The impact of deploying pico base stations on capacity and energy efficiency of heterogeneous cellular networks

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasr Obaid ◽  
Andreas Czylwik
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cellular Networks ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Heterogeneous Cellular Networks ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Stochastic Geometry Analysis of Downlink Spectral and Energy Efficiency in Ultradense Heterogeneous Cellular Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Lei ◽  
Hongbin Chen ◽  
Feng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cellular Networks ◽  
Stochastic Geometry ◽  
Density Ratio ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Heterogeneous Cellular Networks ◽  
Downlink Throughput ◽  
The Impact

The energy efficiency (EE) is a key metric of ultradense heterogeneous cellular networks (HCNs). Earlier works on the EE analysis of ultradense HCNs by using the stochastic geometry tool only focused on the impact of the base station density ratio and ignored the function of different tiers. In this paper, a two-tier ultradense HCN with small-cell base stations (SBSs) and user equipments (UEs) densely deployed in a traditional macrocell network is considered. Firstly, the performance of the ultradense HCN in terms of the association probability, average link spectral efficiency (SE), average downlink throughput, and average EE is theoretically analyzed by using the stochastic geometry tool. Then, the problem of maximizing the average EE while meeting minimum requirements of the average link SE and average downlink throughput experienced by UEs in macrocell and small-cell tiers is formulated. As it is difficult to obtain the explicit expression of average EE, impacts of the SBS density ratio and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) threshold on the network performance are investigated through numerical simulations. Simulation results validate the accuracy of theoretical results and demonstrate that the maximum value of average EE can be achieved by optimizing the SBS density ratio and the SINR threshold.

scholarly journals Coverage and Energy Efficiency Analysis for Two-Tier Heterogeneous Cellular Networks Based on Matérn Hard-Core Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Jie Yang ◽  
Ziyu Pan ◽  
Lihong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cellular Networks ◽  
Mutual Exclusion ◽  
Interference Management ◽  
Hard Core ◽  
Approximate Expression ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Heterogeneous Cellular Networks ◽  
Coverage Analysis ◽  
Management Techniques

Due to the dense deployment of base stations (BSs) in heterogeneous cellular networks (HCNs), the energy efficiency (EE) of HCN has attracted the attention of academia and industry. Considering its mathematical tractability, the Poisson point process (PPP) has been employed to model HCNs and analyze their performance widely. The PPP falls short in modeling the effect of interference management techniques, which typically introduces some form of spatial mutual exclusion among BSs. In PPP, all the nodes are independent from each other. As such, PPP may not be suitable to model networks with interference management techniques, where there exists repulsion among the nodes. Considering this, we adopt the Matérn hard-core process (MHCP) instead of PPP, in which no two nodes can be closer than a repulsion radius from one another. In this paper, we study the coverage performance and EE of a two-tier HCN modelled by Matérn hard-core process (MHCP); we abbreviate this kind of two-tier HCN as MHCP-MHCP. We first derive the approximate expression of coverage probability of MHCP-MHCP by extending the approximate signal to interference ratio analysis based on the PPP (ASAPPP) method to multi-tier HCN. The concrete SIR gain of the MHCP model relative to the PPP model is derived through simulation and data fitting. On the basis of coverage analysis, we derive and formulate the EE of MHCP-MHCP network. Simulation results verify the correctness of our theoretical analysis and show the performance difference between the MHCP-MHCP and PPP modelled network.

scholarly journals EE-eICIC: Energy-Efficient Optimization of Joint User Association and ABS for eICIC in Heterogeneous Cellular Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zheng ◽  
Ling Gao ◽  
Hai Wang ◽  
Jinping Niu ◽  
Xiaoya Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Cellular Networks ◽  
Interference Management ◽  
Algorithm Design ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
User Association ◽  
Heterogeneous Cellular Networks ◽  
Generalized Fractional Programming

The densification and expansion of heterogeneous cellular networks (HetNets) pose new challenges on interference management and reduction of energy consumption. The 3GPP has proposed enhanced intercell interference coordination (eICIC) by making a macrocell silent in almost blank subframes (ABSs) to mitigate interference for low power base stations (BSs) in HetNets. However, energy efficiency (EE) is very crucial for the deployment of a large number of low power nodes as they consume a lot of energy. In this work, we develop a novel EE-eICIC algorithm to determine the amount of ABSs and user equipment (UE) that should associate with picocells or macrocells from energy efficiency perspective. Due to the nonsmooth and mixed combinatorial features of this formulation, we focus on a suboptimal algorithm design. Using generalized fractional programming and the convex programming theory, we propose an iterative and relaxed-rounding algorithm to solve the problem. Numerical results illustrate that the proposed EE-eICIC algorithm achieves superior performance in comparison with state-of-the-art methods in terms of energy efficiency of both system and user.

scholarly journals Energy Efficient Caching in Backhaul-Aware Cellular Networks with Dynamic Content Popularity

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiequ Ji ◽  
Kun Zhu ◽  
Ran Wang ◽  
Bing Chen ◽  
Chen Dai
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cellular Networks ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Noise Model ◽  
Traffic Demand ◽  
Hit Rate ◽  
Dynamic Content ◽  
Content Popularity ◽  
Cache Capacity

Caching popular contents at base stations (BSs) has been regarded as an effective approach to alleviate the backhaul load and to improve the quality of service. To meet the explosive data traffic demand and to save energy consumption, energy efficiency (EE) has become an extremely important performance index for the 5th generation (5G) cellular networks. In general, there are two ways for improving the EE for caching, that is, improving the cache-hit rate and optimizing the cache size. In this work, we investigate the energy efficient caching problem in backhaul-aware cellular networks jointly considering these two approaches. Note that most existing works are based on the assumption that the content catalog and popularity are static. However, in practice, content popularity is dynamic. To timely estimate the dynamic content popularity, we propose a method based on shot noise model (SNM). Then we propose a distributed caching policy to improve the cache-hit rate in such a dynamic environment. Furthermore, we analyze the tradeoff between energy efficiency and cache capacity for which an optimization is formulated. We prove its convexity and derive a closed-form optimal cache capacity for maximizing the EE. Simulation results validate the proposed scheme and show that EE can be improved with appropriate choice of cache capacity.

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