Comparison of clinical characteristics and treatment efficacy in childhood‐onset schizophrenia and adolescent‐onset schizophrenia in mainland China: A retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Cheng ◽  
Huihui Zhang ◽  
Jiuping Zhang ◽  
Ping Xu ◽  
Peiying Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Childhood Onset Schizophrenia

Herbal and Dietary Supplement-Induced Liver Injury: A Nationwide Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyu Liu ◽  
Rongtao Lai ◽  
jieting tang ◽  
Yulin Hu ◽  
Yang Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Older Individuals

Abstract Background Herbal and Dietary Supplements (HDS) are capable of causing liver injury, however, the extent of HDS-induced liver injury compared to western medication (WM)-induced liver injury has not been well studied. Methods This was a three-year, retrospective study from 308 centers across Mainland China. 3,877 patients with liver injury due to HDS and 3,796 patients with liver injury due to WM were analyzed. Demographic and clinical characteristics, implicated agents, and severity of liver injury were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results The HDS group was older (average age 47.65 ± 14.8 years) and had more females (57.92%). The latency to onset of liver injury was greater in the HDS group than in the WM group (41 vs. 35 days, P < 0.0001). The median levels of serum aspertate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and total bilirubin (TBIL) at injury detection and at peak were significantly higher in the HDS group (P < 0 .0001). The mortality and incidence of acute liver failure (ALF) did not differ significantly between groups (0.59% vs. 0.76%, P = 0.3643; 2.31% vs. 2.13%, P = 0.6253). In patients without pre-existing liver diseases, the frequency of chronic DILI was higher in the HDS group (15.26% vs. 11.13%, P < 0 .0001). Conclusion Compared to WM-DILI, HDS-DILI is more common in older individuals and women, and has a longer latency period. HDS seems to cause more severe clinical manifestations, yet it does not increase the risk of fatal clinical outcomes. Further regulations on the use of HDS are needed.

Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia: Timely Neurobiological Research

1994 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 771-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHLEEN McKENNA ◽  
CHARLES T. GORDON ◽  
JUDITH L. RAPOPORT
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Childhood Onset Schizophrenia ◽  
Neurobiological Research

scholarly journals 314 Clinical characteristics and prognosis of ovarian clear cell carcinoma: a 10-year retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenchen Zhu ◽  
Jing Zhu ◽  
Shuangfeng Chen ◽  
Qingqing Zhou ◽  
Hanyuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Clear Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma

scholarly journals Analysis of clinical characteristics of severe pertussis in infants and children: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caiying Wang ◽  
Huimin Zhang ◽  
Yanlan Zhang ◽  
Lin Xu ◽  
Min Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Critically Ill Children ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Medical University

Abstract Background The incidence of pertussis shows an increasing trend in recent years, but some clinicians often lack sufficient understanding of the clinical characteristics and risk factors for severe pertussis, and more effective measures should be taken to reduce the incidence and mortality of pertussis in young infants Methods A retrospective study was conducted, and 184 infants and children with pertussis who had been hospitalized in the Department of Pediatrics of Beijing Ditan Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University from January 2016 to December 2017 were included. Clinical data of the patients were collected and the clinical characteristics were statistically analyzed Results Among the 184 patients, 41.85% were infants < 3 months of age, and 65.22% of the total patients were not vaccinated against pertussis. There were 22 critically ill children, among whom 4 died, and compared with mild cases, they had a higher proportion of children younger than 3 months of age and infants not vaccinated against pertussis (63.64% vs. 38.89% and 100% vs. 60.49%, respectively); a higher proportion of children with severe pneumonia (100% vs. 0%); higher leukocyte count(× 109/L , 35.80 ± 20.53 vs 19.41 ± 8.59); and a higher proportion of children with severe hyperleukocytosis (18.18% vs. 0%, respectively) (P<0.05) Conclusions 1. Infants aged <3 months not vaccinated for pertussis appear more likely to become infected and have more severe disease. 2. Severe pneumonia and hyperleukocytosis are the main mechanisms underlying severe pertussis.

