Physiological control of implantable rotary blood pumps for heart failure patients

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen A. Bakouri ◽  
Robert F. Salamonsen ◽  
Andrey V. Savkin ◽  
Abdul-Hakeem H. Alomari ◽  
Einly Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Physiological Control ◽  
Heart Failure Patients ◽  
Blood Pumps ◽  
Rotary Blood Pumps

Robust physiological control of rotary blood pumps for heart failure therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 767-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Rüschen ◽  
Sebastian Opitz ◽  
Philip von Platen ◽  
Leonie Korn ◽  
Steffen Leonhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Assist Devices ◽  
Heart Failure Therapy ◽  
Physiological Control ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Blood Pumps ◽  
Rotary Blood Pumps ◽  
Varying Demand

Abstract Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have become a viable alternative to heart transplantation in heart failure therapy. In clinical practice, rotary blood pumps used as LVADs are operated at a constant rotational speed and thus do not adapt to the varying demand of the patient. This paper presents a robust control approach for automatic adaptation of the blood pump speed to the blood flow demand of the patient’s body, which enables a defined load sharing between an LVAD and the native ventricle. Robust stability was checked using a detailed model of the human cardiovascular system with uncertainties that describe the most important native physiological control loops as well as a range of pathologies. The robust assistance controller was tested in an in vivo setup and was able to stabilize the cardiovascular system after myocardial infarction.

Feasible approach to control the operation of implantable rotary blood pumps for heart failure patients

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen A. Bakouri ◽  
Robert F. Salamonsen ◽  
Andrey V. Savkin ◽  
Einly Lim ◽  
Abdul-Hakeem H. Alomari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Failure Patients ◽  
Blood Pumps ◽  
Rotary Blood Pumps

Two implantable rotary blood pumps for biventricular heart failure

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Krabatsch ◽  
E Hennig ◽  
E Potapov ◽  
A Stepanenko ◽  
T Drews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Blood Pumps ◽  
Rotary Blood Pumps

Computational Fluid Dynamics Analyses of a Micro Pediatric Ventricular Assist Blood Pump

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-chen Yang ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Xing-min Gui ◽  
Sheng-shou Hu
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Blood Pump ◽  
Ventricular Assist ◽  
Blood Pumps ◽  
Blade Tip ◽  
Hemolytic Property ◽  
Rotary Blood Pumps ◽  
Dynamics Analyses

The heart failure patients supported by the mechanical rotary blood pumps have been validated and investigated in recent decades. A series of adult blood pumps have been investigated in our research group in the last several years and one of them is currently under clinical trials. This present paper aimed at analyzing a micro pediatric blood pump (MPBP) with Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool. MPBP is developed to assist the ventricular according to the practice of pediatric heart failure in Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. The blade tip diameter of the MPBP is 10 mm. Some advanced structures proposed in our adult blood pumps were further improved in the MPBP and a cantilevered stator applied in the blood pump is a novel try. The results of the numerical simulation show that the MPBP can generate the flow rates of 0.74–3.21 lpm at the rotational speeds of 9,000–11,000 rpm, producing the pressure rises of 36.9–89.7 mmHg. The structural advantage, hydraulic performance and hemolytic property of the MPBP were analyzed in detail. Overall, the attempt of the cantilevered stator blade improved the performance of the blood pump effectively and the MPBP deserves a promising prospect.

Time Course Response of the Heart and Circulatory System to Active Postural Changes

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo P. Pauls ◽  
Llion A. Roberts ◽  
Tom Burgess ◽  
John F. Fraser ◽  
Shaun D. Gregory ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Physiological Control ◽  
Heart Failure Patients ◽  
Pump Flow ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Standing Up ◽  
Lying Down

Rotary blood pumps (RBPs) used for mechanical circulatory support of heart failure patients cannot passively change pump flow sufficiently in response to frequent variations in preload induced by active postural changes. A physiological control system that mimics the response of the healthy heart is needed to adjust pump flow according to patient demand. Thus, baseline data are required on how the healthy heart and circulatory system (i.e., heart rate (HR) and cardiac output (CO)) respond. This study investigated the response times of the healthy heart during active postural changes (supine-standing-supine) in 50 healthy subjects (27 male/23 female). Early response times (te) and settling times (ts) were calculated for HR and CO from data continuously collected with impedance cardiography. The initial circulatory response of HR and CO resulted in te of 9.0–11.7 s when standing up and te of 4.7–5.7 s when lying back down. Heart rate and CO settled in ts of 50.0–53.6 s and 46.3–58.2 s when standing up and lying down, respectively. In conclusion, when compared to active stand up, HR and CO responded significant faster initially when subjects were lying down (p < 0.05); there were no significant differences in response times between male and female subjects. These data will be used during evaluation of physiological control systems for RBPs, which may improve patient outcomes for end-stage heart failure patients.

