Changes in reach‐to‐grasp behaviour over the course of training in rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierantonio Parmiani ◽  
Cristina Lucchetti ◽  
Gianfranco Franchi
Keyword(s):  
Reach To Grasp

Planning to reach for a rotating rod

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claes von Hofsten ◽  
Katarina Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Reach To Grasp ◽  
Almost All

Abstract. Hand adjustments of 6- and 10-month-old infants and adults were studied as they reach to grasp a rotating rod. It was found that the subjects in all three age groups adjusted the hand prospectively to the rotating rod during the approach of it. They also adjusted the reaches to the rotating rod in such a way that almost all of the grasps were overhand ones as predicted by the endpoint comfort hypothesis. Finally, it was found that the rotation of the hand was made up of movement units as translational movements are, and that the approach units were relatively independent of the rotational ones.

scholarly journals Engineered glycomaterial implants orchestrate large-scale functional repair of brain tissue chronically after severe traumatic brain injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. eabe0207
Author(s):  
Charles-Francois V. Latchoumane ◽  
Martha I. Betancur ◽  
Gregory A. Simchick ◽  
Min Kyoung Sun ◽  
Rameen Forghani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Growth Factor Signaling ◽  
Neuronal Circuit ◽  
Reach To Grasp ◽  
Function Recovery ◽  
Cellular Repair ◽  
The Brain

Severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) survivors experience permanent functional disabilities due to significant volume loss and the brain’s poor capacity to regenerate. Chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans (CS-GAGs) are key regulators of growth factor signaling and neural stem cell homeostasis in the brain. However, the efficacy of engineered CS (eCS) matrices in mediating structural and functional recovery chronically after sTBI has not been investigated. We report that neurotrophic factor functionalized acellular eCS matrices implanted into the rat M1 region acutely after sTBI significantly enhanced cellular repair and gross motor function recovery when compared to controls 20 weeks after sTBI. Animals subjected to M2 region injuries followed by eCS matrix implantations demonstrated the significant recovery of “reach-to-grasp” function. This was attributed to enhanced volumetric vascularization, activity-regulated cytoskeleton (Arc) protein expression, and perilesional sensorimotor connectivity. These findings indicate that eCS matrices implanted acutely after sTBI can support complex cellular, vascular, and neuronal circuit repair chronically after sTBI.

scholarly journals Near-falls in Singapore community-dwelling older adults: a feasibility study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn Leng-Hsien Soh ◽  
Chee-Wee Tan ◽  
Judith Lane ◽  
Ting-Ting Yeh ◽  
Benjamin Soon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Reach To Grasp ◽  
Balance Recovery ◽  
Recruitment And Retention ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Near Falls ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background A near-fall is defined as a loss of balance that would result in a fall if sufficient balance recovery manoeuvres are not executed. Compared to falls, near-falls and its associated balance recovery manoeuvres have been understudied. Older adults may not recognise a near-fall or identify the use of their balance recovery manoeuvres to prevent a fall. The consensus on the methods to collect near-fall data is lacking. The primary objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of recruitment and retention. Secondary objectives were to establish evidence that Singapore community-dwelling older adults can identify near-falls and associated balance recovery manoeuvres. Texting and calling methods were explored as reporting methods. Methods This study took place in Singapore (September to October 2019). Participants were healthy, community-dwelling adults aged 65 or older. Recruitment was done through poster advertisement, and all participants gave informed consent. Participants attended a briefing session and reported their near-fall or fall incidence over 21 days using either daily texting or calling. The primary outcome measures were the recruitment rate, retention rate, preferred modes for data reporting and ability to report near-falls or falls. Secondary outcomes included the self-reported incidence of falls and near-falls. Results Thirty older adults were recruited in 5 weeks. All participants completed the study. They understood near-fall concepts and were able to report the occurrence and relevant balance recovery manoeuvres used to prevent a fall. 87% (26/30) chose to text while 13% (4/30) selected calling as their reporting method. One actual fall (0.16%) out of 630 responses was reported. Thirty-six incidents (5.7%) of near-falls were recorded. Sixteen participants (53.3%) experienced near-falls and half of this group experienced two or more near-falls. The use of reach-to-grasp strategy (36%), compensatory stepping (52.8%), and other body regions (11.2%) were used to prevent the fall. Conclusions The study provided evidence that studying near-falls in Singapore community-dwelling older adults is feasible and can be applied to a large-scale study. Recruitment and retention rates were good. Older adults were able to identify near-falls and balance recovery manoeuvres. Both texting and calling were feasible reporting methods, but texting was preferred. Trial registration ClinicalTrials identifier: NCT04087551. Registered on September 12, 2019

scholarly journals Control of aperture closure during reach-to-grasp movements in immersive haptic-free virtual reality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhur Mangalam ◽  
Mathew Yarossi ◽  
Mariusz P. Furmanek ◽  
Eugene Tunik
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Reach To Grasp ◽  
Aperture Closure

scholarly journals Effect of post-stroke spasticity on voluntary movement of the upper limb

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadar Lackritz ◽  
Yisrael Parmet ◽  
Silvi Frenkel-Toledo ◽  
Melanie C. Baniña ◽  
Nachum Soroker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Target Location ◽  
Distance Measure ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Reach To Grasp ◽  
Motion Patterns ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Elbow Motion