scholarly journals Characteristics of patients with osteonecrosis of the jaw with oral versus intravenous bisphosphonate treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Hun Lee ◽  
So-Young Choi ◽  
Min-Su Bae ◽  
Tae-Geon Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Bisphosphonate Treatment ◽  
Administration Route ◽  
Lesion Number ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Intravenous Bisphosphonate

Abstract Purpose This retrospective study was aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes in patients with osteonecrosis of the jaw who were receiving oral versus intravenous (IV) bisphosphonate (BP). Materials and methods This retrospective study enrolled subjects who had been diagnosed with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) during the period from July 2010 to June 2014. Information regarding the following demographic and clinical characteristics was collected: demographic data, administration route and type of BP, duration of BP medication, primary disease, number of involved sites, location of the lesion, number of surgeries, outcome of treatments, and laboratory test. All the patients were divided into oral and IV BP groups; and the between-group differences were compared. Results Total 278 patients were divided into two groups as per the route of BP administration. The proportion of oral BP-related MRONJ group were more dominant over IV BP group (oral BP, n = 251; IV BP, n = 27). In the IV BP group, the average dosing duration (31.4 months) was significantly shorter than that in the oral BP group (53.1 months) (P < 0.001). The average number of involved sites in the oral BP group (1.21 ± 0.48) was smaller than that in the IV BP group (1.63 ± 0.84) (P < 0.001). The average number of surgeries was higher in the IV BP group (1.65 ± 0.95) as compared to that in the oral BP group (0.98 ± 0.73) (P < 0.001). Outcome after the surgery for MRONJ after IV BP was poor than oral BP group. Conclusion IV administration of BP causes greater inhibition of bone remodeling and could lead more severe inflammation. Therefore, even if the duration of IV administration of BP is shorter than that of oral BP, the extent of the lesion could be more extensive. Therefore, the result suggests that the MRONJ after IV BP for cancer patients needs to be considered as different characteristics to oral BP group for osteoporosis patents.

scholarly journals National record-linkage study of hospital admissions for schizophrenia in childhood and adolescence in England

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Seminog ◽  
Uy Hoang ◽  
Michael Goldacre ◽  
Anthony James
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Linkage Study ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Affective Psychosis ◽  
Health Service Provision ◽  
Childhood Onset Schizophrenia ◽  
Icd 10

Abstract Background There is a lack of information on changes in hospital admission rates for childhood-onset schizophrenia (COS), or on patient characteristics, to inform clinical research and health service provision. Aims To report age- and sex-specific incidence rates of hospital admissions and day patient care for schizophrenia (ICD-10 F20) and non-affective psychosis (ICD-10 F20-29), by year of occurrence and age, in childhood and adolescence. Methods Population-based study using person-linked data for England (available 2001–2016); time-periods in single years and 4-year groups. Results Hospitalised incidence for schizophrenia increased with increasing age, from 0.03 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.02–0.05) and 0.01 (0–0.01) per 100,000 in, respectively, males and females aged 5–12 years, to 3.67 (3.44–3.91) in males and 1.58 (1.43–1.75) in females aged 13–17 years. There was no gender difference in hospitalised incidence rates in children aged 5–12, but in 13–17 years old, there was a male excess. Rates for schizophrenia were stable over time in 5–12 years old. In ages 13–17, rates for schizophrenia decreased between 2001–2004 and 2013–2016 in males, from 6.65 (6.04–7.31) down to 1.40 (1.13–1.73), and in females from 2.42 (2.05–2.83) to 1.18 (0.92–1.48). The hospitalisation rates for schizophrenia and non-affective psychosis, combined, in 13–17 years old decreased in males from 14.20 (13.30–15.14) in 2001–2004 to 10.77 (9.97–11.60) in 2013–2016, but increased in females from 7.49 (6.83–8.20) to 10.16 (9.38–11.00). Conclusions The study confirms that childhood-onset schizophrenia is extremely rare, with only 32 cases identified over a 15-year period in the whole of England. The incidence of schizophrenia and non-affective psychosis increased substantially in adolescence; however, the marked reduction in the proportion of those diagnosed with schizophrenia in this age group suggests a possible change in diagnostic practice.

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