How job crafting relates to task performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 672-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Weseler ◽  
Cornelia Niessen
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Reduction Behavior ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Differential Relations ◽  
And Task

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relation between extending and reducing job crafting behavior, cognitive crafting and task performance. Design/methodology/approach – Hierarchical regression analyses of data from 131 employee-supervisor pairs were conducted to analyze the differential relations of five job crafting dimensions to self- and supervisor-rated task performance. Findings – The present study shows that reduction behavior is rated as counterproductive, and extension behavior is rated as productive in terms of task performance by employees themselves. Supervisors rated task performance higher when employees extended their tasks, and lower when they reduced relationships. Research limitations/implications – Future research should test the hypotheses in a longitudinal setting and should focus processes that moderate the differential job crafting-task performance relationships. Originality/value – By distinguishing extending and reducing task and relational boundaries and cognitive crafting, the authors give first evidence to possible negative sides of job crafting.

scholarly journals Perish in gossip? Nonlinear effects of perceived negative workplace gossip on job performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Xie ◽  
Qihai Huang ◽  
Hongli Wang ◽  
Minghao Shen
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
And Task

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the curvilinear relationship between perceived negative workplace gossip and target employee’s task performance, and the moderating roles of perceived organizational support (POS). Design/methodology/approach Using a sample of 275 supervisor–subordinate dyads in a two-wave survey, the authors adopted a hierarchical regression analysis to test the hypotheses. Findings The results revealed that there is a U-shaped relationship between perceived negative workplace gossip and task performance. Moreover, POS moderated the curvilinear relationship such that the curvilinear relationship is more pronounced among those with lower POS. Research limitations/implications This study does not explore the mediating mechanism of how perceived negative gossip affects the target’s task performance. Moreover, as this research was conducted in a Chinese context, the question of the generalizability of the findings calls for more attention. Practical implications When the negative gossip is still in its early stages, managers should realize the potential threat to target employees and take measures to stop and minimize negative gossiping and rumormongering. Furthermore, managers should do their best to find the optimal levels of organizational support for target employees. Originality/value This study is among the first effort to understand how perceived negative gossip can influence the target employees’ performance by proposing and demonstrating a nonlinear relationship. Moreover, by illuminating how POS plays a role in the curvilinear relationship between negative gossip and task performance, the authors not only complement but also extend the literature on workplace gossip and organizational support.

When and why does a “poker face” facilitate workplace creativity?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiyi Chen ◽  
Xinmei Liu ◽  
Xiaojie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Workplace Creativity

PurposeThe authors investigate when and why a subordinate's expressive suppression facilitates workplace creativity, building on the conservation of resources theory and considering the effect of the supervisor's expressive suppression and time pressure as boundary conditions.Design/methodology/approachMultisource data were collected from 132 teams in northwestern China, including 132 supervisors and 648 subordinates. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to test the effects.FindingsThe subordinate’s expressive suppression was positively related to their workplace creativity. Challenge time pressure was positively related to workplace creativity, and the subordinate’s expressive suppression was positively related to workplace creativity when challenge time pressure was lower and the supervisor's expressive suppression was higher. Hindrance time pressure was negatively related to workplace creativity, and a positive relationship between a subordinate's expressive suppression and workplace creativity was also found with less hindrance time pressure and greater expressive suppression by their supervisor.Originality/valueBy examining the role of the supervisor as a source of downward spillovers in various time pressure contexts, the study explains why a subordinate’s suppression facilitates workplace creativity from the conservation of resources perspective.

scholarly journals Contextual and Task Performance: Do Demographic and Organizational variables matter?

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namrita Kalia ◽  
Bhawana Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organizational Variables ◽  
Hotel Employees ◽  
And Task

Purpose Improving employee’s performance has always remained an area of concern in the hospitality industry where employees’ performance is related to customers’ satisfaction. The inadequacy of research work on demographics and organization variables’ influence on contextual and task performance has led to present research. Thus, the purpose of this study is to identify role of demographic and organizational variables in affecting contextual and task performance of hotel employees. Design/methodology/approach Data was collected from a sample of 350 hotel employees. The research is based on primary data and a structured questionnaire. Findings Task performance of employees increases with the age but contextual performance improves up to 40-50 years and then remains constant. Low salaries and job insecurity affected the performance of employees. A change of designation alone, without a corresponding increase in pay, did not enhance the performance of the employees. The type and size of the organization significantly affect job performance. Research limitations/implications The study is a contribution to the theory and practice of employee management and improving employee’s performance. Factors affecting contextual and task performance have been identified. Future research can be conducted based on this study. Practical implications The study has highlighted the significant effect of demographic variables, organizational variables on contextual and task performance of hotel employees. The hotel industry plays an important role in economic development of a country. The study is practically helpful for hotel industry to understand what demographical and organizational variables can be considered to enhance employee’s performance. Originality/value Previous literature has lacked in identifying factors, which can affect the contextual and task performance of hotel employees. The paper is contributing to the existing body of knowledge related to employees’ performance. The managers of hotel industry can use outcome of this research to improve job performance of the employees. Findings open new avenues for future research.

