scholarly journals EERS: Energy-Efficient Reference Node Selection Algorithm for Synchronization in Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4095
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Elsharief ◽  
Mohamed A. Abd El-Gawad ◽  
Haneul Ko ◽  
Sangheon Pack
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Time Synchronization ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Node Selection ◽  
Reference Node

Time synchronization is an essential issue in industrial wireless sensor networks (IWSNs). It assists perfect coordinated communications among the sensor nodes to preserve battery power. Generally, time synchronization in IWSNs has two major aspects of energy consumption and accuracy. In the literature, the energy consumption has not received much attention in contrast to the accuracy. In this paper, focusing on the energy consumption aspect, we introduce an energy-efficient reference node selection (EERS) algorithm for time synchronization in IWSNs. It selects and schedules a minimal sequence of connected reference nodes that are responsible for spreading timing messages. EERS achieves energy consumption synchronization by reducing the number of transmitted messages among the sensor nodes. To evaluate the performance of EERS, we conducted extensive experiments with Arduino Nano RF sensors and revealed that EERS achieves considerably fewer messages than previous techniques, robust time synchronization (R-Sync), fast scheduling and accurate drift compensation for time synchronization (FADS), and low power scheduling for time synchronization protocols (LPSS). In addition, simulation results for a large sensor network of 450 nodes demonstrate that EERS reduces the whole number of transmitted messages by 52%, 30%, and 13% compared to R-Sync, FADS, and LPSS, respectively.

scholarly journals Energy-efficient hierarchical routing in wireless sensor networks based on Fog Computing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ademola Abidoye ◽  
Boniface Kabaso
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Hierarchical Routing

Abstract Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been recognized as one of the most essential technologies of the 21st century. The applications of WSNs are rapidly increasing in almost every sector because they can be deployed in areas where cable and power supply are difficult to use. In the literature, different methods have been proposed to minimize energy consumption of sensor nodes so as to prolong WSNs utilization. In this article, we propose an efficient routing protocol for data transmission in WSNs; it is called Energy-Efficient Hierarchical routing protocol for wireless sensor networks based on Fog Computing (EEHFC). Fog computing is integrated into the proposed scheme due to its capability to optimize the limited power source of WSNs and its ability to scale up to the requirements of the Internet of Things applications. In addition, we propose an improved ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm that can be used to construct optimal path for efficient data transmission for sensor nodes. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in comparison with P-SEP, EDCF, and RABACO schemes. The results of the simulations show that the proposed approach can minimize sensor nodes’ energy consumption, data packet losses and extends the network lifetime

Nature-Inspired Algorithms in Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
pp. 246-275
Author(s):  
Ajay Kaushik ◽  
S. Indu ◽  
Daya Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Nature Inspired Algorithms

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are becoming increasingly popular due to their applications in a wide variety of areas. Sensor nodes in a WSN are battery operated which outlines the need of some novel protocols that allows the limited sensor node battery to be used in an efficient way. The authors propose the use of nature-inspired algorithms to achieve energy efficient and long-lasting WSN. Multiple nature-inspired techniques like BBO, EBBO, and PSO are proposed in this chapter to minimize the energy consumption in a WSN. A large amount of data is generated from WSNs in the form of sensed information which encourage the use of big data tools in WSN domain. WSN and big data are closely connected since the large amount of data emerging from sensors can only be handled using big data tools. The authors describe how the big data can be framed as an optimization problem and the optimization problem can be effectively solved using nature-inspired algorithms.

Energy-Efficient Technique for Monitoring of Agricultural Areas with Terrestrial Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (09) ◽  
pp. 2050141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammed Enes Bayrakdar
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Fading Channels ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Efficient Manner

In this paper, a monitoring technique based on the wireless sensor network is investigated. The sensor nodes used for monitoring are developed in a simulation environment. Accordingly, the structure and workflow of wireless sensor network nodes are designed. Time-division multiple access (TDMA) protocol has been chosen as the medium access technique to ensure that the designed technique operates in an energy-efficient manner and packet collisions are not experienced. Fading channels, i.e., no interference, Ricean and Rayleigh, are taken into consideration. Energy consumption is decreased with the help of ad-hoc communication of sensor nodes. Throughput performance for different wireless fading channels and energy consumption are evaluated. The simulation results show that the sensor network can quickly collect medium information and transmit data to the processing center in real time. Besides, the proposed technique suggests the usefulness of wireless sensor networks in the terrestrial areas.

