Challenges in grid integration of offshore wind in Tamil Nadu and Gujarat for policy makers and transmission planners

Offshore wind farm is developed in the ascendant currently. The reliable operation, power loss, investment cost and performance of wind farms were effect by the integration solutions of electrical interconnection system directly. Several new integration configurations based on VSC-HVDC were comparative analyzed. For the new HVDC topology applied the wind farm internal DC bus, the Variable Speed DC (VSDC) system that is suitable for those topologies was proposed. The structure of VSDC was discussed and maximum wind power tracking was simulated on the minimal system. It is clear that new integration configurations based on VSC-HVDC has good prospects.

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Simulation Research of Offshore Wind Farm VSC-HVDC Three-Level Converters for Grid Integration

Procedia Computer Science ◽

10.1016/j.procs.2018.04.149 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 130 ◽

pp. 1146-1151

Author(s):

Zewei Mao ◽

Xianglian Xu ◽

Jialiang Li ◽

Shiwen Yu ◽

Hao Geng

Keyword(s):

Wind Farm ◽

Offshore Wind ◽

Grid Integration ◽

Offshore Wind Farm ◽

Simulation Research

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Revisiting State Subsidy Food Programme Model for India

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.d7149.118419 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 2545-2548

Keyword(s):

Tamil Nadu ◽

Andhra Pradesh ◽

Uttar Pradesh ◽

Future Research ◽

Successful Implementation ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Food Problem ◽

Heavy Burden ◽

State Of Affairs ◽

State Programs

Food Problem in Indian Economy is acute. Food Problem in India is not only concerned with the shortage of food but also has a deficiency of nutrition. The 2015 Global Hunger Index ranked India twentieth amongst leading international locations with a severe hunger state of affairs. With food problem, malnutrition also places a heavy burden on India in terms of deaths, disease and direct impact on productivity. There are several programs in India to address this concern, the first initiative was Amma Unavagam food subsidization program run by the state of Tamil Nadu has won popular support and brought a new dimension in food security. Several states started the program with different dimension viz. Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka. There are other states which are planning to adopt this model including Uttar Pradesh. The present research analyzes the success of state programs that can be replicated to throughout India. The study discusses the implications for policy makers for successful implementation of the program. The study also highlights the possible limitations and future research.

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Is India heading towards a new high? : An optimistic approach to estimate ending life-cycle and cumulative cases by the end of the major COVID-19 pandemic wave in India and some of its states

10.1101/2020.05.30.20117440 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

P. Gupta ◽

K. K. Sharma ◽

S.D. Joshi ◽

S. Goyal

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Uttar Pradesh ◽

Madhya Pradesh ◽

Peak Amplitude ◽

Total Count ◽

Policy Makers ◽

The Public ◽

Simulation Results ◽

Pandemic Wave

AbstractProjecting the COVID-19 curve parameters such as ending-lifecycle and cumulative cases are helpful in guiding the policy makers to mitigate the outbreak. However, overestimating these parameters may put the public and policy makers in a muddle. In this paper, an optimistic scenario is simulated, wherein the dynamics of the COVID-19 curve is allowed to spread to such an extent that the projections of the COVID-19 parameters do not take excessively high values. Based on this scenario, the ending life-cycle and cumulative cases for India and some of its states, are predicted. Our study, suggests that the fall of the peak amplitude (95%) of the major COVID-19 wave in India may take place by the 8th of September 2020 with a total count of 655000 cases. Simulation results, also indicate that Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Delhi, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan may end up with 263700, 18140, 50600, 21130, 24420, 44170, 27080, and 28200 cumulative cases respectively.

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Estimation of the Temporal Change in Carbon Stock of Muthupet Mangroves in Tamil Nadu Using Remote Sensing Techniques

Journal of Geography Environment and Earth Science International ◽

10.9734/jgeesi/2019/v19i430096 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

K. Narmada ◽

K. Annaidasan

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Carbon Stock ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Avicennia Marina ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Remote Sensing Techniques ◽

The Impact

Aim: To study the carbon storage potential of Muthupet mangroves in Tamil Nadu using Remote sensing techniques. Place and Duration: The study is carried out in Muthupet Mangroves for the years 2000, 2010 and 2017. Methodology: In this study the remote sensing images were processed using the ERDAS and ArcGIS software and the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) has also been applied to estimate the quantity of carbon sequestration capability for the Avicennia marina mangrove growing in the Muthupet region for the period 2000-2017. The formula proposed by Lai [10] was used to calculate the carbon stock using geospatial techniques. Results: The results show that the mangroves in Muthupet region has NDVI values between -0.671 and 0.398 in 2000, -0.93 and 0.621 in 2010 and -0.66 and 0.398 in 2017. The observation indicates the reliability and validity of the aviation remote sensing with high resolution and with near red spectrum experimented in this research for estimating the the Avicennia marina (Forsk.) mangrove growing in this region. The estimated quantity of carbon di oxide sequestrated by the mangrove was about 1475.642 Mg/Ha in 2000, 3646.312 Mg/Ha in 2010 and 1677.72 Mg/Ha in 2017. Conclusion: The capacity of the Avicennia marina growing in Muthupet region to sequestrate carbon show that it has a great potential for development and implementation. The results obtained in this research can be used as a basis for policy makers, conservationists, regional planners, and researchers to deal with future development of cities and their surroundings in regions of highly ecological and environmental sensitivity. Thus the finding shows that wetlands are an important ecological boon as it helps to control the impact of climate change in many different ways.

