Reduction in Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism in Subcortical Regions may be a Biomarker of Cognitive Decline in People Living with HIV

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souvik Sen ◽  
Hongyu An ◽  
Myriam Sollman ◽  
Jonathan Oakes ◽  
Joseph Eron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Oxygen Metabolism ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cerebral Oxygen ◽  
Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism ◽  
Subcortical Regions ◽  
Living With Hiv

scholarly journals Effect of supplemental dexmedetomidine in interventional embolism on cerebral oxygen metabolism in patients with intracranial aneurysms

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 030006052110029
Author(s):  
Zhang Guo ◽  
Weiwei Wang ◽  
Dahua Xie ◽  
Ruisheng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Oxygen Metabolism ◽  
Cerebral Oxygen ◽  
Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Venous Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Oxygen Difference

Objective To investigate the effect of supplemental dexmedetomidine in interventional embolism on cerebral oxygen metabolism in patients with intracranial aneurysms. Methods Ninety patients who underwent interventional embolism of intracranial aneurysms were equally divided into Group A and Group B. In Group A, dexmedetomidine was injected intravenously 10 minutes before inducing anesthesia, with a loading dose of 0.6 µg/kg followed by 0.4 µg/kg/hour. Group B received the same amount of normal saline by the same injection method. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), arterial–jugular venous oxygen difference [D(a-jv) (O2)], cerebral oxygen extraction [CE (O2)], and intraoperative propofol use were recorded before inducing anesthesia (T0) and at five time points thereafter. Results The amount of propofol in Group A was lower vs Group B. At all five time points after T0, HR, MAP, D(a-jv) (O2), and CE (O2) in Group A were significantly lower vs Group B, with significant differences for jugular venous oxygen saturation (SjvO2) and the oxygen content of the internal jugular vein (CjvO2) between the groups. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine resulted in less intraoperative propofol, lower D(a-jv) (O2) and CE (O2), and improved cerebral oxygen metabolism.

scholarly journals Effect of Chlorpromazine on Cerebral Hemodynamics and Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism in Man

Circulation ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN H. MOYER ◽  
GEORGE MORRIS ◽  
ROBERT PONTIUS ◽  
ROBERT HERSHBERGER ◽  
C. Polk Smith
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Metabolism ◽  
Cerebral Hemodynamics ◽  
Cerebral Oxygen ◽  
Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism

scholarly journals Effect of Comprehensive Cerebral Protection Program on Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism and Vascular Endothelial Function in Elderly Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meihong ZHOU ◽  
Zhaojun HUANG
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Oxygen Metabolism ◽  
Acute Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cerebral Oxygen ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Function ◽  
Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism

Background: We aimed to explore the effect of comprehensive cerebral protection on cerebral oxygen metabolism and vascular endothelial function in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods: A total of 168 elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction treated in The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China from January 2016 to January 2018 were selected. The patients were divided into a control group and an observation group using random number method, n=84. Patients in the observation group were given comprehensive cerebral protection treatment, and patients in the control group were treated with conventional standardized treatments. The changes of cerebral oxygen metabolism, hemorheology and vascular endothelial function before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results: After treatment, oxygen content in arteries and internal jugular veins (Da-vO2), ofoxygen uptake fraction (OEF), Oxygen saturation (SpO2), nitric oxide (NO) were increased in both groups in comparison to before treatment, jugular venous oxygen saturation (SjvO2), brain oxygen uptake rate (ERO2), endothelin (ET), intracranial pressure (ICP), whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, reduced viscosity of whole blood, and hematocrit were decreased. However, the changes in the observation group were larger than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The treatment of cerebral infarction in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction can effectively improve the cerebral oxygen metabolism and vascular endothelial function and improve the blood rheology, which has important clinical value.

scholarly journals 15O Radioactivity Clearance is Faster after Intracarotid Bolus Injection of 15O-Labeled Oxyhemoglobin than after 15O-Water Injection

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 838-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chie Seki ◽  
Jeff Kershaw ◽  
Paule-Joanne Toussaint ◽  
Kenichi Kashikura ◽  
Tetsuya Matsuura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Bolus Injection ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Oxygen Metabolism ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Cerebral Oxygen ◽  
Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism ◽  
Finite Period ◽  
The Brain

The authors tested the hypothesis that the oxygen content of brain tissue is negligible by injecting an intracarotid bolus of 15O-labeled tracer into rats. Under the hypothesis, the clearance rates of 15O radioactivity from the brain after injections of both 15O-labeled water (H215O) and 15O-labeled oxyhemoglobin (HbO15O) should be identical. However, the logarithmic slope of the 15O radioactivity curve after HbO15O injection (0.494 ± 0.071 min-1) was steeper than that after H215O injection (0.406 ± 0.038 min−1) ( P<0.001, n = 13), where the time range used in the comparison was between 60 and 120 seconds after the injection. A possible interpretation of this result is that nonmetabolized O15O may dwell in the brain tissue for a finite period of time before it is eventually metabolized or returned to the blood stream unaltered. These findings contradict assumptions made by models currently used to measure cerebral oxygen metabolism.

