Transient Ground Potential Rises at a nuclear fusion experimental power plant hit directly by a lightning strike

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winston Ruan ◽  
Simon Fortin ◽  
Farid Paul Dawalibi ◽  
Francois Grange ◽  
Sebastien Journet
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Fusion ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Ground Potential

A proposal of nuclear fusion power plant equipped with SMES

2000 ◽  
Vol 51-52 ◽  
pp. 351-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Natsukawa ◽  
Hirokazu Makamura ◽  
Marta Molinas ◽  
Shinichi Nomura ◽  
Shunji Tsuji-Iio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Fusion ◽  
Fusion Power ◽  
Fusion Power Plant

scholarly journals Impact of Lightning Protection Grounding System on the Ground Surface Potential of Substations

2022 ◽  
Vol 2148 (1) ◽  
pp. 012049
Author(s):  
Tingji Chen ◽  
Lian Yang ◽  
Weibing Gu ◽  
Haiyang Gao ◽  
Junchi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Surface ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
Metal Structure ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Lightning Protection ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
Lightning Flash ◽  
Grounding System ◽  
Multiple Electrodes ◽  
Ground Potential

Abstract Grounding device is an indispensable facility for lightning protection of buildings. Nowadays, SGCC (State Grid Corporation of China) is promoting steel structure substations, which are made of metal as a whole including the roof. There are now several grounding approaches when the roof was struck by a lightning flash, including external grounding, nearby grounding, separate grounding and common grounding. This paper took a metal structure substation in Nanjing as an example and calculated its ground potential in case of different grounding system. We came to such conclusions: 1) For substations of separate grounding system, the ground potential after a lightning strike could reach as high as 743.5kV and 230kV with a single earthing electrode and multiple electrodes respectively. 1000μs after the strike, the ground potential is 91.57 kV, which is still a significant threat to humans and equipment inside. 2) Nearby grounding and external grounding are both common grounding system. The peak of ground potential after a lightning strike is 101.4kV and 109kV respectively, much lower than that of separate grounding system. They also have similar waveform and peak time. 3) 3500μs after the lightning strike, the ground potential all over the grid is around 36V. 4) Separate grounding is not a sound choice of grounding system for steel structure substations. From the perspective of cost and discharging capacity, nearby grounding is the most reasonable scheme for a steel structure substation.

Effects of Various Earth Grid Configurations on Ground Potential Rise Caused by Lightning Strike

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
F.P. Madrin ◽  
H. Widyaputera ◽  
E. Supriyanto ◽  
Z.A. Malek ◽  
M.A.A. Taib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesh Size ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Grounding Grid ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ground Potential ◽  
Grid Mesh

Ground Potential Rise (GPR) caused by lightning strike is a potential hazard for electrical equipment inside an oil and gas refinery plant. In order to mitigate the risk, horizontal grounding grid is applied. The best mitigation is to install a grounding grid with mesh size as small as possible. This condition requires a high cost. In order to obtain the optimal mesh size, a series of simulation of a grounding grid with mesh size variations on GPR caused by lightning strike has been carried out. CDEGS software was used to observe the GPR with various mesh size from 6.5 x 6.5 m to 20 x 20 m. Simulation results show that the maximum transient GPR rises as the grounding grid mesh size is increased, while the GPR distribution throughout the grounding grid area does not change much for different mesh sizes. In the other hand, decreasing the grid size would mean that more conductors are required, hence the cost would increase accordingly. The result shows that grid sizes from 6.5 x 6.5 m up to 20 x 20 m have no significant difference in term of GPR. In term of cost, 10 x 10 m does not show significant difference with 20 x 20 m, on the other hand, there is a significant difference for grid sizes 1 x 1 m to 10 x 10 m. From the results, grid sizes between 10 x 10 m up to 20 x 20 m are still applicable as stated in Petronas Technical. To comply with proper GPR value, additional protection devices are needed to protect the electrical equipment from potential damage.Keywords –GPR, grounding grid, mesh size

Frequency and Time Response of Power Plant Grounding System Exposed to Lightning Strike

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 512
Author(s):  
Srete N Nikolovski ◽  
Zoran Baus ◽  
Goran Knežević
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Scalar Potential ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Fast Fourier Transformation ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Grounding System ◽  
Lightning Current ◽  
Electric And Magnetic Field

This paper examines the frequency response of power plant grounding system exposed to the lightning current. Large amount of current generated by the stroke flow in the grounding system of power plant and dissipate in the soil.  The electric and magnetic field generated by such high voltages and currents may cause damage of equipment and may be dangerous for the personnel in power plant.  For the every given frequency obtained using Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) of lightning current impulse, electromagnetic field theory approach is used to solve Maxell’s equation and compute scalar potential, electric and magnetic field. Also, the influence of the point in which lightning current is diffused in the grounding system is presented. Three dimensional plots of spatial distribution of scalar potential, electric and magnetic field are presented. The time domain response of scalar potential, electric and magnetic field on one profile is also presented.

