A Quantitative Method for the Detection of Temperature Differences on the Sole of the Foot in Diabetic Patients

Background: Diabetic patients frequently suffer from chronic non-healing ulcer on the sole of foot as a result of combined peripheral neuropathy and arterial insufficiency. Many of them end up in amputation. The aim of this study was to see the outcome of diabetic patients presenting with ulcers that showed no signs of healing in sole of the foot for 3 months or more treated with combination of peripheral vasodilators and surgical reconstruction.Methods: A cross sectional study of 249 patients who presented to Plastic surgery department in BIRDEM fromJanuary 2013 toDecember2015 was done. The patients who had existing associated chronic medical illness like Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) requiring dialysis, malignancy, Status Asthmaticus and foot ulcer withWagner grade 4 and 5 and patients receiving drugs that cause immunosuppression like chemotherapeutic agents, steroids, and methotrexates were excluded from the study.Results: All patients presented with non-healing ulcerations average size of which was 1.48 cm (range, 0.68 to 4 cm) of more than 3 months in various parts of sole of the foot complicated by peripheral neuropathy and/or arterial insufficiency. After the use of peripheral vasodilators, these patients underwent a variety of surgical reconstructions such as simple skin graft, local flaps, regional flaps and distant flaps. In follow up of 3 to 36 months, 194 patients (77.91%) achieved good results, 55(22.08%) patients’ required secondary procedure such as flap revision, debridement or Split thickness skin graft (STSG) due to post operative complications.Conclusion: We conclude that chronic non-healing ulcers in diabetic patients can be successfully treated by combined approach of surgical reconstruction and peripheral vasodilators.Birdem Med J 2018; 8(2): 108-113

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Analysis of the Anterior Secretory Cells of Onchidohs Muricata (Nudibranchia)

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100099490 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 39 ◽

pp. 614-615

Author(s):

Roy Skidmore

Keyword(s):

Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽

Secretory Granules ◽

Golgi Body ◽

The Body ◽

Secretory Cells ◽

Secretory Vesicles ◽

High Magnification ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Membrane Bound ◽

Sole Of The Foot

The long-necked secretory cells in Onchidoris muricata are distributed in the anterior sole of the foot. These cells are interspersed among ciliated columnar and conical cells as well as short-necked secretory gland cells. The long-necked cells contribute a significant amount of mucoid materials to the slime on which the nudibranch travels. The body of these cells is found in the subepidermal tissues. A long process extends across the basal lamina and in between cells of the epidermis to the surface of the foot. The secretory granules travel along the process and their contents are expelled by exocytosis at the foot surface.The contents of the cell body include the nucleus, some endoplasmic reticulum, and an extensive Golgi body with large numbers of secretory vesicles (Fig. 1). The secretory vesicles are membrane bound and contain a fibrillar matrix. At high magnification the similarity of the contents in the Golgi saccules and the secretory vesicles becomes apparent (Fig. 2).

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Intramuscular Nerve and Neuromuscular Junction Alteration In Extraocular Muscles of Diabetic Mice

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100120102 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 682-683

Author(s):

Bruce R. Pachter

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Peripheral Nerves ◽

Sudden Onset ◽

Extraocular Muscles ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Oculomotor Palsy ◽

Third Nerve Palsy ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Intramuscular Nerve ◽

Oculomotor Nerves

Diabetes mellitus is one of the commonest causes of neuropathy. Diabetic neuropathy is a heterogeneous group of neuropathic disorders to which patients with diabetes mellitus are susceptible; more than one kind of neuropathy can frequently occur in the same individual. Abnormalities are also known to occur in nearly every anatomic subdivision of the eye in diabetic patients. Oculomotor palsy appears to be common in diabetes mellitus for their occurrence in isolation to suggest diabetes. Nerves to the external ocular muscles are most commonly affected, particularly the oculomotor or third cranial nerve. The third nerve palsy of diabetes is characteristic, being of sudden onset, accompanied by orbital and retro-orbital pain, often associated with complete involvement of the external ocular muscles innervated by the nerve. While the human and experimental animal literature is replete with studies on the peripheral nerves in diabetes mellitus, there is but a paucity of reported studies dealing with the oculomotor nerves and their associated extraocular muscles (EOMs).

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A Comparison Between Sterological Point Counting and Digitizing Tablets

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100120023 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 666-667

Author(s):

John M. Basgen ◽

Eileen N. Ellis ◽

S. Michael Mauer ◽

Michael W. Steffes

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Kidney Tissue ◽

Volume Density ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Normal Kidney ◽

Point Counting ◽

Normal Kidney Tissue ◽

Biopsy Specimens ◽

Mitochondrial Volume ◽

Kidney Lesions

To determine the efficiency of methods of quantitation of the volume density of components within kidney biopsies, techniques involving a semi-automatic digitizing tablet and stereological point counting were compared.Volume density (Vv) is a parameter reflecting the volume of a component to the volume that contains the component, e.g., the fraction of cell volume that is made up of mitochondrial volume. The units of Vv are μm3 /μm3.Kidney biopsies from 15 patients were used. Five were donor biopsies performed at the time of kidney transplantation (patients 1-5, TABLE 1) and were considered normal kidney tissue. The remaining biopsies were obtained from diabetic patients with a spectrum of diabetic kidney lesions. The biopsy specimens were fixed and embedded according to routine electron microscogy protocols. Three glomeruli from each patient were selected randomly for electron microscopy. An average of 12 unbiased and systematic micrographs were obtained from each glomerulus and printed at a final magnification of x18,000.

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