Continuous and pulsed X-ray induced partial discharges: similarities and differences

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Silva ◽  
V. Swinka-Filho ◽  
R. Robert
Keyword(s):  
Partial Discharges ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Similarities And Differences

scholarly journals Crystal Chemical Relations in the Shchurovskyite Family: Synthesis and Crystal Structures of K2Cu[Cu3O]2(PO4)4 and K2.35Cu0.825[Cu3O]2(PO4)4

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 807
Author(s):  
Ilya V. Kornyakov ◽  
Sergey V. Krivovichev
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Crystal Chemical ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Complexity Measures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Family ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Related Compounds

Single crystals of two novel shchurovskyite-related compounds, K2Cu[Cu3O]2(PO4)4 (1) and K2.35Cu0.825[Cu3O]2(PO4)4 (2), were synthesized by crystallization from gaseous phase and structurally characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystal structures of both compounds are based upon similar Cu-based layers, formed by rods of the [O2Cu6] dimers of oxocentered (OCu4) tetrahedra. The topologies of the layers show both similarities and differences from the shchurovskyite-type layers. The layers are connected in different fashions via additional Cu atoms located in the interlayer, in contrast to shchurovskyite, where the layers are linked by Ca2+ cations. The structures of the shchurovskyite family are characterized using information-based structural complexity measures, which demonstrate that the crystal structure of 1 is the simplest one, whereas that of 2 is the most complex in the family.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Technical Investigation of English Portrait Miniatures Attributed to Nicholas Hilliard and Isaac Oliver

Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1165-1181
Author(s):  
Flavia Fiorillo ◽  
Lucia Burgio ◽  
Christine Slottved Kimbriel ◽  
Paola Ricciardi
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Scientific Methodology ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Artistic Practice ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Miniature Painting ◽  
Entire Career ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Victoria And Albert Museum

This study presents the results of the technical investigation carried out on several English portrait miniatures painted in the 16th and 17th century by Nicholas Hilliard and Isaac Oliver, two of the most famous limners working at the Tudor and Stuart courts. The 23 objects chosen for the analysis, spanning almost the entire career of the two artists, belong to the collections of the Victoria and Albert Museum (London) and the Fitzwilliam Museum (Cambridge). A non-invasive scientific methodology, comprising of stereo and optical microscopies, Raman microscopy, and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, was required for the investigation of these small-scale and fragile objects. The palettes and working techniques of the two artists were characterised, focusing in particular on the examination of flesh tones, mouths, and eyes. These findings were also compared to the information written in the treatises on miniature painting circulating during the artists’ lifetime. By identifying the materials and techniques most widely employed by the two artists, this study provides information about similarities and differences in their working methods, which can help to understand their artistic practice as well as contribute to matters of attribution.

Syntheses and Properties of k-Phase Organic Superconductors

1992 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hau Wang ◽  
K. D. Carlson ◽  
U. Geiser ◽  
A. M. Kini ◽  
A. J. Schultz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Density Wave ◽  
Spin Density Wave ◽  
Organic Superconductors ◽  
Organic Superconductor ◽  
X Ray ◽  
New Class ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Similarities And Differences

ABSTRACTThe syntheses and physical properties of K-(ET)2CU[N(CN)2]X (X = Br and Cl) are summarized. The K-(ET)2Cu [N(CN)2] Br salt is the highest Tc radical-cation based ambient pressure organic superconductor (Tc = 11.6 K), and the K-(ET)2CU [N(CN)2] C1 salt becomes a superconductor at even higher Tc under 0.3 kbar hydrostatic pressure (Tc = 12.8 K). The similarities and differences between K-(ET)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br and K-(ET)2CU(NCS)2 (TC = 10.4 K) are presented. The X-ray structures at 127 K reveal that the S-S contacts shorten between ET dimers in the former compound while the S-S contacts shorten within dimers in the latter. The differences in their ESR linewidth behavior is also explained in terms of the structural differences. A semiconducting compound, (ET)Cu[N(CN)2]2, isolated during K-(ET)2Cu[N(CN)2]Cl synthesis is also reported. The ESR measurements of the K-(ET)2Cu[N(CN)2]Cl salt indicate that the phase transition near 40 K is similar to the spin density wave transition in (TMTSF)2SbF6. A new class of organic superconductors, K-(ET)2CU2(CN)3 and K-(ET)2Cu2(CN)3.δBrδ, is reported with Tc's of 2.8 K (1.5 kbar) and 2.6 K (1 kbar), respectively.

scholarly journals Kesterites and Chalcopyrites: A Comparison of Close Cousins

2011 ◽  
Vol 1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Repins ◽  
Nirav Vora ◽  
Carolyn Beall ◽  
Su-Huai Wei ◽  
Yanfa Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional ◽  
Materials Characterization ◽  
Induced Current ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electron Beam Induced Current ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Secondary Ion ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTChalcopyrite solar cells based on CuInSe2 and associated alloys have demonstrated high efficiencies, with current annual shipments in the hundreds of megawatts (MW) range and increasing. Largely due to concern over possible indium (In) scarcity, a related set of materials, the kesterites, which comprise Cu2ZnSnS4 and associated alloys, has received increasing attention. Similarities and differences between kesterites and chalcopyrites are discussed as drawn from theory, depositions, and materials characterization. In particular, we discuss predictions from density functional theory, results from vacuum co-evaporation, and characterization via x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, electron beam-induced current, quantum efficiency, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, and luminescence.

scholarly journals X-ray and Gamma-ray Observations of Pulsars

1981 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 241-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Buccheri
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Radio Pulsars ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Special Regard ◽  
Energy Domain ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Measurements of pulsars in the energy domain above ~ 1 keV have provided in the last few years new and interesting results. This paper presents a review of the observational features of PSR 0531+21 and PSR 0833–45 (the Crab and Vela pulsars). Searches for pulsed emission from old radio pulsars in the same energy domain are also reviewed and results assessed. The comparison of the observed features with each other and with the corresponding features observed at lower energies reveals similarities and differences capable to constrain theoretical models with special regard to the geometry of the emission mechanisms.

scholarly journals The Jets in Micro-Quasars and Quasars: A Comparison

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 709-713
Author(s):  
Ralph Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Radio Galaxies ◽  
Relativistic Jets ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
X Ray Binaries ◽  
Quasars And Radio Galaxies

AbstractThe discovery of relativistic jets in radio emitting X-ray binaries in our own galaxy has led to the term ‘microquasar’ being coined for these objects. In this paper the properties of microquasars are compared with those of quasars and radio galaxies, with the aim of trying to see how the similarities and differences can inform us about the physical conditions and evolution of jets. GRS1915+105 and SS433 are also discussed in more detail.

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