Modeling and Simulation Study of a DFIG Wind Turbine in a 3D Wind Field During Startup and Wind Speed Changes

Complex terrain can influence wind turbine wakes and wind speed profiles in a wind farm. Consequently, predicting the performance of wind turbines and energy production over complex terrain is more difficult than it is over flat terrain. In this preliminary study, an engineering wake model, that considers acceleration on a two-dimensional hill, was developed based on the momentum theory. The model consists of the wake width and wake wind speed. The equation to calculate the rotor thrust, which is calculated by the wake wind speed profiles, was also formulated. Then, a wind-tunnel test was performed in simple flow conditions in order to investigate wake development over a two-dimensional hill. After this the wake model was compared with the wind-tunnel test, and the results obtained by using the new wake model were close to the wind-tunnel test results. Using the new wake model, it was possible to estimate the wake shrinkage in an accelerating two-dimensional wind field.

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Modelling the Wind Turbine Inﬂow with a Reduced Order Model based on SpinnerLidar Measurements

10.5194/wes-2021-16 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anantha Padmanabhan Kidambi Sekar ◽

Marijn Floris van Dooren ◽

Andreas Rott ◽

Martin Kühn

Keyword(s):

Wind Speed ◽

Wind Turbine ◽

Wind Field ◽

Volume Averaging ◽

Temporal Variations ◽

Vertical Shear ◽

Reduced Order ◽

Field Reconstruction ◽

Reconstruction Performance ◽

Spatio Temporal

Abstract. Preview measurements of the inflow by turbine-mounted lidar systems can be used to optimise wind turbine performance by increasing power production and alleviating structural loads. Here, we apply Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) to the line-of-sight wind speed measurements of a SpinnerLidar obtained from a large eddy simulation of a wind turbine operating in a turbulent atmospheric boundary layer. The aim of this work was to identify the dominant POD modes to derive a reduced order representation of the turbine inflow without making strong assumptions about the flow field. This dimensional reduction is a first step towards the development of a reduced order inflow model (ROM) that offers a trade-off between wind field reconstruction techniques requiring flow assumptions and more complex physics-based representations. We found that only a few modes are required to capture the dynamics of the wind field parameters commonly used for lidar assisted wind turbine control such as the effective wind speed, vertical shear, directional misalignment. A possible interpretation of the modes is presented by direct comparison with these wind field parameters. Evaluating six different metrics in the time and frequency domains related to the spatial, frequency domain and energy quantities, we find that a 10 mode ROM could accurately describe most spatio-temporal variations in the inflow. The reduced order modelling was accomplished using the inherent volume averaging property of lidar devices that attenuates high frequency turbulence with lower importance for the overall turbine response thus allowing significant data compression. Based on the models inflow wind field reconstruction performance, this method has potential use for lidar-assisted control, loads validation and turbulence characterisation.

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Optimizing Energy Capture of Cascaded Wind Turbine Array With Nested-Loop Extremum Seeking Control

Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control ◽

10.1115/1.4031593 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 137 (12) ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Zhongzhou Yang ◽

Yaoyu Li ◽

John E. Seem

Keyword(s):

Wind Speed ◽

Wind Turbine ◽

Simulation Study ◽

Wind Farm ◽

Extremum Seeking ◽

Power Coefficient ◽

Extremum Seeking Control ◽

Energy Capture ◽

Principle Of Optimality ◽

Nested Loop

This paper proposes a nested-loop extremum seeking control (NLESC) scheme for optimizing the energy capture of wind farm that is formed by a wind turbine array along the prevailing wind direction. It has been shown in earlier work that the axial induction factors of individual wind turbines can be optimized from downstream to upstream units in a sequential manner, which is a spatial domain analogy to the principle of optimality in dynamic programing. Therefore, it is proposed to optimize the turbine operation by a nested-loop optimization framework from the downstream to upstream turbines, based on feedback of the power of the immediate turbine and its downstream units. The extremum seeking control (ESC) based on dither–demodulation scheme is selected as a model-free real-time optimization solution for the individual loops. First, the principle of optimality for optimizing wind farm energy capture is proved for the cascaded wind turbine array based on the disk model. Analysis shows that the optimal torque gain of each turbine in a cascade of turbines is invariant with wind speed if the wind direction does not change. Then, the NLESC scheme is proposed, with the array power coefficient selected as the performance index to be optimized in real-time. As changes of upstream turbine operation affect downstream turbines with significant delays due to wind propagation, a cross-covariance based delay estimate is used to improve the determination of the array power coefficient. The proposed scheme is evaluated with simulation study using a three-turbine wind farm with the simwindfarm simulation platform. Simulation study is performed under both smooth and turbulent winds, and the results indicate the convergence to the actual optimum. Also, simulation under different wind speeds supports the earlier analysis results that the optimal torque gains of the cascaded turbines are invariant to wind speed.

