Prospects for Russian politics in 2018

Subject Prospects for Russian politics in 2018. Significance With no significant challenge emerging ahead of the March 2018 presidential election, Vladimir Putin is set to win one more term. He will probably run as an independent rather than seek the backing of the United Russia party. A handful of other candidates will be allowed to compete: the heads of three parliamentary parties plus media personality Xenia Sobchak.

Subject Soft versus hard versions of nationalism in Belarus. Significance Under pressure from Moscow to make concessions on energy and political relations, President Alexander Lukashenka is trying to turn this to his advantage by presenting himself as the sole effective defender of Belarusian independence. The opposition is warning Lukashenka not to submit to Russian expansionism, making this a central issue for a presidential election due by August 30. Moscow may consider backing an alternative to Lukashenka, but pressing too hard might be counterproductive. Impacts A sudden economic downturn caused by oil supply problems could provoke apolitical and less controllable protests. Constitutional changes in Russia reduce the likelihood that Vladimir Putin wants to head a unified Russian-Belarusian state. Lukashenka will try to rally support from other Eurasian Economic Union leaders in his campaign for better trade terms with Russia. The president will use US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo's visit and EU engagement as a partial balance against Russia.


Subject Prospects for Russian foreign policy in 2017. Significance President Vladimir Putin and senior Russian officials have hailed Donald Trump's victory in the US presidential election. Putin acknowledged that repairing bilateral relations would not be easy. Although some of Trump's campaign remarks will have pleased Moscow, the lack of clarity on what he will do in office means that a rapid 'reset' is not in sight. Moscow aspires to being treated as an equal superpower with its own spheres of interest, and has deployed military power and strong rhetoric to win this. The result is a deteriorating relationship with Western governments.


Subject Prospects for Russian politics in 2017 Significance The authority of President Vladimir Putin was tested at home and abroad in 2016. While the economy continued to struggle, he enjoyed successes with the parliamentary elections and his robust interventionism in Syria, where Russia established itself as the key external player. His success abroad has bolstered his domestic popularity.


Subject Prospects for Russian politics in 2022. Significance Now that the Kremlin has dealt with the immediate domestic policy priorities of constitutional change and parliamentary elections, 2022 will be a year of consolidation and continuity. The administration's focus will be on preparing what it regards as optimal, stable conditions for the presidential election in 2024. The Communist Party has a chance to build popularity among anti-government voters, but may not be bold enough given the Kremlin's limited tolerance for rebellious behaviour.


Subject The Orthodox Church and Russian politics. Significance As the Russian government prepares for September parliamentary elections, it can count on staunch support from the Orthodox Church. The clerical leadership is vocally supportive of President Vladimir Putin, and shares his vision of a separate, conservative Russia. In turn, the church benefits from state beneficence and welcomes Putin's attacks on 'Western' civil liberties. Impacts The church's influence may dilute the appeal of the Communist Party, with overlapping demographics. Church establishment ties to Putin will undermine its credibility among liberal-minded Russians, and some clerics too. Amid economic hardship, church leaders will preach such non-materialistic values as patriotism and traditional family attitudes.


Significance Turnout was low, but President Vladimir Putin and other officials have dismissed the significance of this. The new parliament will contain the same parties as its predecessor: United Russia, the Communist Party, the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia (LDPR) and Just Russia. The liberal opposition failed to increase its low level of support. United Russia's success is a victory for Dmitry Medvedev, whose position as prime minister seems more secure than before. Impacts United Russia's three-quarters Duma majority will simplify the passage of constitutional amendments. This power may be used after the 2018 presidential election to remove limits on Putin's terms in office. The 50% of new Duma members who represent constituencies are liable to lobby for local interests. The low turnout suggests opposition-minded voters are demoralised or apathetic.


Subject Prospects for Russian politics in 2016. Significance This has been another challenging year for President Vladimir Putin. Russian foreign policy adventures have plunged relations with the West to a new low, the economy continues to struggle and the assassination of Boris Nemtsov has exposed elite-level divisions. However, although the economic situation has forced the Kremlin to restrain budgetary spending, Russia's opposition is weak and demoralised.


Subject Prospects for Russian politics to end-2017. Significance President Vladimir Putin is likely to announce in late summer that he will run for re-election in March 2018. Regional elections in September will provide indications of strategies for boosting turnout in the presidential contest. Electoral activity amid ongoing economic problems creates scope for popular protest, which the authorities can contain, and for competition in governing circles that will become more visible in Putin's next term. Hopes that US and EU sanctions may ease or end have all but disappeared.


Significance The list contains the names of officials and members of the business elite whom the US authorities regard as part of or closely linked to the 'inner circle' of President Vladimir Putin. Impacts Congressional pressure for tougher penalties for Russia's alleged interference in the 2016 presidential election will continue. US-Russian engagement on Syria and North Korea is unlikely to be affected by the 'oligarch' list. Publication of the list is unlikely to prompt changes to EU sanctions policy.


Subject Prospects for Russian domestic politics and foreign policy to end-2016. Significance Elections to Russia's State Duma in September provide a focus for public criticism of the governing party, United Russia, but its victory is assured. In foreign policy, the emerging rapprochement with Turkey after months of animosity shows that President Vladimir Putin is prepared to adopt a more conciliatory tone in some areas in an attempt to reduce Russia's isolation.


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