Mastering the art of meeting optimization

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 17-19
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Design Characteristic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
And Task

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings This research paper concentrates on the meeting design characteristic of meeting size in order to uncover how this impacts employee engagement and task performance within an organization. The results revealed that meetings viewed by employees as being effective does boost their engagement level at work. Furthermore small meeting sizes consisting of well-chosen participants transpired to be the most effective format for yielding improved end-of-the-day task performance in the participants. Managers are therefore advised to seek feedback on the relevance of their meeting invitations, and carefully consider who is likely to add value to a meeting. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives, strategists and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Visitors’ use of corridors in internal medicine wards

Facilities ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 313-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lusi Morhayim
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Floor Plan ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Burn Out ◽  
Internal Medicine Wards ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
And Task

Purpose This paper aims to analyze visitors’ waiting behavior in corridors of an internal medicine ward in relation to concepts of territoriality and privacy. Design/methodology/approach Waiting activities, visitors’ room numbers and duration of activities were recorded on a floor plan. Results were tallied according to behavioral and architectural zones in which the activity took place. Findings Locations that are near patient rooms that provide visual and auditory access are largely used as territorial areas for non-privacy-required activities. Ends of corridors, secondary corridors and staircases were mainly used for activities that required some level of privacy such as grieving. Research limitations/implications As is true with post-occupancy evaluations in other single buildings, this research may not be generalizable to all internal medicine wards. Future research could measure whether responding to visitors’ spatial needs could result in lower density and sense of crowding in the corridors, as well as reduce stress and task interruptions and increase efficiency of patient-check rounds. Practical implications The findings indicate that internal medicine wards should include waiting areas near the patient rooms for visitors to be able to keep visual and auditory connection with their patients, as well as areas that provide privacy. This may help lower density, sense of crowding, distraction of medical staff, stress and burn-out and errors, as well as increase the efficiency of patient checks. Originality/value The ways in which architectural design of internal medicine corridors can support visitors’ activities and environmental needs such as territoriality and privacy is an issue that is rarely examined. This paper also adds an example from a non-Western culture, to a literature that is dominated by examples from Western cultures.

Assessing the cultural intelligence and task performance equation

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeevan Jyoti ◽  
Sumeet Kour
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cultural Intelligence ◽  
Cultural Adjustment ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Task

Purpose – Organizations in India are multicultural in nature. In this context, cultural intelligence is a tool, which can increase an individual’s ability to interact with people outside his/her culture. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of cultural intelligence on task performance as well as to investigate the mediating role of cultural adjustment between the two. Design/methodology/approach – Extensive review of literature was done to acknowledge the cultural intelligence and task performance concept. Data for the study has been collected from the 225 managers working in nationalized banks in Jammu province (J&K, India). Data collected has been validated using confirmatory factor analysis and hypotheses have been tested through structural equation modeling. Findings – The study reveals that cultural intelligence significantly contributes toward task performance. The findings further reveal full mediation of cultural adjustment between cultural intelligence and task performance. Research limitations/implications – The study has been conducted in Indian cultural context, which can be extended to other Asian countries. Further, more outcomes of cultural intelligence can be taken into consideration in future for better understanding of the concept. Practical implications – The study contributes toward cultural intelligence theory. Organization should provide cultural training to the managers before sending them to out of home state assignment, which helps to understand the culture of that state and effectively interact with people belonging to that place. Originality/value – The paper empirically identifies the relationship between cultural intelligence and task performance in Indian context. Further, this relationship has been explored by using cultural adjustment as a mediator between the two. The model developed can be used for future research keeping it as a base.

scholarly journals Exploring presenteeism among hospital physicians through the perspective of job crafting

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-314
Author(s):  
Fay Giæver ◽  
Lise Tevik Løvseth
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Job Description ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Longitudinal Methods ◽  
Hospital Physicians ◽  
Context Specific