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Wind Turbine Power Calculations Using MATLAB-SIMULINK

International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology ◽

10.48175/ijarsct-1359 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 54-61

Author(s):

H. L. Suresh ◽

C. V. Mohan ◽

Nitin Kumar Reddy K N

Keyword(s):

Wind Speed ◽

Modeling And Simulation ◽

Wind Turbine ◽

Wind Velocity ◽

Simulation Method ◽

Financial Viability ◽

Turbine Performance ◽

Air Density ◽

Overall Performance ◽

Swept Area

In this paper modeling and simulation has been studied by means of impact of energy generated by using wind turbine. The strength conversion primarily depends on the wind velocity and swept area. When design wind structures it’s very important to recognize predicted electricity and electricity output for calculating financial viability. Wind turbine performance depends on wind speed, air density, air pressure, temperature and length of blade. The modeling and simulation method is used to analyze the overall performance of wind turbine.

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Pemodelan Penggunaaan Energi Turbin Angin Untuk Daerah Manado

Jurnal MIPA ◽

10.35799/jmuo.8.3.2019.26195 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 188

Author(s):

Alfrets Septy Wauran

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Wind Speed ◽

Modeling And Simulation ◽

Wind Turbine ◽

Statistical Models ◽

Input Data ◽

Physical Models ◽

Continuous Data ◽

Wind Speed Data ◽

Wind Speeds

Salah satu renewable energy yang berkembang terutama di Indonesia saat ini adalah turbin angin. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat suatu pemodelan dan simulasi dari suatu tipe wind turbine dengan menggunakan data real dan kontinyu dari kecepatan angin yang ada di daerah Manado. Dengan hasil yang dibuat maka dapat diprediksi berapa besar daya yang dapat dihasilkan oleh wind turbine tersebut jika diguanakan di daerah Manado. Dengan demikian dapat dilakukan analisa selanjutnya untuk penerapan renewable energy ini dikalkulasi dengan jumlah daya yang diperlukan oleh masyarakat sehingga penggunaannya sangatlah efektif dan efisien. Pemodelan dan simulasi yang akan dilakukan berupa phisycal dan statistical model dengan menggunakan data kecepatan angin dari NASA selama 1 tahun. Software yang akan digunakan untuk pemodelan dan simulasi tersebut adalah Matlab yang dapat menggabungkan input data yang kontinyu dengan physical model. Adapun pembuatan model dan simulasi ini akan dilakukan melalui tahapan-tahapan sebagai berikut: tahapan perancangan sistem yang mencakup perangkat lunak, tahapan pembuatan model yang mencakup pembuatan perangkat lunak, tahapan pengujian sistem yang mencakup pengujian model, perangkat lunak serta simulasi sistem dengan menggunakan data kecepatan anginOne renewable energy that is developing especially in Indonesia today is wind turbines .This study aims to make a modeling and simulation of a type of wind turbine using real and continuous data from wind speeds in the Manado area. With the results made, it can be predicted how much power can be produced by the wind turbine if used in the Manado area. Thus, further analysis can be done for the application of renewable energy, which is calculated by the amount of power needed by the community so that its use is very effective and efficient. Modeling and simulation will be carried out in the form of physical and statistical models using wind speed data from NASA for 1 year. The software that will be used for modeling and simulation is Matlab which can combine continuous input data with physical models. The modeling and simulation will be carried out through the stages as follows: the stage of system design that includes software, the stage of making models that include software creation, the stage of system testing which includes testing of models, software and system simulations using wind speed data

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Evaluation and Post-Processing of Reanalysis Wind Speeds for Renewable Energy Applications

10.5194/ems2021-449 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sebastian Brune ◽

