Application of A Priori Map in Dynamic Background Removal for Indoor Human Perception Using a Thermopile Array

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Tong Zhang ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Nanhao Gu
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Dynamic Background ◽  
Background Removal

scholarly journals A COLORED FINGER TIP-BASED TRACKING METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS HAND GESTURE RECOGNITION

2014 ◽  
pp. 236-240
Author(s):  
DHARANI MAZUMDAR ◽  
ANJAN KUMAR TALUKDAR ◽  
Kandarpa Kumar Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Gesture Recognition ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hand Gesture Recognition ◽  
Hand Gesture ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Dynamic Background ◽  
Lighting Condition ◽  
Background Removal ◽  
Hand Segmentation ◽  
Finger Tip

Hand gesture recognition system can be used for human-computer interaction (HCI). Proper hand segmentation from the background and other body parts of the video is the primary requirement for the design of a hand-gesture based application. These video frames can be captured from a low cost webcam (camera) for use in a vision based gesture recognition technique. This paper discusses about the continuous hand gesture recognition. The aim of this paper is to report a robust and efficient hand segmentation algorithm where a new method, wearing glove on the hand is utilized. After that a new idea called “Finger-Pen”, is developed by segmenting only one finger from the hand for proper tracking. In this technique only a finger tip is segmented in spite of the full hand part. Hence this technique allows the hand (excepting the segmented finger tip) to move freely during the tracking time also. Problems such as skin colour detection, complexity from large numbers of people in front of the camera, complex background removal and variable lighting condition are found to be efficiently handled by the system. Noise present in the segmented image due to dynamic background can be removed with the help of this adaptive technique which is found to be effective for the application conceived.

Criteria of truth

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Станислав Борзых ◽  
Stanislav Borzykh
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Present Form ◽  
General Idea ◽  
The Third ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Physiological Structure ◽  
Final Code ◽  
Intelligent Creature

This book is devoted to such an important problem as understanding the world. The latter is impossible without relying on certain criteria that allow us to assess how close our understanding is to the truth. The text is therefore divided into three chapters. The first examines the question of human perception of the world, showing the fundamental, immanent shortcomings and physiological structure of our body and our mind, which prevent the perception of reality in its present form. The second considers our intellect as something finite and limited, also capable only of distortions and half-truths. Finally, the third shows that any intelligence (any intelligent creature, which appeared at our stage of development) a priori and in its essence put in a rigid framework implemented. The monograph is provided with an introduction and a final code, which are framework in nature and are designed, respectively, to give the reader a General idea of the work and draw some conclusions.

scholarly journals Segmentation of color images by chromaticity features using self-organizing maps

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid García-Lamont ◽  
Alma Delia Cuevas Rasgado ◽  
Yedid Erandini Niño Membrillo
Keyword(s):  
Image Segmentation ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Color Images ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
A Priori Knowledge ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Uniform Illumination ◽  
Self Organizing Maps ◽  
Self Organizing

Usually, the segmentation of color images is performed using cluster-based methods and the RGB space to represent the colors. The drawback with these methods is the a priori knowledge of the number of groups, or colors, in the image; besides, the RGB space issensitive to the intensity of the colors. Humans can identify different sections within a scene by the chromaticity of its colors of, as this is the feature humans employ to tell them apart. In this paper, we propose to emulate the human perception of color by training a self-organizing map (SOM) with samples of chromaticity of different colors. The image to process is mapped to the HSV space because in this space the chromaticity is decoupled from the intensity, while in the RGB space this is not possible. Our proposal does not require knowing a priori the number of colors within a scene, and non-uniform illumination does not significantly affect the image segmentation. We present experimental results using some images from the Berkeley segmentation database by employing SOMs with different sizes, which are segmented successfully using only chromaticity features.

scholarly journals HAND SEGMENTATION AND TRACKING OF CONTINUOUS HAND POSTURE USING MORPHOLOGICAL PROCESSING

2014 ◽  
pp. 247-251
Author(s):  
MADHURJYA KUMAR NAYAK ◽  
ANJAN KUMAR TALUKDAR ◽  
Kandarpa Kumar Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Recognition System ◽  
Morphological Processing ◽  
Hand Tracking ◽  
Hand Posture ◽  
Hand Detection ◽  
Dynamic Background ◽  
Lighting Condition ◽  
Background Removal ◽  
Hand Segmentation ◽  
Detection Schemes

This work reports the design of a continuous hand posture recognition system. Hand tracking and segmentation are the primary steps for any hand gesture recognition system. The aim of this paper is to report a noise resistant and efficient hand segmentation algorithm where a new method for hand segmentation using different hand detection schemes with required morphological processing are utilized. Problems such as skin colour detection, complex background removal and variable lighting condition are found to be efficiently handled with this system. Noise present in the segmented image due to dynamic background can be removed with the help of this technique. The proposed approach is found to be effective for a range of conditions.

