Estimation of Clock Skew for Time Synchronization Based on Two-Way Message Exchange Mechanism in Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 4755-4765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Wang ◽  
Lun Shao ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Baoguo Wang ◽  
Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Time Synchronization ◽  
Exchange Mechanism ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Clock Skew ◽  
Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Message Exchange

scholarly journals Node-Identification-Based Secure Time Synchronization in Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaowei Wang ◽  
Peng Zeng ◽  
Linghe Kong ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Xi Jin
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Time Synchronization ◽  
Information Filtering ◽  
Algorithm Design ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Clock Skew ◽  
Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sybil Attacks

Time synchronization is critical for wireless sensors networks in industrial automation, e.g., event detection and process control of industrial plants and equipment need a common time reference. However, cyber-physical attacks are enormous threats causing synchronization protocols to fail. This paper studies the algorithm design and analysis in secure time synchronization for resource-constrained industrial wireless sensor networks under Sybil attacks, which cannot be well addressed by existing methods. A node-identification-based secure time synchronization (NiSTS) protocol is proposed. The main idea of this protocol is to utilize the timestamp correlation among different nodes and the uniqueness of a node’s clock skew to detect invalid information rather than isolating suspicious nodes. In the detection process, each node takes the relative skew with respect to its public neighbor as the basis to determine whether the information is reliable and to filter invalid information. The information filtering mechanism renders NiSTS resistant to Sybil attacks and message manipulation attacks. As a completely distributed protocol, NiSTS is not sensitive to the number of Sybil attackers. Extensive simulations were conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of NiSTS and compare it with existing protocols.

scholarly journals Cluster-Based Maximum Consensus Time Synchronization for Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaowei Wang ◽  
Peng Zeng ◽  
Mingtuo Zhou ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Jintao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Time Synchronization ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Consensus Time

Snowball Effect Time Synchronization Based on Energy Optimization for Wireless Sensor Networks

2012 ◽  
Vol 263-266 ◽  
pp. 866-871
Author(s):  
Gang Yang ◽  
Ming Fei Liang ◽  
Tian Tian Xu
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Time Synchronization ◽  
Energy Optimization ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Synchronization Algorithm ◽  
Message Exchange ◽  
Effect Time ◽  
Snowball Effect

In large scale of WSNs (wireless sensor networks), a centralized algorithm is not suitable for WSNs. Distributed algorithm has the obvious advantage over traditional time synchronization algorithm. The paper proposes a distributed time synchronization algorithm for WSNs, called SNOWBALL effect time synchronization. In the algorithm, a node needs only to communicate with its neighbor node, synchronizing itself clock based on the neighbor nodes information. The algorithm is a continuous synchronization process. The network will reach balance and clock consistency after repeated algorithm iterations. In the algorithm, we achieve network energy optimization by reducing unnecessary message exchange.

Clock Drift Management Using Nature Inspired Algorithms

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-62
Author(s):  
Prakash Tekchandani ◽  
Aditya Trivedi
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Time Synchronization ◽  
Synchronization Error ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Clock Skew ◽  
Clock Drift ◽  
Distributed Sensor ◽  
Network Applications ◽  
Nature Inspired Algorithms

Time Synchronization is common requirement for most network applications. It is particularly essential in a Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) to allow collective signal processing, proper correlation of diverse measurements taken from a set of distributed sensor elements and for an efficient sharing of the communication channel. The Flooding Time Synchronization Protocol (FTSP) was developed explicitly for time synchronization of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we optimized FTSP for clock drift management using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Variant of PSO and Differential Evolution (DE). The paper estimates the clock offset, clock skew, generates linear line and optimizes the value of average time synchronization error using PSO, Variant of PSO and DE. In this paper we present implementation and experimental results that produces reduced average time synchronization error using PSO, Variant of PSO and DE, compared to that of linear regression used in FTSP.

scholarly journals Multiple Two-Way Time Message Exchange (TTME) Time Synchronization for Bridge Monitoring Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanrong Shi ◽  
Xianguo Tuo ◽  
Simon Yang ◽  
Huailiang Li ◽  
Rui Shi
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Time Synchronization ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Bridge Monitoring ◽  
Message Exchange

scholarly journals Pair Nodes Clock Synchronization Algorithm Based on Kalman Filter for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4426
Author(s):  
Xiaomeng Ni ◽  
Ting Lu ◽  
Sijia Ye ◽  
Yunsi Zheng ◽  
Pengfei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Time Synchronization ◽  
Clock Synchronization ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Clock Skew ◽  
Time Stamps ◽  
Clock Offset

Time synchronization is the basis of many applications. Aiming at the limitations of the existing clock synchronization algorithms in underwater wireless sensor networks, we propose a pairwise synchronization algorithm called K-Sync, which is based on the Kalman filter. The algorithm does not need the assistance of the position sensor or the speed sensor, and the high time synchronization accuracy can be realized only by utilizing the time-stamps information in the process of message exchange. The K-Sync uses the general constraints of the motion characteristics of the sensor nodes to establish the recursive equations of the clock skew, clock offset, relative mobility velocity, and relative distance. At the same time, the time-stamps are viewed as the observation variables and the system observation equation is obtained. The K-Sync estimates the normalized clock skew and offset of the node via the Kalman filter to achieve high-precision clock synchronization between the two nodes. The simulation shows that the K-Sync has obvious advantages in the key indicators such as the estimated accuracy of clock skew and clock offset, convergence speed, etc. In addition, the K-Sync is more robust to a variety of underwater motion scenes.

scholarly journals EERS: Energy-Efficient Reference Node Selection Algorithm for Synchronization in Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4095
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Elsharief ◽  
Mohamed A. Abd El-Gawad ◽  
Haneul Ko ◽  
Sangheon Pack
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Time Synchronization ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Node Selection ◽  
Reference Node

Time synchronization is an essential issue in industrial wireless sensor networks (IWSNs). It assists perfect coordinated communications among the sensor nodes to preserve battery power. Generally, time synchronization in IWSNs has two major aspects of energy consumption and accuracy. In the literature, the energy consumption has not received much attention in contrast to the accuracy. In this paper, focusing on the energy consumption aspect, we introduce an energy-efficient reference node selection (EERS) algorithm for time synchronization in IWSNs. It selects and schedules a minimal sequence of connected reference nodes that are responsible for spreading timing messages. EERS achieves energy consumption synchronization by reducing the number of transmitted messages among the sensor nodes. To evaluate the performance of EERS, we conducted extensive experiments with Arduino Nano RF sensors and revealed that EERS achieves considerably fewer messages than previous techniques, robust time synchronization (R-Sync), fast scheduling and accurate drift compensation for time synchronization (FADS), and low power scheduling for time synchronization protocols (LPSS). In addition, simulation results for a large sensor network of 450 nodes demonstrate that EERS reduces the whole number of transmitted messages by 52%, 30%, and 13% compared to R-Sync, FADS, and LPSS, respectively.

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