Jan D. Keller ◽

Sabrina Wahl

Keyword(s):

Boundary Layer ◽

Wind Speed ◽

Wind Turbine ◽

Wind Field ◽

Lower Boundary ◽

Horizontal Resolution ◽

Lower Atmosphere ◽

Wind Fields ◽

Wind Model ◽

Lower Boundary Layer

<p>The correct spatio-temporal representation of wind speed is of large interest for the wind energy sector. Therefore, this study compares wind measurements in different heights from several locations in Central Europe with two global (ERA5, MERRA-2) and one regional reanalysis (COSMO-REA6). Employing a two-parameter Weibull distribution, the shape and scale parameters as well as mean, standard deviation and RMSE are investigated at and around common wind turbine hub height. We find that COSMO-REA6 best describes wind fields closer to the surface possibly due to its high horizontal resolution. Here, it also exhibits a good alignment with the diurnal cycle. However, for common wind turbine hub heights and above, ERA5 outperforms the other two reanalyses possibly due to its higher vertical resolution. MERRA-2 overestimates wind speed in the lower boundary layer at nearly all sites.</p><p>In the next step, a diagnostic and mass-consistent wind model is applied to the COSMO-REA6 wind field. The resolution of the wind field will be increased by a factor of 8 from originally 6 km to approximately 800 m. In addition to the vertical stability of the lower atmosphere, the orography on the finer grid and the corresponding effects are taken into account. We expect that especially in complex terrain the wind field will be corrected and thus should fit better to the observations. Channeling effects, shadowing and increased wind speed in exposed locations can be better represented. The new high-resolution wind field forms the basis for a statistical wind model to obtain post-processed wind estimates in the lower boundary layer. This approach will utilize generalized linear model and/or an artificial neural network techniques.</p>

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SHAPING OF AN AUTONOMOUS POWER SYSTEM FOR GUARANTEED POWER SUPPLY WITH THE PREDOMINANCE WIND ENERGY

Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE) ◽

10.15518/isjaee.2018.22-24.028-050 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 28-50

Author(s):

S. G. Ignatiev ◽

S. V. Kiseleva

Keyword(s):

Energy Storage ◽

Wind Speed ◽

Wind Energy ◽

Wind Turbine ◽

Wind Turbines ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Diesel Generator ◽

Average Wind Speed ◽

Wind Speeds ◽

Average Wind

Optimization of the autonomous wind-diesel plants composition and of their power for guaranteed energy supply, despite the long history of research, the diversity of approaches and methods, is an urgent problem. In this paper, a detailed analysis of the wind energy characteristics is proposed to shape an autonomous power system for a guaranteed power supply with predominance wind energy. The analysis was carried out on the basis of wind speed measurements in the south of the European part of Russia during 8 months at different heights with a discreteness of 10 minutes. As a result, we have obtained a sequence of average daily wind speeds and the sequences constructed by arbitrary variations in the distribution of average daily wind speeds in this interval. These sequences have been used to calculate energy balances in systems (wind turbines + diesel generator + consumer with constant and limited daily energy demand) and (wind turbines + diesel generator + consumer with constant and limited daily energy demand + energy storage). In order to maximize the use of wind energy, the wind turbine integrally for the period in question is assumed to produce the required amount of energy. For the generality of consideration, we have introduced the relative values of the required energy, relative energy produced by the wind turbine and the diesel generator and relative storage capacity by normalizing them to the swept area of the wind wheel. The paper shows the effect of the average wind speed over the period on the energy characteristics of the system (wind turbine + diesel generator + consumer). It was found that the wind turbine energy produced, wind turbine energy used by the consumer, fuel consumption, and fuel economy depend (close to cubic dependence) upon the specified average wind speed. It was found that, for the same system with a limited amount of required energy and high average wind speed over the period, the wind turbines with lower generator power and smaller wind wheel radius use wind energy more efficiently than the wind turbines with higher generator power and larger wind wheel radius at less average wind speed. For the system (wind turbine + diesel generator + energy storage + consumer) with increasing average speed for a given amount of energy required, which in general is covered by the energy production of wind turbines for the period, the maximum size capacity of the storage device decreases. With decreasing the energy storage capacity, the influence of the random nature of the change in wind speed decreases, and at some values of the relative capacity, it can be neglected.

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