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to seek a deeper understanding of presenteeism by utilising the perspective of job crafting to explore how a selected group of physicians make sense of their decision to attend work while ill and of their experience of doing so. Job crafting implies that employees not only respond to their job description, but also proactively change tasks, relationships and perceptions in order to experience work in meaningful ways. Design/methodology/approach A narrative methodological framework involving interviews was adopted to explore the ways in which a selected group of 20 Norwegian hospital physicians engaged in job crafting during presenteeism. The resulting data were analysed using theory-led thematic analysis utilizing the theoretical perspective of job crafting. Findings It was evident that physicians were indecisive and insecure when evaluating their own illness, and that, via task, relational and cognitive crafting, they trivialised, endured and showcased their illness, and engaged in presenteeism in various ways. Furthermore, physicians to some extent found themselves caught in dysfunctional circles by contributing to the creation of a work environment where presenteeism was maintained and seen as expected. Research limitations/implications Future research should address a wider range of contexts, and use longitudinal methods to explore the multifaceted, context-specific and evolving nature of presenteeism and job crafting in more depth. Interventions aimed at countering the negative implications of presenteeism should address the issue from both a social and a systemic point of view. Originality/value The findings extend the current understanding of presenteeism by demonstrating the multifaceted and evolving nature of the ways in which personal illness and presenteeism are perceived and enacted over time.

Day-level job crafting and service-oriented task performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inge L. Hulshof ◽  
Evangelia Demerouti ◽  
Pascale M. Le Blanc
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Meaningful Work ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Multilevel Sem

PurposeThis study examines whether job crafting is related to service-oriented task performance (i.e. performance aimed at providing high-quality services) through meaningful work and work engagement.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 156 employees of a Dutch unemployment agency (4 days, 531 observations). Multilevel SEM was used to analyze the data.FindingsResults showed that job crafting was related to service-oriented task performance via meaningful work and work engagement. Specifically, seeking resources and seeking challenges were positively related to service-oriented task performance via meaningful work and work engagement, whereas reducing demands was negatively related to service-oriented task performance via meaningful work and work engagement.Originality/valueThe study concludes that seeking resources and seeking challenges are beneficial for service-oriented task performance.

A Moid of Performance Measures in Baseball

1991 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry S. Courneya ◽  
Packianatian Cheiadurai
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Final Score ◽  
And Task

The study was concerned with empirically confirming the proposed classification of the performance measures in baseball into tertiary, secondary, and primary measures based on their proximity to skill execution and task performance and with the extent to which these measures were contaminated by external factors. The data consisted of various performance measures derived from the box scores of games played by 10 teams from the National Collegiate Athletic Association during the 1988 season (N=381 games). For confirmatory purposes» the total sample was subdivided into home and away samples (N=762 observations). The results of correlational and regression analyses supported the proposition that the secondary measures would be more closely related to the tertiary measures than would the primary measures. Further» ran differential was the superior tertiary measure relative to win/loss and ratio of final score in reflecting skill execution and task performance. Practical applications of the model and directions for future research are then discussed.

Emergence of interpersonal helping in times of crises: a theoretical model of prosperity and eradication of interpersonal helping in organizations

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 2257-2273
Author(s):  
Shih Yung Chou ◽  
Charles Ramser ◽  
Tree Chang ◽  
Bo Han
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Unit Level ◽  
Organizational Crises ◽  
Interpersonal Helping ◽  
The Individual

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to develop a cross-level, theoretical model describing the process by which interpersonal helping becomes conspicuous, as well as the process by which interpersonal helping subsequently prospers or becomes eradicated in the organization.Design/methodology/approachA theoretical analysis was performed by drawing upon various management-related theories.FindingsWe propose that organizational crises foster the emergence of interpersonal helping. Additionally, the positive relationship between organizational crises and interpersonal helping is stronger (or weaker) when individuals possess higher levels of other-oriented (or self-oriented) motives. Furthermore, we propose that a sympathetic climate at the unit level and employee job crafting at the individual level result in the prosperity of interpersonal helping, whereas interpersonal helping is eradicated by a sarcastic atmosphere at the unit level and citizenship pressure at the individual level.Originality/valueTheoretically, we advance the literature by providing future research with a theoretical base for understanding interpersonal helping from a temporal and cross-level perspective. Practically, this article offers some managerial recommendations that help managers nurture interpersonal helping in organizations effectively.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document