scholarly journals Projecting consequences of global warming for the functional diversity of fleshy‐fruited plants and frugivorous birds along a tropical elevational gradient

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1362-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Nowak ◽  
W. Daniel Kissling ◽  
Irene M. A. Bender ◽  
D. Matthias Dehling ◽  
Till Töpfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Frugivorous Birds

scholarly journals Projected impacts of climate change on functional diversity of frugivorous birds along a tropical elevational gradient

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene M. A. Bender ◽  
W. Daniel Kissling ◽  
Katrin Böhning-Gaese ◽  
Isabell Hensen ◽  
Ingolf Kühn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Frugivorous Birds ◽  
Bird Assemblages ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Frugivorous Bird ◽  
Functional Dispersion

AbstractClimate change forces many species to move their ranges to higher latitudes or elevations. Resulting immigration or emigration of species might lead to functional changes, e.g., in the trait distribution and composition of ecological assemblages. Here, we combined approaches from biogeography (species distribution models; SDMs) and community ecology (functional diversity) to investigate potential effects of climate-driven range changes on frugivorous bird assemblages along a 3000 m elevational gradient in the tropical Andes. We used SDMs to model current and projected future occurrence probabilities of frugivorous bird species from the lowlands to the tree line. SDM-derived probabilities of occurrence were combined with traits relevant for seed dispersal of fleshy-fruited plants to calculate functional dispersion (FDis; a measure of functional diversity) for current and future bird assemblages. Comparisons of FDis between current and projected future assemblages showed consistent results across four dispersal scenarios, five climate models and two representative concentration pathways. Projections indicated a decrease of FDis in the lowlands, an increase of FDis at lower mid-elevations and little changes at high elevations. This suggests that functional dispersion responds differently to global warming at different elevational levels, likely modifying avian seed dispersal functions and plant regeneration in forest ecosystems along tropical mountains.

scholarly journals Species Richness, Abundance and Functional Diversity of a Bat Community along an Elevational Gradient in the Espinhaço Mountain Range, Southeastern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo De Rodrigues Coelho ◽  
Adriano Pereira Paglia ◽  
Arleu Barbosa Viana-Junior ◽  
Luiz A. Dolabela Falcão ◽  
Guilherme B. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Mountain Range

The effect of environmental filtering on variation in functional diversity along a tropical elevational gradient

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 973-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Ding ◽  
Runguo Zang ◽  
Xinghui Lu ◽  
Jihong Huang ◽  
Yue Xu
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Environmental Filtering ◽  
Elevational Gradient

scholarly journals Functional diversity of phytoplankton highlights long-term gradual regime shift in the middle section of the Danube River due to global warming, human impacts and oligotrophication

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 456-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
András Abonyi ◽  
Éva Ács ◽  
András Hidas ◽  
István Grigorszky ◽  
Gábor Várbíró ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Regime Shift ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Middle Section ◽  
The Danube River

scholarly journals Increased functional diversity warns of ecological transition in the Arctic

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1948) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Frainer ◽  
Raul Primicerio ◽  
Andrey Dolgov ◽  
Maria Fossheim ◽  
Edda Johannesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Arctic Species ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Motile Species ◽  
Ecological Transition

As temperatures rise, motile species start to redistribute to more suitable areas, potentially affecting the persistence of several resident species and altering biodiversity and ecosystem functions. In the Barents Sea, a hotspot for global warming, marine fish from boreal regions have been increasingly found in the more exclusive Arctic region. Here, we show that this shift in species distribution is increasing species richness and evenness, and even more so, the functional diversity of the Arctic. Higher diversity is often interpreted as being positive for ecosystem health and is a target for conservation. However, the increasing trend observed here may be transitory as the traits involved threaten Arctic species via predation and competition. If the pressure from global warming continues to rise, the ensuing loss of Arctic species will result in a reduction in functional diversity.

