Underdog effects: the role of consumption domain and retail crowding

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 384-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyuri Shirai
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Online Consumer ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose When communicating with consumers, firms frequently highlight their underdog status to evoke a favorable attitude. Previous research has confirmed consumer preference for underdogs over top dogs in various domains. However, very little research has been conducted on the business types and decision contexts in which underdog effects produce the most impact. This paper aims to investigate some of the unexplored boundary conditions of underdog effects and addresses two issues: consumption domain and retail crowding. Design/methodology/approach Two experiments with a 2 (biography: underdog or top dog) × 2 (consumption domain: hedonic or utilitarian) × 2 (retail crowding: adequately crowded or uncrowded) factorial between-subjects design were conducted to test hypotheses. The two experiments differ in the consumption domains and the approaches used to depict crowding conditions. Furthermore, the first experiment targeted college students and the second experiment targeted online consumer panels across various age groups. Findings Underdog effects were more easily evoked when the consumption domain was more hedonic than utilitarian. In addition, retail crowding was an informational cue for judging acceptance of underdog businesses and enhanced the evaluation when the retail environment was adequately crowded rather than uncrowded. This role of crowding was also evident for top-dog businesses when consumers perceived high risk in the businesses. Originality/value This is the first study to distinguish between hedonic and utilitarian consumption domains with underdog effects and to demonstrate a positive effect of crowding as an informational cue, indicating acceptance by other consumers.

Innovation affecting growth aspirations of early stage entrepreneurs: culture and economic freedom matter

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrzad Saeedikiya ◽  
Jizhen Li ◽  
Shayegheh Ashourizadeh ◽  
Serdar Temiz
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Economic Freedom ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Growth ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose Earlier research confirms the positive effect of innovation in shaping growth ambitions of entrepreneurs. The aim of this paper is to investigate whether the effect of innovation on growth ambitions of entrepreneurs is contingent on the role of institutions, namely, culture and economic freedom. In other words, the authors’ objective is to provide an institutionally contingent understanding of the role of innovation in shaping growth ambitions of early-stage entrepreneurs. Design/methodology/approach The authors applied hierarchical linear modeling technique on the data of 100,566 early-stage entrepreneurs in 109 countries that participated in annual surveys of Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Findings The authors find that the effect of innovation on shaping growth ambitions of early stage entrepreneurs is contingent on the role of culture such that, in secular cultures, innovation benefits growth ambitions more than traditional cultures. Further, the authors found that the effect of innovation on growth expectations is dependent on the level of economic freedom in the country in which the firms operate so that in the countries with higher level of economic freedom, early-stage entrepreneurs expect more growth out of their innovation as compared to their counterparts in the depressed economies. Originality/value The results contribute to our understanding of entrepreneurial growth aspirations as a result of the interplay of entrepreneur–firm–environment nexus.

Factors influencing product involvement among young consumers

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 499-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tali Te'eni‐Harari ◽  
Jacob Hornik
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Market Segmentation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Product Category ◽  
Product Knowledge ◽  
Product Involvement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Young Consumers

PurposeIn light of the core role of product involvement as a variable in consumer behavior, the current study seeks to examine which variables influence product involvement among young people. This paper aims to explore five variables: age, subjective product knowledge, influence of parents, influence of peers, and product category.Design/methodology/approachThe research was founded on a quantitative field study, whose sample was comprised of 252 young people, ages 4‐15.FindingsThe findings among the entire sample imply that young people's product involvement is explained by all of the variables that were examined. Interesting findings came to light for each one of the age groups: Young children's product‐involvement level was influenced by parents and peers. The product‐involvement level for children was influenced by peers and product category. Adolescents' product‐involvement relies on subjective product knowledge and product category.Originality/valueThese findings expand the existing knowledge about young consumers' behavior patterns and show that the existing models provide a partial picture. In addition, the product‐involvement variable must be seen as a basis for market segmentation of the younger populations. The recommendation is to carefully create segments that examine the different product‐involvement levels among each age group.

