curvilinear relationship
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2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benlu Hai ◽  
Ximing Yin ◽  
Jie Xiong ◽  
Jin Chen

AbstractInnovation scholars highlight the economic benefits to firms, while research findings on the relationship between innovation output and economic returns remain mixed. In this study, we develop the profiting from innovation (PFI) framework and address the crucial role of financial constraints in the relationship between innovation output and financial performance. We argue that the liability of newness differentiates firms’ financial performance during the commercialization of innovation, leading to a U-shaped relationship between firms’ innovation output and financial performance. We further document the moderating impact of individual financial constraints (IFC) and market-based financial constraints (MFC) on this curvilinear relationship. Empirical tests based on the 142,972 firm-year observations of the multi-source dataset of Chinese manufacturing firms from 1999–2009 support our hypotheses. The additional analysis shows that non-state-owned enterprises and small and medium enterprises benefit more from the synergistic effect of reductions of IFC and MFC than state-owned enterprises and large firms. Our study enriches the literature of the PFI framework by uncovering the mechanism between innovation output and economic returns where financial constraints play an essential role. To the best of our knowledge, we are among the first to investigate the processes and mechanisms between innovation output and financial performance, generating novel insights for business practitioners and policymakers.


Hydrobiologia ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Free ◽  
Mariano Bresciani ◽  
Monica Pinardi ◽  
Steef Peters ◽  
Marnix Laanen ◽  
...  

AbstractSatellite data from the Climate Change Initiative (CCI) lakes project were used to examine the influence of climate on chlorophyll-a (Chl-a). Nonparametric multiplicative regression and machine learning were used to explain Chl-a concentration trend and dynamics. The main parameters of importance were seasonality, interannual variation, lake level, water temperature, the North Atlantic Oscillation, and antecedent rainfall. No evidence was found for an earlier onset of the summer phytoplankton bloom related to the earlier onset of warmer temperatures. Instead, a curvilinear relationship between Chl-a and the temperature length of season above 20°C (LOS) was found with longer periods of warmer temperature leading to blooms of shorter duration. We suggest that a longer period of warmer temperatures in the summer may result in earlier uptake of nutrients or increased calcite precipitation resulting in a shortening of the duration of phytoplankton blooms. The current scenario of increasing LOS of temperature with climate change may lead to an alteration of phytoplankton phenological cycles resulting in blooms of shorter duration in lakes where nutrients become limiting. Satellite-derived information on lake temperature and Chl-a concentration proved essential in detecting trends at appropriate resolution over time.


2022 ◽  
pp. 178-203
Author(s):  
Joana Pena ◽  
Maria Céu Cortez

This chapter investigates the relationship between the performance and the screening strategies of US and European socially responsible funds. For the full sample and, in particular, for US funds, the results show a curvilinear relationship between screening intensity and fund performance. Continental European funds exhibit a positive relationship between the number of screens and performance. Furthermore, for the full sample and US funds, screening on governance impacts performance positively. In turn, environment and products screens have a negative impact on US fund performance. Finally, funds certified with social labels tend to yield higher performance. Overall, the geographical differences in the impact of the screening process on SRI fund performance are consistent with the contextual nature of socially responsible investments.


2022 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0

Building on the elaboration likelihood model (ELM) and absorptive capacity, this study develops a four-dimensional model of idea adoption in Virtual Crowdsourcing Communities (VCCs) and examines the influence of different persuasion cues on idea adoption. The research model was tested using hierarchical logistic regression based on a dataset from the Tableau community. The results show that both community recognition of users and community recognition of ideas are positively related to idea adoption. Proactive user engagement has a significant positive impact on idea adoption, while reactive user engagement has no significant impact. Idea content quality, represented by idea length and supporting arguments, has an inverted U-shaped relationship with idea adoption. Community absorptive capacity positively moderates the curvilinear relationship between idea content quality and idea adoption. These results contribute to a better elucidation of the persuasion mechanisms underlying idea adoption in VCCs, and thus provide important implications for open innovation research and practice.


2021 ◽  
pp. 135481662110563
Author(s):  
Paulo H A Feitosa ◽  
Amanda B A Silva

The notion of competitiveness receives growing attention in the tourism literature as it is recognized as a central factor for success in the visitor economy. Despite the enthusiasm for the promised benefits of this approach, there are gaps in understanding the limits and possibilities of making the destination competitive by attracting visitors and expanding their spending, providing a satisfying experience. We study international business tourism in Sao Paulo city to empirically explore how length of stay determines different dimensions of tourist satisfaction. Estimates indicate that length of stay negatively affects the satisfaction dimensions studied. Likewise, there is no evidence of the existence of a curvilinear relationship between these variables. Implications for policy makers and business management are presented.