scholarly journals Methodology for measuring the gap size using a fiber-optic displacement sensor exemplified by a centrifugal blood pump

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Maciej Gawlikowski ◽  
Przemysław Kurtyka ◽  
Jerzy Zalewski ◽  
Magda Zarwańska-Doffek ◽  
Artur Kapis
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ventricular Assist Device ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Blood Pump ◽  
Rotary Blood Pump ◽  
Assist Device ◽  
Ventricular Assist ◽  
Blood Pumps ◽  
Rotary Blood Pumps

In order to avoid blood clotting, in the second generation of rotary blood pumps the impeller is suspended without mechanical bearing, using balance of magnetic and hydrodynamic forces. Reaching single tens of microns gap between pump housing and impeller is crucial for level of blood traumatization by the pump. In this paper we would like to present the method of physical measurement of this gap on a running pump with the use of commercial fiber-optic proximity sensor on the example of Polish rotary blood pump ReligaHeart ROT. We also discussed technical requirements of the construction of laboratory stand. Full Text: PDF ReferencesS. Westaby, "Rotary blood pumps as definitive treatment for severe heart failure", Future Cardiol. 9, 2 (2013). CrossRef R. Delgado, M. Bergheim, "HeartMate® II left ventricular assist device: a new device for advanced heart failure", Epert Rev. Med. Devices, 2, 5 (2005). CrossRef M. Ozban, T. Yagdi, C. Engin et al, Transplant proc., 44, 6 (2012). CrossRef A.T. Lanfear, M. Hamandi, J. Fan et al., "Trends in HeartMate 3: What we know so far", J. Card. Surg., 35, 1 (2020). CrossRef Ch. Zengsheng, S. Anqiang, W. Hongyu, "Non-physiological shear stress-induced blood damage in ventricular assist device", Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices, 3 (2019). CrossRef A. M. Robertson, A. Sequeira, R. G. Owens, Rheological models of blood In: L. Formaggia, A. Quarteroni, A Veneziani (eds) Cardiovascular Mathematics (Milano, Springer-Verlag 2009) CrossRef M. Gawlikowski et al., "Necessity of telemonitoring in patients treated by means of cardiac assist systems on the example of Polish rotary blood pump ReligaHeart ROT", Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 925 (2019). CrossRef R. Kustosz, et al., "The tin coating utilisation as blood contact surface modification in implantable rotary left ventricle assist device religaheart ROT", Arch. Matall. Mater., 60, 3 (2015). CrossRef S. S. Patil, A. D. Shaligram, "Analytical study of performance variations of fiber optic micro-displacement sensor configurations using mathematical modeling and an experimental test jig", IJSER, 4, 11 (2013). DirectLink Philtec Application Note, 6, 25 (2017) CrossRef

scholarly journals Physiological Control Law for Rotary Blood Pumps with Full-State Feedback Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  
pp. 4593
Author(s):  
Mohsen Bakouri
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
State Feedback ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
State Feedback Control ◽  
Control Law ◽  
Physiological Control ◽  
Blood Pumps ◽  
Full State ◽  
Full State Feedback ◽  
Rotary Blood Pumps

One concern about pulsatile rotary blood pumps is their physiological controller reactions when “venous return” changes. When a patient rises from a supine to a standing position, the blood volume in the leg veins is raised, owing to vasodilation, thus venous returns to the right atrium, and consequently, the left atrium is reduced. In this work, a physiological control law using a full-state feedback control method was developed in order to drive mechanical circulatory support. This strategy was used as a validated state-space pump model, to implement the controller and regulate the desired reference flow. The control law was assessed using a software model of the hemodynamical cardiovascular system interacting with the left ventricular assist device in different physiological conditions ranging from rest to exercise scenarios. Under these scenarios, heart failure disease was simulated by changing the hemodynamic parameters of the total blood volume, heart rate, cardiac contractility, and systemic peripheral resistance. The results were numerically observed during the postural changes. The rate of change in the physiological variables showed that the proposed control law can regulate the desired reference pump flow with minimal error within the acceptable clinical range in order to prevent suction and over perfusion.

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