Effect of Xiaoyaosan on Changes of Behavior in Chronic Immobilization Stress Rats

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-xu Chen ◽  
Jie Ding ◽  
Yuan Liang ◽  
Hong-mei Rao ◽  
Ai-jun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Chronic Immobilization Stress

Chronic immobilization stress induces anxiety-related behaviors and affects brain essential minerals in male rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zafer Sahin ◽  
Alpaslan Ozkurkculer ◽  
Omer Faruk Kalkan ◽  
Ahmet Ozkaya ◽  
Aynur Koc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Center Area ◽  
Chronic Immobilization Stress

Abstract. Alterations of essential elements in the brain are associated with the pathophysiology of many neuropsychiatric disorders. It is known that chronic/overwhelming stress may cause some anxiety and/or depression. We aimed to investigate the effects of two different chronic immobilization stress protocols on anxiety-related behaviors and brain minerals. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups as follows ( n = 10/group): control, immobilization stress-1 (45 minutes daily for 7-day) and immobilization stress-2 (45 minutes twice a day for 7-day). Stress-related behaviors were evaluated by open field test and forced swimming test. In the immobilization stress-1 and immobilization stress-2 groups, percentage of time spent in the central area (6.38 ± 0.41% and 6.28 ± 1.03% respectively, p < 0.05) and rearing frequency (2.75 ± 0.41 and 3.85 ± 0.46, p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) were lower, latency to center area (49.11 ± 5.87 s and 44.92 ± 8.04 s, p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively), were higher than the control group (8.65 ± 0.49%, 5.37 ± 0.44 and 15.3 ± 3.32 s, respectively). In the immobilization stress-1 group, zinc (12.65 ± 0.1 ppm, p < 0.001), magnesium (170.4 ± 1.7 ppm, p < 0.005) and phosphate (2.76 ± 0.1 ppm, p < 0.05) levels were lower than the control group (13.87 ± 0.16 ppm, 179.31 ± 1.87 ppm and 3.11 ± 0.06 ppm, respectively). In the immobilization stress-2 group, magnesium (171.56 ± 1.87 ppm, p < 0.05), phosphate (2.44 ± 0.07 ppm, p < 0.001) levels were lower, and manganese (373.68 ± 5.76 ppb, p < 0.001) and copper (2.79 ± 0.15 ppm, p < 0.05) levels were higher than the control group (179.31 ± 1.87 ppm, 3.11 ± 0.06 ppm, 327.25 ± 8.35 ppb and 2.45 ± 0.05 ppm, respectively). Our results indicated that 7-day chronic immobilization stress increased anxiety-related behaviors in both stress groups. Zinc, magnesium, phosphate, copper and manganese levels were affected in the brain.

Compounds from Ilex paraguariensis extracts have antioxidant effects in the brains of rats subjected to chronic immobilization stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 1172-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana C. Colpo ◽  
Maria Eduarda de Lima ◽  
Marisol Maya-López ◽  
Hemerson Rosa ◽  
Cristina Márquez-Curiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Species Formation ◽  
Lipid And Protein Oxidation ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Chronic Immobilization Stress

Immobilization induces oxidative damage to the brain. Ilex paraguariensis extracts (Mate) and their major natural compound, chlorogenic acid (CGA), exert protective effects against reactive oxygen species formation. Here, the effects of Mate and CGA on oxidative damage induced by chronic immobilization stress (CIS) in the cortex, hippocampus, and striatum were investigated. For CIS, animals were immobilized for 6 h every day for 21 consecutive days. Rats received Mate or CGA by intragastric gavage 30 min before every restraint session. Endpoints of oxidative stress (levels of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) forms of glutathione) were evaluated following CIS. While CIS increased oxidized lipid and carbonyl levels in all brain regions, CGA (and Mate to a lesser extent) attenuated lipid and protein oxidation as compared with control groups. GSH/GSSG balance showed a tendency to increase in all regions in response to stress and antioxidants. Taken together, our results support a protective role of dietary antioxidants against the neuronal consequences of stress.