Abstract W P101: Surgical Revascularization Reverses Decreased Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism in Young Patients with Moyamoya Disease

Stroke ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Kuroda ◽  
Daina Kashiwazaki ◽  
Kiyohiro Houkin
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Moyamoya Disease ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Oxygen Metabolism ◽  
Cerebral Oxygen ◽  
Surgical Revascularization ◽  
Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Scans ◽  
Parenchymal Damage

Purpose: This prospective study was aimed to evaluate the effects of surgical revascularization on cerebral oxygen metabolism in moyamoya disease. Methods: This study included totally 41 patients who underwent STA-MCA anastomosis and indirect bypass for moyamoya disease between 2000 and 2011. There were 12 children and 29 adults. Totally 67 hemispheres underwent surgery. MR imaging and 15O-gas positron emission tomography (PET) were performed before and 3 to 4 months after surgery. Hemodynamic and metabolic parameters were precisely quantified. Results: Preoperative PET scans revealed that cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO2) was kept normal in 15 hemispheres (22%), but decreased in other 52 (78%). The incidence did not differ between pediatric and adult patients. Pronounced cerebral ischemia was observed in all hemispheres with decreased CMRO2. After surgery, CMRO2 value significantly improved to the normal level in 20 (38%) of 52 hemispheres, but did not change in other 32 (62%). Multivariate analysis showed that the predictors for postoperative CMRO2 normalization were patient’s age (younger than 40 years) and no parenchymal damage on MRI. Conclusion: These findings strongly suggest that cerebral oxygen metabolism is often depressed in response to dense and chronic cerebral ischemia in moyamoya disease. The phenomenon may be advantageous to protect the involved hemispheres against ischemia. Surgical revascularization may readily normalize oxygen metabolism in young patients without any parenchymal damage.

Abstract TMP57: Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism as a Biomarker to Stratify Stroke Risk in Young Adults with Sickle Cell Disease

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andria L Ford ◽  
Kristin P Guilliams ◽  
Melanie E Fields ◽  
Dustin K Ragan ◽  
Cihat Eldeniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Cerebral Metabolism ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Oxygen Metabolism ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Cerebral Oxygen ◽  
Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism ◽  
Imminent Risk ◽  
Hemispheric Infarct

Background: While imaging biomarkers guide stroke prevention strategies in children with sickle cell (SC) disease, none have been adequately studied in adults. High oxygen extraction (OEF) predicts stroke in non-SC adults with carotid occlusion, while low oxygen metabolism (CMRO 2 ) predicts tissue at imminent risk in acute ischemic stroke. We hypothesized that metrics of cerebral metabolism: (1) differ between SC adults with and without stroke and (2) correlate with infarct burden. Methods: A prospective MRI study enrolled 37 adults (28 ± 8 yr) from SC clinic into 4 groups: (1) 9 age/race matched healthy controls, (2) 6 SC adults without infarcts, (3) 15 SC adults with infarcts (infarct volume 7.4 ± 17.5 ml), and (4) 7 SC adults on chronic transfusions (Tx) (infarct volume 3.6 ± 6.6 ml). Arterial spin labelling and asymmetric spin echo measured voxel-wise cerebral blood flow (CBF) and OEF. CMRO 2 = CBF x OEF x blood oxygen content. Infarcts were delineated on FLAIR. OEF, CBF, and CMRO 2 (excluding infarcted tissue) were compared: between groups 1-3 (Kruskal-Wallis) and in group 4 between pre- and post-tx scans (Signed Rank). An ROI defined by high OEF within the deep white matter (a region at high stroke risk in SC) was applied to group 3. OEF, CBF, and CMRO 2 within the ROI were correlated with hemispheric infarct volume (IV) (Spearman’s ρ ). Results: Whole brain OEF showed a stepwise increase from controls, to SC adults without stroke, to SC adults with stroke (P<.001). SC adults on chronic Tx had intermediate OEF, with lowering of OEF post-Tx (Fig A). CBF and CMRO 2 were similar for SC adults with and without stroke (Fig B, C). High OEF and low CBF/CMRO 2 in the ROI correlated with hemispheric infarct burden: IV vs. OEF ( ρ =.40, P=.043); IV vs. CBF ( ρ =-.61, P=.002); and IV vs. CMRO 2 ( ρ =-.50, P=.016). Conclusion: Global OEF holds promise to stratify stroke risk in SC disease. Regional metrics of cerebral oxygen metabolism may indicate tissue-specific metabolic stress at imminent risk of infarction.

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