Quality of physical surroundings and service encounters, airfare, trust and intention during the flight

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heesup Han ◽  
Jinsoo Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Airline Industry ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Service Encounters ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Repurchase Intentions ◽  
Airline Passengers

Purpose This study aimed to examine young, middle-aged and mature air-travelers’ perceptions of the quality levels of in-flight physical surroundings and service encounters, and investigated the drivers of their repurchase intentions in the low-cost airline industry. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 402 passengers on international flights was used. An ANOVA and a series of multiple-regression analyses based on Baron and Kenny’s (1986) suggestion were used. Findings In general, significant differences in quality attributes were identified across age groups. Additionally, the role of these quality components, perceived level of the airfare and trust in the airline were found to be decisive in low-cost airline passengers’ decision formation. Further, the mediating impact of perceived level of the airfare and trust was identified. Originality/value Research about air-travelers’ decision formation by considering their age is rare in a low-cost airline context. Results of the present study provided meaningful insights for researchers and practitioners in the airline industry.

Age and the pursuit of happiness among immigrants

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 2052-2066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarinda Taengnoi Siemers ◽  
Denise Robson
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Older Immigrants ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how various factors, particularly ones associated with ability to assimilate to a new country such as social capital and human capital, may affect the happiness of immigrants in different age groups. Design/methodology/approach The study utilizes the New Immigrant Survey 2003, which is a nationally representative survey of immigrants who became permanent US residents, to produce four separate ordered logit regressions, each for a different age group, 18-34, 35-49, 50-59, and 60 and older. Findings The empirical results indicate that employment is important to happiness among young immigrants (age 18-34). For middle-aged immigrants happiness is strongly related to family life (i.e. being married, having children), human capital, and wealth. For older immigrants (age 60 and over) happiness is significantly linked to social capital (i.e. involvement in religious institutions, communication ties to friends and family). Practical implications Understanding factors associated with the happiness of immigrants can help communities to undertake appropriate support and services for different age groups. Originality/value The study differentiates what contributes to the happiness of immigrants in different age groups. Most studies only include a binary categorical variable for age groups and do not employ a fully differentiated analysis for age. The study also explores how social capital relates to happiness. Studies of happiness among immigrants mostly omit any role of social capital variable.

Embracing the organic way: is consumer preference the same for all brands?

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-464
Author(s):  
Ritu Mehta ◽  
Sanket Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Product Category ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Brand Extension ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Organic Product ◽  
Parent Brand

PurposeThe growing market for organic products presents a tremendous opportunity for marketers to extend their existing brands. However, there is hardly any research that investigates the factors extension from an organic parent brand is preferred over extension into same product category for success of such brand extensions. This paper investigates the role of two different bases consumers may use to evaluate the extension into organic product – organic status of the parent brand and its similarity to the extended product category.Design/methodology/approachThe study involved a 2 × 2 (organic versus regular parent brand and same versus different product category) between-subjects factorial design. Data collected from 164 postgraduate students presented with one of the four scenarios were analysed using ANOVA.FindingsThe results reveal that extensions from organic parent brand versus regular brand, and in the same product category versus different category, are evaluated more favourably. Moreover, extension from an organic parent brand is preferred over extension into same product category.Originality/valueThe research contributes to the extant literature on branding and retailing by building on categorisation theory to explain consumer preference for brand extension when launching a new organic product. The findings provide valuable insights to practitioners to launch a new organic product using brand extension.

scholarly journals Getting buy-in: financial stakeholders’ commitment to strategic transformation

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Mallon
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Moral Legitimacy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Stakeholder Support ◽  
Resource Commitment ◽  
External Stakeholders ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Strategic Transformation ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose Strategic transformations are likely necessary for all organizations at some point in their existence, but the role of external stakeholders in committing resources to support transformations has been largely overlooked. This paper aims to begin to fill this gap by developing a theoretical model detailing which factors increase the likelihood that financial stakeholders will commit resources to strategic transformation. Design/methodology/approach Neo-institutional and stakeholder theories are applied to the strategic transformation phenomenon to develop six propositions regarding financial stakeholders’ resource commitment to strategic transformation. Findings Moral legitimacy, pragmatic legitimacy and unfamiliarity with the firm directly affect the likelihood that financial stakeholders will commit resources to strategic transformation. Cognitive legitimacy or familiarity amplifies the positive effect of pragmatic legitimacy on resource commitment, and pragmatic legitimacy lessens the negative effect of unfamiliarity with the firm on resource commitment. Originality value This paper lays out a clear conceptual model of the antecedents of financial stakeholders’ resource commitment to strategic transformation, aiding practitioners in securing critical stakeholder support and filling an important gap in strategic transformation/stakeholder literature.

