scholarly journals Update: Severe Respiratory Illness Associated With Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)-Worldwide, 2012-2013

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2492-2495 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Severe Respiratory Illness

scholarly journals Establishment of well-differentiated camelid airway cultures to study Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitra Gultom ◽  
Annika Kratzel ◽  
Jasmine Portmann ◽  
Hanspeter Stalder ◽  
Astrid Chanfon Baetzner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Airway Epithelial Cell ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Cell Tropism ◽  
Airway Epithelial ◽  
Detailed Characterization ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Severe Respiratory Illness

In 2012, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) emerged in Saudi Arabia and was mostly associated with severe respiratory illness in humans. Dromedary camels are the zoonotic reservoir for MERS-CoV. To investigate the biology of MERS-CoV in camelids, we developed a well-differentiated airway epithelial cell (AEC) culture model for Llama glama and Camelus bactrianus. Histological characterization revealed progressive epithelial cellular differentiation with well-resemblance to autologous ex vivo tissues. We demonstrate that MERS-CoV displays a divergent cell tropism and replication kinetics profile in both AEC models. Furthermore, we observed that in the camelid AEC models MERS-CoV replication can be inhibited by both type I and III interferons (IFNs). In conclusion, we successfully established camelid AEC cultures that recapitulate the in vivo airway epithelium and reflect MERS-CoV infection in vivo. In combination with human AEC cultures, this system allows detailed characterization of the molecular basis of MERS-CoV cross-species transmission in respiratory epithelium. 

scholarly journals Structure and oligomerization state of the C-terminal region of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleoprotein

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Hong Van Nguyen ◽  
Julie Lichière ◽  
Bruno Canard ◽  
Nicolas Papageorgiou ◽  
Sarah Attoumani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Nucleoprotein N ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Genome Encapsidation

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a human pathogen responsible for a severe respiratory illness that emerged in 2012. Structural information about the proteins that constitute the viral particle is scarce. In order to contribute to a better understanding of the nucleoprotein (N) in charge of RNA genome encapsidation, the structure of the C-terminal domain of N from MERS-CoV obtained using single-crystal X-ray diffraction is reported here at 1.97 Å resolution. The molecule is present as a dimer in the crystal structure and this oligomerization state is confirmed in solution, as measured by additional methods including small-angle X-ray scattering measurements. Comparisons with the structures of the C-terminal domains of N from other coronaviruses reveals a high degree of structural conservation despite low sequence conservation, and differences in electrostatic potential at the surface of the protein.

scholarly journals Covid-19: The Wuhan Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-253
Author(s):  
Tooba Masood
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
Prevention Guidelines

Coronavirus belongs to a large family of viruses that usually cause respiratory illness in human beings that can be mild and severe depending upon the strain. In 2002, the outbreak of SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) reported more than 8000 infected cases with 774 mortalities. In 2012, the outbreak of MERS (middle east respiratory syndrome) infected around 2494 people and 858 deaths were reported according to the WHO. In January 2020, a new strain of coronavirus named 2019-nCoV has been identified in China. The number of confirmed cases has been increasing reaching 5,593,631 cases worldwide with 353,334 deaths up till 28th May 2020 according to WHO situation report-129. Concerned authorities are working on minimizing its spread. Prevention guidelines have been released by WHO, hoping to control the transmission and save the world from the effects of this novel virus.

scholarly journals Surface-aerosol stability and pathogenicity of diverse MERS-CoV strains from 2012 - 2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeltje van Doremalen ◽  
Michael Letko ◽  
Robert J. Fischer ◽  
Trenton Bushmaker ◽  
Claude Kwe Yinda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Natural Variation ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Small Animal Model ◽  
Surface Stability ◽  
Viral Surveillance ◽  
Severe Respiratory Illness ◽  
Reduced Surface

AbstractMiddle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a coronavirus that infects both humans and dromedary camels and is responsible for an ongoing outbreak of severe respiratory illness in humans in the Middle East. While some mutations found in camel-derived MERS-CoV strains have been characterized, the majority of natural variation found across MERS-CoV isolates remains unstudied. Here we report on the environmental stability, replication kinetics and pathogenicity of several diverse isolates of MERS-CoV as well as SARS-CoV-2 to serve as a basis of comparison with other stability studies. While most of the MERS-CoV isolates exhibited similar stability and pathogenicity in our experiments, the camel derived isolate, C/KSA/13, exhibited reduced surface stability while another camel isolate, C/BF/15, had reduced pathogenicity in a small animal model. These results suggest that while betacoronaviruses may have similar environmental stability profiles, individual variation can influence this phenotype, underscoring the importance of continual, global viral surveillance.

