Effects of one‐legged high‐intensity interval training on insulin‐mediated skeletal muscle glucose homeostasis in patients with type 2 diabetes

Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training compared with no intervention and other types of training interventions for people with Type 2 Diabetes. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that used high-interval intensity training to improve anthropometric, cardiopulmonary and metabolic conditions were conducted. The search was performed during October–December 2017 using the databases PubMed, Web of Science and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using the PEDro scale. A total of 10 articles were included in this meta-analysis. After statistical analysis, favorable results were obtained for high-Intensity Interval Training compared with control (non-intervention): [Weight: Standardized mean difference (SMD) = −2.09; confidence interval (CI) 95%: (−3.41; −0.78); body-mass index: SMD = −3.73; CI 95%: (−5.53; −1.93); systolic blood pressure: SMD = −4.55; CI 95%: (−8.44; −0.65); VO2max: SMD = 12.20; CI 95%: (0.26; 24.14); HbA1c: SMD = −3.72; CI 95%: (−7.34; −0.10)], moderate intensity continuous training: [body-mass index: SMD = −0.41; CI 95%: (−0.80; −0.03); VO2max: SMD = 1.91; CI 95%: (0.18; 3.64)], and low intensity training: [Weight: SMD = −2.06; CI 95%: (−2.80; −1.31); body-mass index: SMD = −3.04; CI 95%: (−5.16; −0.92); systolic blood pressure: SMD = −2.17; CI 95%: (−3.93; −0.41); HbA1c: SMD = −1.58; CI 95%: (−1.84; −1.33)]. The results show that high-intensity interval training can be a useful strategy in order to improve anthropometric, cardiopulmonary and metabolic parameters in people with Type 2 diabetes. Despite this, it could be essential to clarify and unify criteria in the intervention protocols, being necessary new lines of research.

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The effects of high intensity interval training on appetite management in individuals with type 2 diabetes: influenced by participants weight

Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders ◽

10.1007/s40200-019-00396-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 107-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Saleh Afrasyabi ◽

Syed Mohamad Marandi ◽

Mehdi Kargarfard

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

High Intensity ◽

Interval Training ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

High Intensity Interval

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Timing of Exercise Affects Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Patients Treated with Metformin

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2018/2483273 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Tao Huang ◽

Chunyan Lu ◽

Moritz Schumann ◽

Shenglong Le ◽

Yifan Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

High Intensity ◽

Interval Training ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Acute Effects ◽

Sod Activity ◽

High Intensity Interval

Objective. The purpose of the study was to examine the acute effects of the timing of exercise on the glycemic control during and after exercise in T2D. Methods. This study included 26 T2D patients (14 women and 12 men) who were treated with metformin. All patients were tested on four occasions: metformin administration alone (Metf), high-intensity interval training (HIIT) performed at 30 minutes (EX30), 60 minutes (EX60), and 90 minutes (EX90) postbreakfast, respectively. Glucose, insulin, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were examined. Results. Glucose decreased significantly after the exercise in EX30, EX60, and EX90. Compared with Metf, the decline in glucose immediately after the exercise was larger in EX30 (−2.58 mmol/L; 95% CI, −3.36 to −1.79 mmol/L; p<0.001), EX60 (−2.13 mmol/L; 95% CI, −2.91 to −1.34 mmol/L; p<0.001), and EX90 (−1.87 mmol/L; 95% CI, −2.65 to −1.08 mmol/L; p<0.001), respectively. Compared with Metf, the decrease in insulin was larger in EX30 and EX60 (both p<0.001). Conclusions. Timing of exercise is a factor to consider when prescribing exercise for T2D patients treated with metformin. This trial is registered with ChiCTR-IOR-16008469 on 13 May 2016.

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Effects of the High Intensity Interval Training on Myocardial Mitochondria Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000485153.15324.00 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 48 ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

Shinji Sato ◽

Takao Kato ◽

Mayumi Kubota ◽

Shingo Otsuki ◽

Shiro Tanaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

High Intensity ◽

Interval Training ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Myocardial Mitochondria ◽

High Intensity Interval

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Low-volume high-intensity interval training reduces hyperglycemia and increases muscle mitochondrial capacity in patients with type 2 diabetes

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00921.2011 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 111 (6) ◽

pp. 1554-1560 ◽

Cited By ~ 367

Author(s):

Jonathan P. Little ◽

Jenna B. Gillen ◽

Michael E. Percival ◽

Adeel Safdar ◽

Mark A. Tarnopolsky ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Interval Training ◽

Glucose Regulation ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Metabolic Capacity ◽

Low Volume ◽

High Intensity Interval ◽

Mitochondrial Capacity

Low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIT) is emerging as a time-efficient exercise strategy for improving health and fitness. This form of exercise has not been tested in type 2 diabetes and thus we examined the effects of low-volume HIT on glucose regulation and skeletal muscle metabolic capacity in patients with type 2 diabetes. Eight patients with type 2 diabetes (63 ± 8 yr, body mass index 32 ± 6 kg/m2, HbA1C 6.9 ± 0.7%) volunteered to participate in this study. Participants performed six sessions of HIT (10 × 60-s cycling bouts eliciting ∼90% maximal heart rate, interspersed with 60 s rest) over 2 wk. Before training and from ∼48 to 72 h after the last training bout, glucose regulation was assessed using 24-h continuous glucose monitoring under standardized dietary conditions. Markers of skeletal muscle metabolic capacity were measured in biopsy samples (vastus lateralis) before and after (72 h) training. Average 24-h blood glucose concentration was reduced after training (7.6 ± 1.0 vs. 6.6 ± 0.7 mmol/l) as was the sum of the 3-h postprandial areas under the glucose curve for breakfast, lunch, and dinner (both P < 0.05). Training increased muscle mitochondrial capacity as evidenced by higher citrate synthase maximal activity (∼20%) and protein content of Complex II 70 kDa subunit (∼37%), Complex III Core 2 protein (∼51%), and Complex IV subunit IV (∼68%, all P < 0.05). Mitofusin 2 (∼71%) and GLUT4 (∼369%) protein content were also higher after training (both P < 0.05). Our findings indicate that low-volume HIT can rapidly improve glucose control and induce adaptations in skeletal muscle that are linked to improved metabolic health in patients with type 2 diabetes.

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