Application of cross correlation to HREM images of surfaces

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 754-755
Author(s):  
D. E. Luzzi ◽  
L. D. Marks ◽  
M. I. Buckett
Keyword(s):  
Cross Correlation ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
Accurate Knowledge ◽  
Complex Image ◽  
Fourier Filtering ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Data Reduction Technique

As the HREM becomes increasingly used for the study of dynamic localized phenomena, the development of techniques to recover the desired information from a real image is important. Often, the important features are not strongly scattering in comparison to the matrix material in addition to being masked by statistical and amorphous noise. The desired information will usually involve the accurate knowledge of the position and intensity of the contrast. In order to decipher the desired information from a complex image, cross-correlation (xcf) techniques can be utilized. Unlike other image processing methods which rely on data massaging (e.g. high/low pass filtering or Fourier filtering), the cross-correlation method is a rigorous data reduction technique with no a priori assumptions.We have examined basic cross-correlation procedures using images of discrete gaussian peaks and have developed an iterative procedure to greatly enhance the capabilities of these techniques when the contrast from the peaks overlap.

Towards 1-Ångstrom-resolution STEM

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 996-997
Author(s):  
H.S. von Harrach ◽  
D.E. Jesson ◽  
S.J. Pennycook
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Annular Dark Field ◽  
First Results

Phase contrast TEM has been the leading technique for high resolution imaging of materials for many years, whilst STEM has been the principal method for high-resolution microanalysis. However, it was demonstrated many years ago that low angle dark-field STEM imaging is a priori capable of almost 50% higher point resolution than coherent bright-field imaging (i.e. phase contrast TEM or STEM). This advantage was not exploited until Pennycook developed the high-angle annular dark-field (ADF) technique which can provide an incoherent image showing both high image resolution and atomic number contrast.This paper describes the design and first results of a 300kV field-emission STEM (VG Microscopes HB603U) which has improved ADF STEM image resolution towards the 1 angstrom target. The instrument uses a cold field-emission gun, generating a 300 kV beam of up to 1 μA from an 11-stage accelerator. The beam is focussed on to the specimen by two condensers and a condenser-objective lens with a spherical aberration coefficient of 1.0 mm.

Treating Velopharyngeal Inadequacy Using Bilateral Buccal Flap Revision Palatoplasty

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 878-892
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Napoli ◽  
Linda D. Vallino
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Buccal Flap

Purpose The 2 most commonly used operations to treat velopharyngeal inadequacy (VPI) are superiorly based pharyngeal flap and sphincter pharyngoplasty, both of which may result in hyponasal speech and airway obstruction. The purpose of this article is to (a) describe the bilateral buccal flap revision palatoplasty (BBFRP) as an alternative technique to manage VPI while minimizing these risks and (b) conduct a systematic review of the evidence of BBFRP on speech and other clinical outcomes. A report comparing the speech of a child with hypernasality before and after BBFRP is presented. Method A review of databases was conducted for studies of buccal flaps to treat VPI. Using the principles of a systematic review, the articles were read, and data were abstracted for study characteristics that were developed a priori. With respect to the case report, speech and instrumental data from a child with repaired cleft lip and palate and hypernasal speech were collected and analyzed before and after surgery. Results Eight articles were included in the analysis. The results were positive, and the evidence is in favor of BBFRP in improving velopharyngeal function, while minimizing the risk of hyponasal speech and obstructive sleep apnea. Before surgery, the child's speech was characterized by moderate hypernasality, and after surgery, it was judged to be within normal limits. Conclusion Based on clinical experience and results from the systematic review, there is sufficient evidence that the buccal flap is effective in improving resonance and minimizing obstructive sleep apnea. We recommend BBFRP as another approach in selected patients to manage VPI. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9919352

Project MATCH secondary a priori hypotheses

Addiction ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
pp. 1671-1698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Project Match Research Group
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Project Match

Vergleich einer Papier-Bleistift- und einer computergestützten Version des Leistungsprüfsystems (LPS)

Diagnostica ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Troche ◽  
Beatrice Rammstedt ◽  
Thomas Rammsayer
Keyword(s):  
A Priori

Zusammenfassung. Der zunehmende Einsatz computergestützter diagnostischer Verfahren führt zwangsläufig zur Frage nach der Äquivalenz zwischen konventionellen Papier-Bleistift-Versionen und entsprechenden Computertranspositionen. Zur Überprüfung der Äquivalenz zwischen der computergestützten Version des Leistungsprüfsystems (LPS) im Hogrefe Testsystem und der Papier-Bleistift-Version wurden 131 Versuchspersonen mit beiden Verfahren getestet. Heterogene Ergebnisse zwischen der Papier-Bleistift- und der Computerversion belegen, dass nicht a priori von der Äquivalenz beider Versionen ausgegangen werden kann, und weisen nachdrücklich auf die Notwendigkeit systematischer Äquivalenzprüfungen hin. Eine an Hand einer zweiten Stichprobe von 40 Testpersonen durchgeführte Überprüfung der Retest-Reliabilität der computergestützten Version des LPS ergab für ein Retest-Intervall von zwei Wochen Reliabilitätskoeffizienten zwischen rtt = 0.55 und rtt = 0.94. In der Diskussion werden mögliche Gründe für die Nicht-Äquivalenz der beiden LPS-Versionen identifiziert.

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