A Novel Non-parametric Two-Sample Test on Imprecise Observations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Liu ◽  
Guangquan Zhang ◽  
Jie Lu
Keyword(s):  
Sample Test ◽  
Imprecise Observations ◽  
Non Parametric

scholarly journals Heterogeneity in design and analysis of ICU delirium randomized trials: a systematic review

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Colantuoni ◽  
Mounica Koneru ◽  
Narjes Akhlaghi ◽  
Ximin Li ◽  
Mohamed D. Hashem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Icu Discharge ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
Composite Outcomes ◽  
Icu Delirium ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Registration Date ◽  
Non Parametric

Abstract Background There is a growing number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating interventions to prevent or treat delirium in the intensive care unit (ICU). Efforts to improve the conduct of delirium RCTs are underway, but none address issues related to statistical analysis. The purpose of this review is to evaluate heterogeneity in the design and analysis of delirium outcomes and advance methodological recommendations for delirium RCTs in the ICU. Methods Relevant databases, including PubMed and Embase, were searched with no restrictions on language or publication date; the search was conducted on July 8, 2019. RCTs conducted on adult ICU patients with delirium as the primary outcome were included where trial results were available. Data on frequency and duration of delirium assessments, delirium outcome definitions, and statistical methods were independently extracted in duplicate. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020141204). Results Among 65 eligible RCTs, 44 (68%) targeted the prevention of delirium. The duration of follow-up varied, with 31 (48%) RCTs having ≤7 days of follow-up, and only 24 (37%) conducting delirium assessments after ICU discharge. The incidence of delirium was the most common outcome (50 RCTs, 77%) for which 8 unique statistical methods were applied. The most common method, applied to 51 of 56 (91%) delirium incidence outcomes, was the two-sample test comparing the proportion of patients who ever experienced delirium. In the presence of censoring of patients at ICU discharge or death, this test may be misleading. The impact of censoring was also not considered in most analyses of the duration of delirium, as evaluated in 24 RCTs, with 21 (88%) delirium duration outcomes analyzed using a non-parametric test or two-sample t test. Composite outcomes (e.g., rank-based delirium- and coma-free days), used in 11 (17%) RCTs, seldom explicitly defined how ICU discharge, and death were incorporated into the definition and were analyzed using non-parametric tests (11 of 13 (85%) composite outcomes). Conclusions To improve delirium RCTs, outcomes should be explicitly defined. To account for censoring due to ICU discharge or death, survival analysis methods should be considered for delirium incidence and duration outcomes; non-parametric tests are recommended for rank-based delirium composite outcomes. Trial registration PROSPERO CRD42020141204. Registration date: 7/3/2019.

A Sequential Non-Parametric Multivariate Two-Sample Test

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 3361-3370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alix Lheritier ◽  
Frederic Cazals
Keyword(s):  
Sample Test ◽  
Non Parametric

scholarly journals APPRAISAL LEVEL TINGKAT PENETAPAN NJOP PAJAK BUMI DAN BANGUNAN DI KECAMATAN LOWOKWARU KOTA MALANG

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Andriani
Keyword(s):  
International Association ◽  
Property Tax ◽  
Binomial Test ◽  
Ratio Analysis ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Market Values ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
Non Parametric

<p>Appraisal level determination to NJOP (Tax Object Sale Value) land and building is a measurement of the tax object sale value is used to determine besarya property tax to be paid to the government's taxpayers. While the standard used to determine in an international NJOP is the standard IAAO (International Association of Assesor Officer). Analysis of measurements with HJOP NJOP adjustment is to use ratio analysis, Coefficient of Dispersion (COD), Non-Parametric Binomial Test, Spearman Correlation, compare Mean One Sample Test. The results of the determination of the ratio analysis NJOP ground (earth) in Dinoyo has qualified for justice, while not yet eligible, In Merjosari justice, the non-parametric binomial test showed the results has been no justice from all parties and interest in the determination of both Dinoyo NJOP or in the Merjosari. Uniformity NJOP Dinoyo level determination and Merjosari Malang District Lowokwaru significantly lower, this means setting performance NJOP is not good. There is a correlation between the appraisal value with NJOP HJOP as market values. There are significant differences in the determination of both NJOP compared HJOP Dinoyo or in the Merjosari.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>