Neurogenesis inhibition in the dorsal vagal complex by chronic immobilization stress in the adult rat

Neuroscience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 524-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Chigr ◽  
F. Rachidi ◽  
S. Segura ◽  
S. Mahaut ◽  
C. Tardivel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Dorsal Vagal Complex ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Chronic Immobilization Stress

scholarly journals Anti-Stress and Anti-Depressive Effects of Spinach Extracts on a Chronic Stress-Induced Depression Mouse Model through Lowering Blood Corticosterone and Increasing Brain Glutamate and Glutamine Levels

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeonwi Son ◽  
Soonwoong Jung ◽  
Jung Shin ◽  
Min Kang ◽  
Hyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Free Amino ◽  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Depressed Group ◽  
Chronic Immobilization Stress

Spinach is one of the most widely consumed vegetables, and is known as for both physical and mental health maintenance. However, there is little information about how spinach protects one from stress. In the present study, we created three extracts from Spinach oleracea L., (frozen powder (FP), water extract (WE), and ethanol extract (EE)), and examined their anti-stress and anti-depressive effects on mouse using a chronic immobilization stress (CIS) regimen. FP, WE, and EE showed different free amino acid constituents. Calorie-balanced diets derived from each extract were tested for their ability to reduce blood corticosterone (CORT) levels in naïve mice. Diets supplemented with FP or EE induced lower blood CORT levels than a normal diet, but the WE diet did not. Mobility duration and sucrose preference were increased by FP and EE supplementation in the CIS-induced depression animal models. Moreover, FP and EE increased glutamate and glutamine levels in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) compared with CIS-induced depressed group. These results suggest that spinach has anti-stress and anti-depressive properties by lowering CORT and increasing glutamate and glutamine levels in the mPFC.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Metabolic Responses to Chronic Immobilization Stress in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-165
Author(s):  
Ienass Bahaa El-Dein ◽  
Mona Ahmed ◽  
Nevine Soliman ◽  
Noha Lasheen ◽  
Doaa Abou-Bakr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Chronic Immobilization Stress

scholarly journals Sex Differences in the Subcellular Distribution of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor 1 in the Rat Hippocampus following Chronic Immobilization Stress

Neuroscience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 383 ◽  
pp. 98-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena R. McAlinn ◽  
Batsheva Reich ◽  
Natalina H. Contoreggi ◽  
Renata Poulton Kamakura ◽  
Andreina G. Dyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Subcellular Distribution ◽  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Rat Hippocampus ◽  
Chronic Immobilization Stress

Chronic immobilization stress primes the hippocampal opioid system for oxycodone‐associated learning in female but not male rats

Synapse ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. e22088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Batsheva Reich ◽  
Yan Zhou ◽  
Ellen Goldstein ◽  
Sudarshan S. Srivats ◽  
Natalina H. Contoreggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Opioid System ◽  
Chronic Immobilization Stress

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Resveratrol against Chronic Immobilization Stress on Testis

ISRN Urology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulsah Bitgul ◽  
Isil Tekmen ◽  
Didem Keles ◽  
Gulgun Oktay
Keyword(s):  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Stress Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Stress Application ◽  
Chronic Immobilization Stress

Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate protective effects of resveratrol, a strong antioxidant, against possible negative effects of chronic immobilization stress on testes of male rats histochemically, immunohistochemically, ultrastructurally, and biochemically. Material and Methods. Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (n=7). Group I, control group (C), was not exposed to stress. Group II, stress group (S), was exposed to chronic immobilization stress. In Group III, low dose resveratrol + stress group (LRS), rats were given 10 mg/kg/day resveratrol just before the stress application. In Group IV, high dose resveratrol + stress group (HRS), rats were given 20 mg/kg/day resveratrol just before the stress application. For chronic immobilization stress application animals were put in the plastic tubes (6 cm in diameter, 15 cm in length) during 32 days for 6 hours. All animals were sacrificed 18 hours after the last stress application. Results. Histochemical and ultrastructural investigations showed that in stress group there was germ cell deprivation in seminiferous tubules and increase of connective tissue on interstitial area. No significant changes were seen in low and high dose resveratrol groups. After immunohistochemical investigations, TUNEL (+) and Active Caspase-3 (+) cells were increased in seminiferous tubules of stress group compared with those control group, but they were decreased in low and high dose resveratrol groups. According to biochemically results, MDA, GSH, and testosterone levels in stress group showed no significant difference when compared with those of the other groups. Conclusion. The chronic immobilization stress increases oxidative stress and apoptosis and causes histological tissue damages; resveratrol can minimize the histological damage in testes significantly.

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