenges” (Exhibit 1) triggered by the economic impact of COVID-19 on the state of Maryland. Some of the faculty members’ reactions to this announcement included shock and disappointment. Reflecting on what led to the state appropriation reductions, why would faculty members be shocked by President Breaux’s announcement of temporary salary reductions? Did President Breaux make the right decision, and was it communicated appropriately? Complexity academic level This descriptive case is most appropriate for undergraduate level organizational behavior courses.

scholarly journals Surviving or flourishing? Integrating business resilience and sustainability

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Winnard ◽  
Andy Adcroft ◽  
Jacquetta Lee ◽  
David Skipp
Keyword(s):  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Competitive Environments ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
The Right

Purpose – Businesses are always seeking resilient strategies so they can weather unpredictable competitive environments. One source of unpredictability is the unsustainability of commerce's environmental, economic or social impacts and the limitations this places on businesses. Another is poor resilience causing erroneous and unexpected outputs. Companies prospering long-term must have both resilience and sustainability, existing in a symbiotic state. The purpose of this paper is to explore the two concepts and their relationship, their combined benefits and propose an approach for supporting decision makers to proactively build both characteristics. Design/methodology/approach – The paper looks at businesses as complex adaptive systems, how their resilience and sustainability can be defined and how these might be exhibited. It then explores how they can be combined in practice. Findings – The two qualities are related but have different purposes, moreover resilience has two major forms related to timescales. Both kinds of resilience are identified as key for delivering sustainability, yet the reverse is also found to be true. Both are needed to deliver either and to let businesses flourish. Practical implications – Although the ideal state of resilient sustainability is difficult to define or achieve, pragmatic ways exist to deliver the right direction of change in organisational decisions. A novel approach to this is explored based on transition engineering and robustness engineering. Originality/value – This paper links resilience and sustainability explicitly and develops a holistic pragmatic approach for working through their implications in strategic decision making.

The merger of Baltimore Hebrew University with Towson University: three leadership models converge

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1595-1613
Author(s):  
Hana Bor ◽  
Rebecca Shargel
Keyword(s):  
Private University ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Public University ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Creative Solutions ◽  
The Face ◽  
Hebrew University ◽  
The Right

PurposeThe study aims to learn how a small private university dedicated to Judaic studies successfully merged with a large public university? Our study investigates how Baltimore Hebrew University (BHU) successfully integrated into the much larger Towson University (TU), while maintaining its unique Jewish identity.Design/methodology/approachHow did leadership facilitate a successful merging of a small private university with a large public university? Our case study investigates how BHU successfully integrated into the much larger TU. Given that past research has focused primarily on the financial aspects, the purpose of the present study is to analyze how leaders successfully navigated the complex processes of integrating the two institutions through envisioning, communicating and planning effectively. This research uniquely investigates the role of leadership as the driving force in moving the merger forward and facilitating the process. The authors analyzed the circumstances that facilitated the merger and discovered that leadership pushed this merger forward, particularly the confluence of three approaches—visionary, transformational and servant leadership. This research has implications for guiding future mergers of smaller colleges with larger universities. This case study is particularly timely, during this uncertain age of COVID-19, when many universities are considering creative solutions, including potential mergers with other institutions, in the face of increasing financial difficulties.FindingsImplications of this research can help illuminate future mergers of smaller colleges with larger universities in cases where the smaller institution desires to retain its strong cultural or historical identity. The authors found that the “right leadership on the ground” is a crucial component needed for a successful merger, particularly in a higher education setting.Research limitations/implicationsOur research provides a concrete example that can be used help campus administrators assess whether they have the leadership structure in place to successfully navigate a merger as a path forward.Originality/valueThis case study is particularly timely, during this uncertain age of COVID-19, when many universities are considering creative solutions, including potential mergers with other institutions, in the face of increasing financial difficulties.

scholarly journals Choice of Hospital Risk Management Strategy-Comparison between SARS and COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Nien Lee ◽  
Tzu-Ching Weng
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Transformative Leadership ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
The Face ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
The Right

This study explored the methods for hospitals to take corresponding measures to implement response measures from the perspective of epidemic crisis management. Through the analysis of the practical experience of each hospital, the crisis situation, the countermeasures, and the review of the hospital's rehabilitation methods. The research method is a case study method. The main sources of research data are interviews, internal hospital file data, and related journal articles and media reports. Research results: 1. This research explored the organizational behavior of the hospital and the strategic emergency points that it showed in the face of crisis. 2. "Transformative" leadership style, with timely and application-oriented management. 3. The implementation of epidemic prevention measures and response methods have gradually embarked on the right path from the chaos. 4. Faced with a shortage of anti-epidemic materials, hospitals have been working hard to deal with risk management. Based on the above findings, this research provides some policy recommendations for hospitals to mobilize and respond to similar viral diseases in the future so as to follow up with medical institutions for learning and reference.