2021 ◽  
pp. 014920632110444
Author(s):  
Sara Jansen Perry ◽  
Natalia M. Lorinkova ◽  
Melih Madanoglu

Across three studies, we integrate relational leadership theory with affective events theory to examine the leader perspective in dyadic relationships and how this perspective influences differential leader behaviors directed toward each subordinate in terms of safety enforcement. First, in two field studies with different high-risk contexts, we delineate a curvilinear relationship between supervisor-rated leader–member exchange (SLMX) and safety enforcement. In our second field study we also examine the moderating role of leaders’ safety commitment as well as the linkage between safety enforcement and accidents. Finally, in a fully randomized experiment, we explore three relational dynamics as mechanisms of the effect of SLMX on safety enforcement—trust, consideration, and liking. Through these efforts, we offer rare direct tests of the theoretical assertion that leader–member exchange includes differential treatment based on affective relationship cues within a leader-and-subordinate relationship. Our two field studies reveal that leaders are likely to monitor safety most closely for low- and high-SLMX subordinates, but mid-SLMX subordinates are most likely to be overlooked. This U-shaped relationship emerges only for less committed leaders, and safety enforcement translates these effects to actual accidents. Our experimental study reveals a similar U shape between liking and enforcement, but a positive relationship emerges between distrust and enforcement, as well as between consideration on enforcement. These results shed insight into theoretical and practical implications for how leaders can foster a safer workplace for all.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sai Zhou ◽  
Shuqing Shi ◽  
Chang Xie ◽  
Gong Chen

Abstract Background: Previous studies have declared that smoking is a risk factor for postoperative delirium (POD), but others have inconsistent results. Up till now, the association between smoking and POD has not been verified. This study aims to investigate the relationship between smoking and POD in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) in the United States.Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of a retrospective cohort study completed by Aalap C. et al. Patients with PHTN who underwent non-cardiac, non-obstetric surgery were enrolled in the original study. We further excluded the patients undergoing intracranial surgery and the patients with sepsis and perioperative stroke to avoid interference with POD assessment. The generalized linear model and generalized additive model were used to explore the relationship between smoking and POD.Results: After adjusting the potential confounders (age, gender, BMI, poor functional status, PHTN severity, some comorbidities such as hypertension, angina, coronary artery disease, arrhythmia, COPD, asthma, diabetes and renal failure, length of surgery, open surgical approach, intraabdominal surgery, intrathoracic surgery, vascular surgery, some medications such as anticoagulant, antiplatelet, steroids, statin, and atropine, some inhalational anesthesia agent such as isoflurane and sevoflurane), a positive relationship was found between smoking status and POD (OR=5.61, 95% CI: 1.14 to 27.51, P=0.0334). In addition, the curvilinear relationship between smoking burden (pack-years) and POD is close to a linear relationship.Conclusion: Smoking shows a positive correlation with POD in patients with PHTN. Surgical individuals need to prevent POD especially those with a heavy smoking burden.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 637-653
Author(s):  
Maarten Johannes van Bezouw ◽  
Jojanneke van der Toorn ◽  
Ali Honari ◽  
Arieke J. Rijken

Seeing the sociopolitical system as fair and legitimate is important for people’s participation in civic duties, political action, and the functioning of society in general. However, little is known about when migrants, without life-long socialization in a certain system, justify the sociopolitical system of their host country and how system justification influences their political participation. We examined antecedents of system justification using a survey among Iranian migrants in eight European countries (N = 935). Subsequently, we examined the relationship between system justification and political participation intentions. We found that system justification beliefs are generally high in our sample, mainly stemming from an assessment of opportunity to achieve changes in intergroup relations. Stronger social identity threat, feeling disadvantaged, a longer residence in Europe, and perceived intergroup stability all relate to less system justification. Conversely, stronger efficacy beliefs bolster system justification. Furthermore, we found some support for a curvilinear relationship between system justification and political participation intentions, but the size of this effect is small. The results show that the high levels of system justification of Iranian migrants are at risk when discrimination and disadvantage are perceived to be stable facets of society. Surprisingly, political participation to better Iranian migrants’ societal position is barely affected by system justification. We discuss implications and further research that can increase understanding of system justification among migrants.


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