Experimental Results For The First Magnetization Curve Obtained Using An Original Device

Author(s):  
P. C. Andrei ◽  
M. Maricaru ◽  
M. Stanculescu ◽  
I. F. Hantila ◽  
V. Manescu ◽  
...  
1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1747-1749
Author(s):  
H. Markert

Abstract A new theory of the magnetization process in plastically deformed nickel single crystals of single slip orientation is outlined. It is based on the interaction between the (101)-180°-domain walls and the three types of primary edge dis-location dipole and multipole arrangements dominating in stage I, in the transition region and in stage II of the stress-strain curve, respectively, i.e. the [121]-dipole bundles, the rope-like clusters of such bundles extended along [121], and the [121] -multipole walls, all having [T01]-Burgers-vectors. In increasing magnetic fields the primary edge dislocation arrangements are shown to be capable to glide to new ob-stacles under the pressure of the (101) -180°-domain walls which will follow them and whose segments at the same time start to vault themselves cylindrically or pillow-shapedly be-tween these dislocation barricades, finally overcoming them at the coercive force by Barkhausen jumps. In an earlier paper 1 first experimental results had been reported concerning the large decrease of num-ber and size of Barkhausen jumps observed on samples of plastically deformed nickel and on magnetite dur-ing simultaneously superposed intensive ultrasonic ir-radiation. To explain this unexpected effect in terms of domain wall motion, an attempt had been made to mo-dify the usual potential theory of the magnetization curve by introducting a new hypothetical magnetization process which should enable the domain walls also to move to some extent irreversibly and continuously but without Barkhausen jumps. In the meantime, the mentioned problems were sub-ject of a recently published extensive dissertation 2 which contains, in addition to a more detailed descrip-tion of the experiments and of the apparatus used, also the analysis of the main consequences of these experi-mental facts with respect to the usual potential theories of the magnetization curve of deformed nickel, showing the strong inconsistency between these theories on the one hand and the experimental results, reported in 1 and 2 , and certain other important empirical facts on the other. Last not least this dissertation contains a new consistent quantitative theory of the magnetization curve of plastically deformed nickel single crystals of single slip orientation. The aim of this note is to summarize in a qualitative manner the main statements of that new theory. Its basic assumptions which could be proved by quoting numerous experimental facts as well as by detailed quantitative estimations are the following ones:


2008 ◽  
Vol 589 ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
István Mészáros

In this paper we present a study of the separation of phases in multi-phase alloys. The proposed technique is based on the hyperbolic model of magnetization. In this work the normal magnetization curve of the model was fitted to the measured one. It is possible to decompose the magnetic phases of alloys and determine their magnetic properties separately by using the determined model parameters. Experimental verification was carried out on a transformer like setup, constructed from layered samples. The samples were constructed from elements of strongly different magnetic properties. The results given by the model are in an excellent agreement with the experimental results, giving justification for the proposed method of decomposition. The proposed method could become a vital tool in magnetic investigations.


1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 357-360
Author(s):  
J.C. Gauthier ◽  
J.P. Geindre ◽  
P. Monier ◽  
C. Chenais-Popovics ◽  
N. Tragin ◽  
...  

AbstractIn order to achieve a nickel-like X ray laser scheme we need a tool to determine the parameters which characterise the high-Z plasma. The aim of this work is to study gold laser plasmas and to compare experimental results to a collisional-radiative model which describes nickel-like ions. The electronic temperature and density are measured by the emission of an aluminium tracer. They are compared to the predictions of the nickel-like model for pure gold. The results show that the density and temperature can be estimated in a pure gold plasma.


Author(s):  
Y. Harada ◽  
T. Goto ◽  
H. Koike ◽  
T. Someya

Since phase contrasts of STEM images, that is, Fresnel diffraction fringes or lattice images, manifest themselves in field emission scanning microscopy, the mechanism for image formation in the STEM mode has been investigated and compared with that in CTEM mode, resulting in the theory of reciprocity. It reveals that contrast in STEM images exhibits the same properties as contrast in CTEM images. However, it appears that the validity of the reciprocity theory, especially on the details of phase contrast, has not yet been fully proven by the experiments. In this work, we shall investigate the phase contrast images obtained in both the STEM and CTEM modes of a field emission microscope (100kV), and evaluate the validity of the reciprocity theory by comparing the experimental results.


Author(s):  
A. Ourmazd ◽  
G.R. Booker ◽  
C.J. Humphreys

A (111) phosphorus-doped Si specimen, thinned to give a TEM foil of thickness ∼ 150nm, contained a dislocation network lying on the (111) plane. The dislocation lines were along the three <211> directions and their total Burgers vectors,ḇt, were of the type , each dislocation being of edge character. TEM examination under proper weak-beam conditions seemed initially to show the standard contrast behaviour for such dislocations, indicating some dislocation segments were undissociated (contrast A), while other segments were dissociated to give two Shockley partials separated by approximately 6nm (contrast B) . A more detailed examination, however, revealed that some segments exhibited a third and anomalous contrast behaviour (contrast C), interpreted here as being due to a new dissociation not previously reported. Experimental results obtained for a dislocation along [211] with for the six <220> type reflections using (g,5g) weak-beam conditions are summarised in the table below, together with the relevant values.


Author(s):  
Scott Lordi

Vicinal Si (001) surfaces are interesting because they are good substrates for the growth of III-V semiconductors. Spots in RHEED patterns from vicinal surfaces are split due to scattering from ordered step arrays and this splitting can be used to determine the misorientation angle, using kinematic arguments. Kinematic theory is generally regarded to be inadequate for the calculation of RHEED intensities; however, only a few dynamical RHEED simulations have been attempted for vicinal surfaces. The multislice formulation of Cowley and Moodie with a recently developed edge patching method was used to calculate RHEED patterns from vicinal Si (001) surfaces. The calculated patterns are qualitatively similar to published experimental results and the positions of the split spots quantitatively agree with kinematic calculations.RHEED patterns were calculated for unreconstructed (bulk terminated) Si (001) surfaces misoriented towards [110] ,with an energy of 15 keV, at an incident angle of 36.63 mrad ([004] bragg condition), and a beam azimuth of [110] (perpendicular to the step edges) and the incident beam pointed down the step staircase.


2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Sophie Richardot

The aim of this study is to understand to what extent soliciting collective memory facilitates the appropriation of knowledge. After being informed about Milgram’s experiment on obedience to authority, students were asked to mention historical or contemporary events that came to mind while thinking about submission to authority. Main results of the factorial analysis show that the students who do not believe in the reproducibility of the experimental results oppose dramatic past events to a peaceful present, whereas those who do believe in the reproducibility of the results also mention dramatic contemporary events, thus linking past and present. Moreover, the students who do not accept the results for today personify historical events, whereas those who fully accept them generalize their impact. Therefore, according to their attitude toward this objet of knowledge, the students refer to two kinds of memory: a “closed memory,” which tends to relegate Milgram’s results to ancient history; and an “open memory,” which, on the contrary, transforms past events into a concept that helps them understand the present. Soliciting collective memory may contribute to the appropriation of knowledge provided the memory activated is an “open” one, linking past to present and going beyond the singularity of the event.


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