ESTIMATION OF PRESSURE DROP FOR NON-NEWTONIAN LIQUID FLOW THROUGH BENDS USING ADAPTIVE NON-PARAMETRIC MODEL

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-69
Author(s):  
Suman Debnath ◽  
Anirban Banik ◽  
Tarun Kanti Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Mrinmoy Majumder ◽  
Apu Kumar Saha
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Parametric Model ◽  
Newtonian Liquid ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Non Parametric

Contrast-Enhanced MRI with Magnetization Transfer Effect in the Imaging of Brain Metastatic Lesions

2017 ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
A. A. Ermakova ◽  
O. Yu. Borodin ◽  
M. Yu. Sannikov ◽  
S. D. Koval ◽  
V. Yu. Usov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Magnetization Transfer ◽  
Metastatic Lesion ◽  
Transfer Effect ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Metastatic Lesions ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Non Parametric

Purpose: to investigate the diagnostic opportunities of contrast  magnetic resonance imaging with the effect of magnetization transfer effect in the diagnosis of focal metastatic lesions in the brain.Materials and methods.Images of contrast MRI of the brain of 16  patients (mean age 49 ± 18.5 years) were analysed. Diagnosis of  the direction is focal brain lesion. All MRI studies were carried out  using the Toshiba Titan Octave with magnetic field of 1.5 T. The  contrast agent is “Magnevist” at concentration of 0.2 ml/kg was  used. After contrasting process two T1-weighted studies were  performed: without T1-SE magnetization transfer with parameters of pulse: TR = 540 ms, TE = 12 ms, DFOV = 24 sm, MX = 320 × 224  and with magnetization transfer – T1-SE-MTC with parameters of pulse: ΔF = −210 Hz, FA(МТС) = 600°, TR = 700 ms, TE = 10 ms,  DFOV = 23.9 sm, MX = 320 x 224. For each detected metastatic  lesion, a contrast-to-brain ratio (CBR) was calculated. Comparative  analysis of CBR values was carried out using a non-parametric  Wilcoxon test at a significance level p < 0.05. To evaluate the  sensitivity and specificity of the techniques in the detection of  metastatic foci (T1-SE and T1-SE-MTC), ROC analysis was used. The sample is divided into groups: 1 group is foci ≤5 mm in size, 2  group is foci from 6 to 10 mm, and 3 group is foci >10 mm. Results.Comparative analysis of CBR using non-parametric Wilcoxon test showed that the values of the CBR on T1-weighted  images with magnetization transfer are significantly higher (p  <0.001) that on T1-weighted images without magnetization transfer. According to the results of the ROC analysis, sensitivity in detecting  metastases (n = 90) in the brain on T1-SE-MTC and T1-SE was  91.7% and 81.6%, specificity was 100% and 97.6%, respectively.  The accuracy of the T1-SE-MTC is 10% higher in comparison with  the technique without magnetization transfer. Significant differences (p < 0.01) between the size of the foci detected in post-contrast T1- weighted images with magnetization transfer and in post-contrast  T1-weighted images without magnetization transfer, in particular for  foci ≤5 mm in size, were found. Conclusions1. Comparative analysis of CBR showed significant (p < 0.001)  increase of contrast between metastatic lesion and white matter on  T1-SE-MTC in comparison with T1-SE.2. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the magnetization transfer program (T1-SE-MTC) in detecting foci of  metastatic lesions in the brain is significantly higher (p < 0.01), relative to T1-SE.3. The T1-SE-MTC program allows detecting more foci in comparison with T1-SE, in particular foci of ≤5 mm (96% and 86%, respectively, with p < 0.05).

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