Workplace friendship, psychological safety and innovative behavior in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feiyuan Cao ◽  
Haomin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Psychological Safety ◽  
Innovative Behavior ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Workplace Friendship ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This paper aims to clarify the influences of workplace friendship, psychological safety on employees’ innovative behavior and the moderated role of transformational leadership and face. Design/methodology/approach The current research proposes and tests a theoretic framework to explore the mechanism of workplace friendship in influencing employees’ innovative behavior. Based on a sample of 441 respondents from various Chinese companies, this paper used SPSS 22.0 and Amos 22.0 to examine the hypotheses. Findings Results indicate that workplace friendship positively related to innovative behavior and psychological safety functioned as a mediator between them. Moreover, it examines the moderating roles of transformational leadership and face. Transformational leadership and desire to gain face strengthen the relationship between psychological safety and employees’ innovative behavior but fear of losing face is negatively related to the strength of this relationship. Originality/value The current research is meaningful for managerial practice. Then, the theoretical framework will contribute to providing a new perspective for understanding complex friendship at studies thus explore its boundary conditions, which help to lead to desirable outcomes. Besides, the findings advance nascent theory on face under oriental culture background.

Employee engagement and job performance in Lebanon: the mediating role of creativity

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein Nabil Ismail ◽  
Adnan Iqbal ◽  
Lina Nasr
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between employee engagement and job performance in the country of Lebanon, and to test whether creativity mediates the relationship between engagement and performance. Design/methodology/approach The research sample consisted of 186 respondents working in Lebanese firms. The questionnaire included established measures relating to employee engagement, job performance and creativity – in addition to various demographic questions. Stepwise multiple regression and bootstrapping methods were employed in the analysis of the data. Findings The findings showed a significant positive effect of employee engagement on job performance. However, mediation analysis using bootstrapping methods has shown that creativity has fully mediated the relationship between engagement and performance. Originality/value The study extends previous research and increases the external validity of the findings by investigating the relationship between engagement and performance in new non-western contexts. Moreover, this is one of the first research studies that explores the role of creativity in the relationship between the two variables; this helps in improving our understanding of the model and aids in enhancing the effect of engagement on performance.

Research shows authentic leadership has positive effect on performance and commitment in Iranian tourist sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-48
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Authentic Leadership ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Guilan Province

Purpose The goal was to try to find out if workers in Iranian tourist agencies benefited from the authentic leadership (AL) of their bosses Design/methodology/approach The authors tested out four hypotheses on 216 employees of tourism agencies in the Guilan Province of Iran using a 19-item survey. Out of the 216 questionnaires sent out, they received back 173 valid responses. All four hypotheses were confirmed by the results. Findings The data suggested that authentic leadership (AL) has a significant effect on both employee performance (EP) and organizational commitment (OC). The authors said the results suggested that managers could promote OC, and therefore EP, by adopting an AL style. Originality/value The authors felt their study contributed to research by demonstrating the mediating role of OC in connecting AL to EP. It was also the first study to explore these relationships in the tourism industry in Iran, a significant part of the country's economy.

Is temporal leadership always beneficial? The role of job passion and synchrony preference

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Xiao ◽  
Zhenduo Zhang ◽  
Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Innovative Behavior ◽  
Harmonious Passion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Powerful Explanation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between temporal leadership and employees' innovative behavior while considering the competitive mediators of harmonious and obsessive passions in work situations, along with the moderating role of synchrony preference.Design/methodology/approachInsights from the literature and affective events theory (AET) underpin the hypotheses on whether and how temporal leadership would affect employees' innovative behavior. A total of 365 responses were received, and 336 questionnaires were considered for the analysis. This paper examined the whole model through a path analysis using Mplus 7.4.FindingsThe results indicated the significant effect of temporal leadership on innovative behavior through harmonious passion which is moderated by synchrony preference, such that the positive effects are stronger when employee's synchrony preference is higher.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the emerging literature on temporal management by examining the path of temporal leadership→ job passion→ innovative behavior to deepen knowledge of how temporal leadership may impact employees' innovative behavior. This paper also proposed a collaborative model related to temporal leadership and the synchronization of employees, providing a powerful explanation for the boundary conditions of temporal leadership.

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