scholarly journals Severe respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus, in a patient transferred to the United Kingdom from the Middle East, September 2012

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (40) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bermingham ◽  
M A Chand ◽  
C S Brown ◽  
E Aarons ◽  
C Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Severe Respiratory Illness

Coronaviruses have the potential to cause severe transmissible human disease, as demonstrated by the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak of 2003. We describe here the clinical and virological features of a novel coronavirus infection causing severe respiratory illness in a patient transferred to London, United Kingdom, from the Gulf region of the Middle East.

scholarly journals CORONAVIRUS INFECTION AND ITS CONTROL THROUGH VARIOUS APPROACHES: A SHORT REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Shoaib Shareef ◽  
Sawera Khalil ◽  
Muhammad Shahid Sharif
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
New Research

Coronavirus is a common virus causing very serious issues to public health. This virus, SARS-COV-2, has disseminated worldwide respiratory illness, designated as COVID-19. This viral infection disturbs people in various ways. A lot of people infested due to this virus develop a mild illness and get relief soon without any sort of hospitalization. But mostly, it becomes highly severe later and the patient has to undergo shortening of breath as well as some other chest-related abnormalities like Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Acute Respiratory Syndrome. In this manuscript, we have discussed multiple areas like symptomatology, management approaches including Homoeopathic and Allopathic (drugs) treatments, plus vaccination.  Lastly, we have put in the conclusion of overall literature, and most importantly implicated or suggested certain new research areas for the researchers to explore which may assist in preventing further spread of this threatening syndrome now and in the future.

scholarly journals MERS-CoV: Understanding the Latest Human Coronavirus Threat

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aasiyah Chafekar ◽  
Burtram C. Fielding
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Genome Structure ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Human Coronavirus ◽  
East Europe ◽  
Human Coronaviruses ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Severe Respiratory Illness ◽  
Diagnosis Of Infection

Human coronaviruses cause both upper and lower respiratory tract infections in humans. In 2012 a sixth human coronavirus (hCoV) was isolated from a patient presenting with severe respiratory illness. The 60-year-old man died as a result of renal and respiratory failure after admission to a hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The aetiological agent was eventually identified as a coronavirus and designated Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). MERS-CoV has now been reported in more than 27 countries across the Middle East, Europe, North Africa and Asia. As of July 2017, 2040 MERS-CoV laboratory confirmed cases, resulting in 712 deaths, were reported globally, with a majority of these cases from the Arabian Peninsula. This review summarises the current understanding of MERS-CoV, with special reference to the (i) genome structure, (ii) clinical features, (iii) diagnosis of infection and (iv) treatment and vaccine development.

scholarly journals First Confirmed Case of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection in the Kingdom of Bahrain: In a Saudi Gentleman after Cardiac Bypass Surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahed Seddiq ◽  
Manaf Al-Qahtani ◽  
Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq ◽  
Nazar Bukamal
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Coronary Bypass ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cardiac Bypass ◽  
Severe Respiratory Infection ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Close Contacts

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is well known to cause severe respiratory infection and was first reported in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 2012. We report here the first confirmed MERS-CoV infection in the Kingdom of Bahrain in a Saudi gentleman who was admitted electively for coronary bypass surgery, postoperatively developed an acute respiratory illness, and tested positive for MERS-CoV. 40 close contacts, all healthcare workers, were traced and followed with no documented secondary cases.

scholarly journals MERS-CoV: Understanding the Latest Human Coronavirus Threat

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aasiyah Chafekar ◽  
Burtram C. Fielding
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Genome Structure ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Human Coronavirus ◽  
East Europe ◽  
Human Coronaviruses ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Severe Respiratory Illness ◽  
Diagnosis Of Infection

Human coronaviruses cause both upper and lower respiratory tract infections in humans. In 2012 a sixth human coronavirus (hCoV) was isolated from a patient presenting with severe respiratory illness. The 60-year-old man died as a result of renal and respiratory failure after admission to a hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The aetiological agent was eventually identified as a coronavirus and designated Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). MERS-CoV has now been reported in more than 27 countries across the Middle East, Europe, North Africa and Asia. As of July 2017, 2040 MERS-CoV laboratory confirmed cases, resulting in 712 deaths, were reported globally, with a majority of these cases from the Arabian Peninsula. This review summarises the current understanding of MERS-CoV, with special reference to the (i) genome structure, (ii) clinical features, (iii) diagnosis of infection and (iv) treatment and vaccine development.

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