Abstract Background Hemiparesis following stroke is often accompanied by spasticity. Spasticity is one factor among the multiple components of the upper motor neuron syndrome that contributes to movement impairment. However, the specific contribution of spasticity is difficult to isolate and quantify. We propose a new method of quantification and evaluation of the impact of spasticity on the quality of movement following stroke. Methods Spasticity was assessed using the Tonic Stretch Reflex Threshold (TSRT). TSRT was analyzed in relation to stochastic models of motion to quantify the deviation of the hemiparetic upper limb motion from the normal motion patterns during a reaching task. Specifically, we assessed the impact of spasticity in the elbow flexors on reaching motion patterns using two distinct measures of the ‘distance’ between pathological and normal movement, (a) the bidirectional Kullback–Liebler divergence (BKLD) and (b) Hellinger’s distance (HD). These measures differ in their sensitivity to different confounding variables. Motor impairment was assessed clinically by the Fugl-Meyer assessment scale for the upper extremity (FMA-UE). Forty-two first-event stroke patients in the subacute phase and 13 healthy controls of similar age participated in the study. Elbow motion was analyzed in the context of repeated reach-to-grasp movements towards four differently located targets. Log-BKLD and HD along with movement time, final elbow extension angle, mean elbow velocity, peak elbow velocity, and the number of velocity peaks of the elbow motion were computed. Results Upper limb kinematics in patients with lower FMA-UE scores (greater impairment) showed greater deviation from normality when the distance between impaired and normal elbow motion was analyzed either with the BKLD or HD measures. The severity of spasticity, reflected by the TSRT, was related to the distance between impaired and normal elbow motion analyzed with either distance measure. Mean elbow velocity differed between targets, however HD was not sensitive to target location. This may point at effects of spasticity on motion quality that go beyond effects on velocity. Conclusions The two methods for analyzing pathological movement post-stroke provide new options for studying the relationship between spasticity and movement quality under different spatiotemporal constraints.

scholarly journals Co-Registering Kinematics and Evoked Related Potentials during Visually Guided Reach-to-Grasp Movements

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. e65508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa De Sanctis ◽  
Vincenza Tarantino ◽  
Elisa Straulino ◽  
Chiara Begliomini ◽  
Umberto Castiello
Keyword(s):  
Visually Guided ◽  
Reach To Grasp ◽  
Related Potentials

Ultra-fast selection of grasping points

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (7) ◽  
pp. 1484-1489 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Voudouris ◽  
J. B. J. Smeets ◽  
E. Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Times ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
Reach To Grasp ◽  
Contact Points ◽  
Selection Of

To grasp an object one needs to determine suitable positions on its surface for placing the digits and to move the digits to those positions. If the object is displaced during a reach-to-grasp movement, the digit movements are quickly adjusted. Do these fast adjustments only guide the digits to previously chosen positions on the surface of the object, or is the choice of contact points also constantly reconsidered? Subjects grasped a ball or a cube that sometimes rotated briefly when the digits started moving. The digits followed the rotation within 115 ms. When the object was a ball, subjects quickly counteracted the initial following response by reconsidering their choice of grasping points so that the digits ended at different positions on the rotated surface of the ball, and the ball was grasped with the preferred orientation of the hand. When the object was a cube, subjects sometimes counteracted the initial following response to grasp the cube by a different pair of sides. This altered choice of grasping points was evident within ∼160 ms of rotation onset, which is shorter than regular reaction times.

Development of eye-hand coordination in typically developing children and adolescents assessed using a reach-to-grasp sequencing task

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 102868
Author(s):  
Ewa Niechwiej-Szwedo ◽  
Susana Wu ◽  
Mina Nouredanesh ◽  
James Tung ◽  
Lisa W. Christian
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Reach To Grasp ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Hand Coordination ◽  
Sequencing Task

Muscle activation during a reach-to-grasp movement in sitting position: Influence of the distance

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bonnefoy ◽  
N. Louis ◽  
P. Gorce
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Sitting Position ◽  
Reach To Grasp

scholarly journals Hand Dexterity Impairment in Patients with Cervical Myelopathy: A New Quantitative Assessment Using a Natural Prehension Movement

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao Omori ◽  
Satoshi Shibuya ◽  
Tsuyoshi Nakajima ◽  
Takashi Endoh ◽  
Shinya Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Myelopathy ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Small Object ◽  
Reach To Grasp ◽  
Japanese Orthopedic Association ◽  
Hand Dexterity ◽  
Grip And Release Test

Cervical myelopathy (CM) caused by spinal cord compression can lead to reduced hand dexterity. However, except for the 10 sec grip-and-release test, there is no objective assessment system for hand dexterity in patients with CM. Therefore, we evaluated the hand dexterity impairment of patients with CM objectively by asking them to perform a natural prehension movement. Twenty-three patients with CM and 30 age-matched controls were asked to reach for and grasp a small object with their right thumb and index finger and to subsequently lift and hold it. To examine the effects of tactile afferents from the fingers, objects with surface materials of differing textures (silk, suede, and sandpaper) were used. All patients also underwent the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) test. Preoperative patients showed significantly greater grip aperture during reach-to-grasp movements and weaker grip force than controls only while attempting to lift the most slippery object (silk). Patients, immediately after surgery, (n=15) tended to show improvements in the JOA score and in reaction time and movement time with respect to reaching movements. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that some parameters of the prehension task could successfully predict subjective evaluations of dexterous hand movements based on JOA scores. These results suggest that quantitative assessments using prehension movements could be useful to objectively evaluate hand dexterity impairment in patients with CM.

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