scholarly journals Five-Year Performance of an ESE Lightning Protection System for a Large Scale PV Power Plant in Thailand

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2106
Author(s):  
Rungphet Kongnok ◽  
Thanakorn Pummaitong ◽  
Boonyang Plangklang
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Lightning Protection ◽  
Performance Review ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Shading Effects ◽  
Installation Cost

This article presents a five-year performance review of an early streamer emission (ESE) air terminal lightning protection system for a large scale PV power plant in Thailand. The comparison effect of a Franklin lightning protection system and the ESE lightning protection system was analyzed for the PV power plant. The ESE lightning protection system was selected to be implemented in the PV power plant. The capacity of the PV power plant studied was 8 MWp on an area of 150,000 square meters in the Nong Ya Plong district, Phetchaburi province, Western Thailand. A Franklin lightning rod type was also designed to be implemented in this PV power plant. The Franklin lightning rod type comprised 122 pieces but the ESE lightning rod type consisted of only 11 pieces. The conceptual design of the Franklin rod type followed the standard of the Council of Engineers, Thailand, and the ESE lightning rod type followed the NFC17102 standard of France. The estimated cost of installation was a key comparison to select the lightning protection system; the total installation cost of the Franklin lightning rod type was USD 197,363.80 and the ESE lightning rod type was USD 44,338.06. The lightning system was applied to the lightning arrester in the power plant to provide good protection, in which the balance of the pole to the mounting position is required to optimize the system performance. The result of the simulation also showed that the shading effects of the Franklin rod type were greater than the ESE rod type. The installation cost of the Franklin lightning rod type was 4.45 times more expensive than the ESE lightning rod type. Therefore, the ESE lightning protection system was selected to be implemented in the PV power plant. From the recorded data of the five-year performance of the ESE lightning protection system (2016–2020), there were three occurrences of a lightning strike on the PV power plant. The ESE lightning protection system effectively protected and prevented the lightning strike to the PV power plant. This study can help and support with the selection of a lightning system for the protection of large scale PV power plants in the future.

scholarly journals Impact of Earthing System Designs and Soil Characteristics on Tower Footing Impedance and Ground Potential Rise: A Modelling Approach for Sustainable Power Operation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8370
Author(s):  
Nur Alia Farina Mohamad Nasir ◽  
Mohd Zainal Abidin Ab Kadir ◽  
Miszaina Osman ◽  
Muhamad Safwan Abd Rahman ◽  
Ungku Anisa Ungku Amirulddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Sustainable Operation ◽  
Power Operation ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Sustainable Power ◽  
System Designs ◽  
Ground Potential ◽  
Modelling Approach

Improving a tower earthing system by reducing the impedance is an effective solution to prevent back flashover from occurring and thus maintaining the sustainable operation of power supply. Knowledge of the soil and earthing structure is an important element when designing an earthing system and to determine the parameters of a transmission line (TL). This paper presents the computation of soil structure interpretation based on several earthing designs using current distribution, electromagnetic interference, grounding, and soil structure analysis (CDEGS) software. The results showed that each tower has a multi-layer soil structure and it was also found that the soil resistivity at the surface layer strongly affected the earthing impedance. Subsequently, it was demonstrated that soil structure and the earthing design arrangement are the two parameters that significantly affected the ground potential rise (GPR). This aspect affects the resistance and impulse impedance of a tower and thus influences the performance of the TL system when subjected to lightning strike, which is undoubtedly one of the major culprits of power outages in Malaysia.

Erratum to “A proposal of nuclear fusion power plant equipped with SMES”

2001 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 645
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Matsukawa ◽  
Hirokazu Nakamura ◽  
Marta Molinas ◽  
Shinichi Nomura ◽  
Shunji Tsuji-Iio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Fusion ◽  
Fusion Power ◽  
Fusion Power Plant

scholarly journals CONSTRUCTION PROBLEMS OF VOLUME PROTECTED BY AIR-TERMINATION ROD FOR THE UKRAINIAN NUCLEAR POWER PLANT UNDER STANDARD EN 62305

2019 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
О.Ye. Istomin ◽  
D.G. Koliushko ◽  
S.V. Kiprych ◽  
S.S. Rudenko
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Decomposition Method ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Rolling Sphere

Mathematical analysis of the rolling sphere method was performed to develop a model for constructing of volume protected by rod air-termination in accordance with EN 62305:2012 for the protection of nuclear power plants objects from direct lightning strike. The necessity of development of the corresponding mathematical model for similar objects is shown, and the direction of its realization with the help of decomposition method is proposed. The mathematical models for calculation of protection zones of single and double air-termination rods of arbitrary height and location are developed. Directions of further researches are formed.

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