Energy Efficient Multi-Hop Wireless Sensor Networks with CMIMO-SM Scheme

2014 ◽  
Vol 666 ◽  
pp. 322-326
Author(s):  
Yu Yang Peng ◽  
Jae Ho Choi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Output System

Energy efficiency is one of the important hot issues in wireless sensor networks. In this paper, a multi-hop scheme based on a cooperative multi-input multi-outputspatial modulation technique is proposed in order to improve energy efficiency in WSN. In this scheme, the sensor nodes are grouped into clusters in order to achieve a multi-input multi-output system; and a simple forwarding transmission scenario is considered so that the intermediate clusters only forward packets originated from the source cluster down to the sink cluster. In order to verify the performance of the proposed system, the bit energy consumption formula is derived and the optimal number of hopsis determined. By qualitative experiments, the obtained results show that the proposed scheme can deliver the data over multiple hops consuming optimal energy consumption per bit.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient Clustering Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Yellow Saddle Goatfish Algorithm

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alma Rodríguez ◽  
Carolina Del-Valle-Soto ◽  
Ramiro Velázquez
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Cluster Structure ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Cluster Heads ◽  
Energy Efficient Clustering

The usage of wireless sensor devices in many applications, such as in the Internet of Things and monitoring in dangerous geographical spaces, has increased in recent years. However, sensor nodes have limited power, and battery replacement is not viable in most cases. Thus, energy savings in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is the primary concern in the design of efficient communication protocols. Therefore, a novel energy-efficient clustering routing protocol for WSNs based on Yellow Saddle Goatfish Algorithm (YSGA) is proposed. The protocol is intended to intensify the network lifetime by reducing energy consumption. The network considers a base station and a set of cluster heads in its cluster structure. The number of cluster heads and the selection of optimal cluster heads is determined by the YSGA algorithm, while sensor nodes are assigned to its nearest cluster head. The cluster structure of the network is reconfigured by YSGA to ensure an optimal distribution of cluster heads and reduce the transmission distance. Experiments show competitive results and demonstrate that the proposed routing protocol minimizes the energy consumption, improves the lifetime, and prolongs the stability period of the network in comparison with the stated of the art clustering routing protocols.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient Broadcasting Scheme for Smart Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuangbin Chen ◽  
Anfeng Liu ◽  
Zhetao Li ◽  
Young-June Choi ◽  
Hiroo Sekiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Packet Transmission ◽  
Link Quality ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Upgrade

In smart Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (IWSNs), sensor nodes usually adopt a programmable technology. These smart devices can obtain new or special functions by reprogramming: they upgrade their soft systems through receiving new version of program codes. If sensor nodes need to be upgraded, the sink node will propagate program code packets to them through “one-to-many” broadcasting, and therefore new capabilities can be obtained, forming the so-called Software Defined Network (SDN). However, due to the high volume of code packet, the constraint energy of sensor node, and the unreliable link quality of wireless network, rapidly broadcasting the code packets to all nodes in network can be a challenge issue. In this paper, a novel Energy-efficient Broadcast scheme with adjustable broadcasting radius is proposed aiming to improve the performance of network upgrade. In our scheme, the nonhotspots sensor nodes take full advantage of their residual energy caused in data collection period to improve the packet reception probability and reduce the broadcasting delay of code packet transmission by enlarging the broadcasting radius, that is, the transmitting power. The theoretical analyses and experimental results show that, compared with previous work, our approach can averagely reduce the Network Upgrade Delay (NUD) by 14.8%–45.2% and simultaneously increase the reliability without harming the lifetime of network.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient Multi-Disjoint Path Opportunistic Node Connection Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks for Smart Grids

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 3789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anees ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Baig ◽  
Lougou
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Disjoint Path

The gradual increase in the maturity of sensor electronics has resulted in the increasing demand for wireless sensor networks for many industrial applications. One of the industrial platforms for efficient usage and deployment of sensor networks is smart grids. The critical network traffic in smart grids includes both delay-sensitive and delay-tolerant data for real-time and non-real-time usage. To facilitate these traffic requirements, the asynchronous working–sleeping cycle of sensor nodes can be used as an opportunity to create a node connection. Efficient use of wireless sensor network in smart grids depends on various parameters like working–sleeping cycle, energy consumption, network lifetime, routing protocol, and delay constraints. In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient multi-disjoint path opportunistic node connection routing protocol (abbreviated as EMOR) for sensor nodes deployed in neighborhood area network. EMOR utilizes residual energy, availability of sensor node’s buffer size, working–sleeping cycle of the sensor node and link quality factor to calculate optimum path connectivity after opportunistic connection random graph and spanning tree formation. The multi-disjoint path selection in EMOR based on service differentiation of real-time and non-real-time traffic leads to an improvement in packet delivery rate, network lifetime, end-end delay and total energy consumption.