scholarly journals Do forest over- and understory respond to the same environmental variables when viewed at the taxonomic and trait level?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenny Helsen ◽  
Yeng-Chen Shen ◽  
Tsung-Yi Lin ◽  
Chien-Fan Chen ◽  
Chu-Mei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Environmental Filtering ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Functional Trait ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Diversity Patterns ◽  
Soil Variation

While the relative importance of climate filtering is known to be higher for woody species assemblages than herbaceous assemblage, it remains largely unexplored whether this pattern is also reflected between the woody overstory and herbaceous understory of forests. While climatic variation will be more buffered by the tree layer, the understory might also respond more to small-scale soil variation, next to experiencing additional environmental filtering due to the overstory's effects on light and litter quality. For (sub)tropical forests, the understory often contains a high proportion of fern and lycophyte species, for which environmental filtering is even less well understood. We explored the proportional importance of climate proxies and soil variation on the species, functional trait and (functional) diversity patterns of both the forest overstory and fern and lycophyte understory along an elevational gradient from 850 to 2100 m a.s.l. in northern Taiwan. We selected nine functional traits expected to respond to soil nutrient or climatic stress for this study and furthermore verified whether they were positively related across vegetation layers, as expected when driven by similar environmental drivers. We found that climate was a proportionally more important predictor than soil for the species composition of both vegetation layers and trait composition of the understory. The stronger than expected proportional effect of climate for the understory was likely due to fern and lycophytes' higher vulnerability to drought, while the high importance of soil for the overstory seemed driven by deciduous species. The environmental drivers affected different response traits in both vegetation layers, however, which together with additional overstory effects on understory traits, resulted in a strong disconnection of community-level trait values across layers. Interestingly, species and functional diversity patterns could be almost exclusively explained by climate effects for both vegetational layers, with the exception of understory species richness. This study illustrates that environmental filtering can differentially affect species, trait and diversity patterns and can be highly divergent for forest overstory and understory vegetation, and should consequently not be extrapolated across vegetation layers or between composition and diversity patterns.

scholarly journals Response of Background Herbivory in Mature Birch Trees to Global Warming

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Nakamura ◽  
Moeko Minoshima ◽  
Chisato Terada ◽  
Kentaro Takagi ◽  
Kobayashi Makoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Soil Warming ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Birch Trees ◽  
Tannin Concentration ◽  
Plant Herbivore ◽  
Natural Climate

Given the time scale based on the duration of exposure to global warming, natural climate-gradient studies and experimental manipulations have detected long-term (decades to centuries) and short-term (years to decades) ecological responses to global warming. Combination of these two complementary approaches within a single study may enable prediction of the likely responses of ecological processes to global warming. To understand how global warming affects plant–herbivore interactions within a canopy of Erman’s birch, we combined an elevational gradient study and a warming experiment involving mature birch trees in which the soil and tree branches were warmed separately. In the elevational gradient study, herbivory by chewing insects and plant growth increased as elevation decreased, and the concentrations of condensed tannins and total phenolics in the leaves decreased. In the warming experiment, soil warming alone increased herbivory, and the addition of branch warming amplified the effect on herbivory. Soil warming alone decreased the tannin concentration, and the addition of branch warming led to a further reduction. The variation in herbivory was best explained by the tannin content of leaves. Our experimental results demonstrate that the decreased tannin content of leaves due to a combination of soil and branch warming was an important driver of increased herbivory in the canopy of the mature birch trees. The similar tendencies in the short- and long-term responses imply that global warming is likely to increase background herbivory in mature birch trees by decreasing the tannin content of leaves in the canopy.

Divergent responses of functional diversity to an elevational gradient for vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Asplund ◽  
Kristel van Zuijlen ◽  
Ruben Erik Roos ◽  
Tone Birkemoe ◽  
Kari Klanderud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Elevational Gradient

scholarly journals Plant and animal functional diversity drive mutualistic network assembly across an elevational gradient

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Albrecht ◽  
Alice Classen ◽  
Maximilian G. R. Vollstädt ◽  
Antonia Mayr ◽  
Neduvoto P. Mollel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Elevational Gradient
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