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Working Performance of Urban Co-operative Banks (UCBs) in Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu: A Study

Asian Review of Social Sciences ◽

10.51983/arss-2018.7.1.2822 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 71-74

Author(s):

P. Selvaraju

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Service Industry ◽

Formal Organization ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Doing Business ◽

Coimbatore District ◽

Working Together ◽

Technical Sense ◽

Working Performance

Co-operation in its ordinary sense would mean working together. Whereas in its technical sense the term would denote a special mode of doing business, which gives rise to the formal organization and the methods and techniques associated with it. The formal co-operation is the framework for people working together according to certain conditions or principles which the participants agree to observe. Banking is a service industry. The main objective of the banking is to provide the financial support to its customers / members in co-operatives. The urban co-operative banks occupy a significant place in the urban credit movement. The urban co-operative credit movement started in India with the chief object of catering to the banking and credit requirements of the urban middle class, e.g., the small trader of businessman, the artisan or factory worker, the salaried people with a limited fixed income in urban or semi-urban areas. This study is an Empirical Research; study reveals the working performance of the Urban Co-operative Banks (UCBs) in Coimbatore District of Tamil Nadu, India. The core finding of the study will explore the knowledge path and give a financial outlook of UCBs for researchers and policy makers in all respect to take effective decisions.

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Current Source Converter Based Offshore Wind Farm: Configuration and Control

10.32920/ryerson.14648877.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Miteshkumar Nandlal Popat

Keyword(s):

Wind Farm ◽

Current Source ◽

Wind Farms ◽

Offshore Wind ◽

Grid Integration ◽

Offshore Wind Farm ◽

Offshore Wind Farms ◽

Control Scheme ◽

Current Source Converter ◽

Grid Side

Recently, offshore wind farms have emerged as the most promising sector in the global renewable energy industry. The main reasons for the rapid development of offshore wind farms includes much better wind resources and smaller environmental impact (e.g., audible noise and visual effect). However, the current state of the offshore wind power presents economic challenges significantly greater than onshore. In this thesis, a novel interconnecting method for permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based offshore wind farm is proposed, where cascaded pulse-width modulated (PWM) current-source converters (CSCs) are employed on both generator- and grid-side. With the converters in cascade to achieve high operating voltages, the proposed method eliminates the need for bulky and very costly offshore converter substation which is usually employed in voltage source converter (VSC) high voltage DC (HVDC)-based counterparts. Related research in terms of control schemes and grid integration are carried out to adapt the proposed cascaded CSC-based offshore wind farm configuration. The large distance between generator- and grid-side CSC in the proposed wind farm configuration addresses significant challenges for the system control. In order to overcome the problem, a novel decoupled control scheme is developed. The active and reactive power control on the grid-side converters are achieved without any exchange of information from the generator-side controller. Therefore, the long distance communication links between the generator- and grid-side converters are eliminated and both controllers are completely decoupled. At the same time, the maximum power tracking control is achieved for the generator-side converters that enable full utilization of the wind energy. Considering inconsistent wind speed at each turbine, a coordinated control scheme is proposed for the cascaded CSC-based offshore wind farm. In proposed control strategy, the wind farm supervisory control (WFSC) is developed to generate the optimized dc-link current control. This enables all the turbines to independently track their own MPPT even with inconsistent wind speed at each turbine. Grid integration issues, especially the fault ride-through (FRT) capability for the cascaded CSC-based offshore wind farm are addressed. Challenges in implementing existing FRT methods to the proposed offshore wind farm are identified. Based on this, a new FRT strategy using inherent short circuit operating capability of the CSC is developed. Moreover, the mitigation strategy is developed to ensure the continuous operation of the cascaded CSC-based offshore wind farm when one or more turbines fail to operate. Simulation and experimental verification for various objectives are provided throughout the thesis. The results validate the proposed solutions for the main challenges of the cascaded current source converter based offshore wind farm.

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Constraints Perceived by Veterinarians of Tamil Nadu State of India in Providing Veterinary Services

Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension Economics & Sociology ◽

10.9734/ajaees/2021/v39i930656 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 192-197

Author(s):

R. Sangameswaran ◽

P. V. K. Sasidhar ◽

K. Ramesh

Keyword(s):

Study Design ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Ex Post ◽

Ex Post Facto ◽

Tamil Nadu State ◽

Ex Post Facto Study ◽

Job Content

Objective: To determine the constraints faced by veterinarians in rendering services to the livestock farmers. Study Design: Ex-post facto study design Methodology: Data were collected from the Veterinarians in State Department of Animal Husbandry (SDAH) of Tamil Nadu, India during the year 2019 through pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and Garret ranking was used for analyzing the data. A total of 36 constraints were identified through focused group discussion and included in the questionnaire under different heads viz., Organizational, Job content Psychological, Institutional and Information delivery and administrative related constraints. Results: The results revealed that inadequacy of front line officers, arbitrary fixation of targets, less avenue for promotions, inadequate supporting staff and inadequate research extension linkages were identified as the major constraints that hinders the service delivery. Conclusion: this study suggested that the effectiveness of service could be further accentuated if the policy makers address the above constraints by strengthening research extension linkage, filling up of vacancies, down top approach in planning pro-poor livestock development policies with due recognition to the veterinarians.

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