scholarly journals A Novel Approach on Motion Estimation for Micro-Expression Recognition Using Phase Only Correlation with All Block Search (POC-ABS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 546-559
Author(s):  
Ulla Rosiani ◽  
◽  
Priska Choirina ◽  
Niyalatul Muna ◽  
Eko Mulyanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Vector ◽  
Block Matching ◽  
Expression Recognition ◽  
Motion Feature ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Face ◽  
Casme Ii ◽  
The Right ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Micro Expression

Micro-expression is an expression when a person tries to held or hidden, but the leak of this emotion still occurs in one or two areas of the face or maybe a short expression that across in the whole-face. Not more than 500ms, micro-expressions can be difficult to recognize and detect where the leakage area is located. This study presents a new method to recognize and detect the subtle motion on the facial components area using Phase Only Correlation algorithm with All Block Search (POC-ABS) to estimate the motion of all block areas. This block matching method is proposed by comparing each block in the two frames to determine whether there is movement or not. If the two blocks are identical, then the motion vector value is not displayed, whereas if the blocks are non-identical, the motion vector value of the POC is displayed. The motion vector, which is as a motion feature, estimates whether or not there are movements in the same block. In order to further confirm the reliability of the proposed method, two different classifiers were used for the micro-expression recognition of the CASME II dataset. The highest performance results are for SVM at 94.3 percent and for KNN at 95.6 percent. Finally, this algorithm detects leaks of motion based on the ratio of the motion vectors. The left and right eyebrows are dominant when expressing disgust, sadness, and surprise. Meanwhile, the movements of the right eye and left eye were the most dominant when the happiness expression.

scholarly journals Sustainable partner selection for collaborative networked organisations with risk consideration in the context of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Badulescu ◽  
Ari-Pekka Hameri ◽  
Naoufel Cheikhrouhou
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Partner Selection ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Solution Approach ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Force Majeure ◽  
The Face ◽  
Selection For

Purpose Collaborative networked organisations (CNO) are a means of ensuring longevity and business continuity in the face of a global crisis such as COVID-19. This paper aims to present a multi-criteria decision-making method for sustainable partner selection based on the three sustainability pillars and risk. Design/methodology/approach A combined analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy AHP (F-AHP) with Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution approach is the methodology used to evaluate and rank potential partners based on known conditions and predicted conditions at a future time based on uncertainty to support sustainable partner selection. Findings It is integral to include risk criteria as an addition to the three sustainability pillars: economic, environmental and social, to build a robust and sustainable CNO. One must combine the AHP and F-AHP weightings to ensure the most appropriate sustainable partner selection for the current as well as predicted future period. Research limitations/implications The approach proposed in this paper is intended to support existing CNO, as well as individual firms wanting to create a CNO, to build a more robust and sustainable partner selection process in the context of a force majeure such as COVID-19. Originality/value This paper presents a novel approach to the partner selection process for a sustainable CNO under current known conditions and future uncertain conditions, highlighting the risk of a force majeure occurring such as COVID-19.

A dynamic model of organizational resilience: adaptive and anchored approaches

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Waguih Ishak ◽  
Elizabeth Ann Williams
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Organizational Resilience ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Face ◽  
Difficult Times ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Bounce Back ◽  
Spectrum Model

Purpose Organizations of all types desire to be imbued with resilience, or the ability to withstand and bounce back from difficult events (Richardson, 2002; Walsh 2003). But resilience does not play the same role in every organization. Previous research (Weick and Sutcliffe, 2011) has argued that organizations can be more or less resilient. For high reliability organizations (HROs) such as fire crews and emergency medical units, resilience is a defining feature. Due to the life-or-death nature of their work, the ability to be successful in the face of difficult events is imperative to the process of HROs. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This is a theory piece. Findings The authors put forth a dual-spectrum model that introduces adaptive and anchored approaches to organizational resilience. Research limitations/implications There are organizations for which resilience is only enacted when the organization must overcome difficult events. And at the other end are organizations that may not enact resilience in difficult times, and therefore fail or deteriorate. But while it has been shown that organizations can be more or less resilient, there has been little attention paid to how organizations may have differing types of resilience. Originality/value In this piece, the authors theorize that resilience may differ in type between organizations. Drawing on theoretical approaches to resilience from communication (Buzzanell, 2010), organizational behavior (Weick and Sutcliffe, 2011), and motivational psychology (Dweck, 2016), the authors introduce a model that views resilience as a dynamic construct in organizations. The authors argue that an organization’s resilience-centered actions affect – and are determined by – its approach to Buzzanell’s (2010) five communicative processes of resilience. The authors offer testable propositions, as well as theoretical and practical implications from this model, not only for HROs, but for all organizations.

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