scholarly journals A Distributed Heuristic Algorithm for Delay Constrained Energy Efficient Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thua Trong Huynh ◽  
Hung Cong Tran ◽  
Vu Duc Anh Dinh
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Computational Complexity ◽  
Heuristic Algorithm ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
End To End Delay

Besides energy restriction, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) should be able to provide bounded end-to-end delay when they are used to support real-time applications such as early forest fire alarm systems. In this paper, we investigate the problem of finding the least energy consumption route subject to a delay constraint with low computational complexity in such networks. Based on the distance-vector routing approach, which has less computational complexity and message overhead, we propose a distributed heuristic algorithm called Delay Constrained Energy Efficient Routing (DCEER) in order to minimize the total energy consumption while meeting the end-to-end delay requirement. DCEER only requires a moderate amount of information at each sensor node and does not suffer from the excessive running time. We prove that our proposed algorithm always finishes within a finite time and the computation complexity is only O(n), where n is a divisor of the number of sensor nodes. By mathematical proof and simulation, we verify that DCEER is suitable for large-scale WSNs because the number of messages exchanged between sensor nodes are represented by a polynomial function. Furthermore, we evaluate our proposal to compare its performance with related protocols.

scholarly journals Implementation of ITREE-MAC Protocol for Effective Power Management and Time Synchronization in Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 863-868
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Power Management ◽  
Time Synchronization ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Packet Delivery

The advent of wireless sensor networks (WSN) has led in recent revolutionary modifications in electronic and communication systems .Various applications in wireless network needs time synchronization as a basic requirement. Wireless sensor nodes are tiny in size and operated at low energy to record the required physical parameters for low-duty apps. Because nodes have a tiny battery with a lower life span, power management is crucial for long-term working with the sensors. Wireless Sensor Network is a set of sensor nodes used to send and receive data packets from one sensor node to another. This work aims to propose three protocols such as Receiver Centric MAC protocol (RC-MAC), Improved Receiver Centric MAC protocol (IRC-MAC) and Intelligent Traffic and Resource Elastic Energy MAC protocol (ITREE-MAC) for the WSN environment and based on the application. These protocols help in studying the parametric measures such as delay, energy consumption, packet delivery ratio and throughput. The comparative analysis is carried out to select the more efficient protocol for the application of wireless sensor networks. This research work is implemented and simulated by using NS 2.35 Simulator. Based on the simulation results obtained for proposed protocols using the NS2 simulator. The performance of ITREE-MAC protocol shows better results for parameters end to end delay, energy consumption, throughput, packet delivery ratio. So the overall performance of ITREE-MAC protocol is much better than other three IEEE802.11 MAC, RC-MAC and IRC-MAC protocols. As per results obtained, energy consumption is less in ITREE-MAC protocol and save the power in wireless sensor network applications

scholarly journals Monitoring square and circular fields with sensors using energy-efficient cluster-based routing for underwater wireless sensor networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 155014771771718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arshad Sher ◽  
Nadeem Javaid ◽  
Irfan Azam ◽  
Hira Ahmad ◽  
Wadood Abdul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Efficient Clustering

In this article, to monitor the fields with square and circular geometries, three energy-efficient routing protocols are proposed for underwater wireless sensor networks. First one is sparsity-aware energy-efficient clustering, second one is circular sparsity-aware energy-efficient clustering, and the third one is circular depth–based sparsity-aware energy-efficient clustering routing protocol. All three protocols are proposed to minimize the energy consumption of sparse regions, whereas sparsity search algorithm is proposed to find sparse regions and density search algorithm is used to find dense regions of the network field. Moreover, clustering is performed in dense regions to minimize redundant transmissions of a data packet, while sink mobility is exploited to collect data from sensor nodes with an objective of minimum energy consumption. A depth threshold [Formula: see text] value is also used to minimize number of hops between source and destination for less energy consumption. Simulation results show that our schemes perform better than their counter-part schemes (depth-based routing and energy-efficient depth-based routing) in terms of energy efficiency.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document